Topic
Trichoderma harzianum
About: Trichoderma harzianum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4731 publications have been published within this topic receiving 96796 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: An extracellular β-mannanase was isolated from crude extract samples of the mesophilic fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain T4 when grown on wheat bran as the carbon source as discussed by the authors.
85 citations
TL;DR: Harzianum A showed no cytotoxicity against baby hamster kidney cells, no activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but modest antifungal activity at 100 micrograms/ml.
Abstract: A new trichothecene, harzianum A [1], was isolated from the soil-borne fungus Trichoderma harzianum. The structure of 1 was determined by extensive spectral analyses including the nmr techniques of PS-COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY. Harzianum A [1] contains a (Z,E,E)-2,4,6-octatriendioic acid esterified on the 4 beta hydroxyl group of trichodermol and is structurally related to the trichoverroids. Harzianum A [1] showed no cytotoxicity against baby hamster kidney cells, no activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but modest antifungal activity at 100 micrograms/ml.
85 citations
TL;DR: The addition of JMS Stylet-Oil did not contribute to the control of the above mentioned diseases achieved by T39, and the effect of T39 on diseases of greenhouse crops was demonstrated.
Abstract: Isolate T39 of Trichoderma harzianum (TRICHODEX) is a commercial biocontrol agent. It controls Botrytis cinerea (grey mould) in greenhouse crops and in vineyards, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (white mould) in various greenhouse and field crops, Cladosporium fulvum (leaf mould) in tomato, and the powdery mildews Sphaerotheca fusca in cucurbits and Leveillula taurica in pepper. T. harzianum T39 was applied in vineyards and greenhouses as part of grey mould management programmes in alternation with chemical fungicides. In the present study, the effect of T39 on diseases of greenhouse crops was demonstrated. The biocontrol agent was applied in formulations containing two concentrations of the active ingredient, or in the presence of oil in cucumber and tomato greenhouses. Suppression of B. cinerea , C. fulvum and S. sclerotiorum was similar when T39 was applied at final active ingredient rates of 0.2 or 0.4 g l -1 , except for one sampling date in one experiment. The addition of JMS Stylet-Oil did not contribute ...
85 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that culture filtrates of Trichoderma viride and Trichodorma harzianum were inhibitory of Fusarium moniliforme and, to a lesser extent, Aspergillus flavus.
Abstract: Culture filtrates of Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum were inhibitory of Fusarium moniliforme and, to a lesser extent, Aspergillus flavus. The degree of inhibition was, however, dependent on the carbon or nitrogen source incorporated into the medium. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the development of abnormal fruiting structures on exposure to some Trichoderma culture filtrate, while macroscopically, growth restriction and, in the case of A. flavus, altered colony colouration were observed. Based on the results of inverted colony culture, it would appear that some isolates of Trichoderma produce inhibitory volatile compounds. The production of possible antibiotics was also demonstrated. The aggressive behaviour (towards A. flavus and F. moniliforme) demonstrated by Trichoderma spp. may be partly explained by the liberation of extracellular enzymes by these fungi. An isolate of T. viride exhibited amylolytic, pectinolytic, proteolytic and cellulolytic activity. Based on the results of the present investigation, Trichoderma spp. are potential candidates for biocontrol of some mycotoxin-producing fungi, but there exists some doubt as to their osmotolerance within the air-dry seed.
85 citations
TL;DR: Prospects for biocontrol of B. cinerea in greenhouse vegetables appear good under a range of conditions, but regression analysis showed that high temperature during the day and high vapour pressure deficit during the night reduced biOControl efficacy.
Abstract: The efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum T39 and the yeasts Aureobasidium pullulans and Cryptococcus albidus against Botrytis cinerea in cucumber and tomato was compared with chemical control. Four experiments were conducted in cucumber grown under different climatic conditions in The Netherlands, and two experiments were done in tomato both in the Netherlands and in Israel. T. harzianum and A. pullulans showed the most consistent control of B. cinerea, reducing stem lesions and death of plants by 40–100% in most cases. Control of stem lesions and subsequent wilting was generally better than control of symptoms on fruits. In some cases, the biocontrol agents were more effective than the broad-spectrum fungicide tolylfluanid and the selective fungicide iprodione. The climatic conditions did not strongly influence the efficacy of the biocontrol agents, but regression analysis showed that high temperature during the day and high vapour pressure deficit during the night reduced biocontrol efficacy. From the results, prospects for biocontrol of B. cinerea in greenhouse vegetables appear good under a range of conditions.
85 citations