Showing papers on "Trichoderma longibrachiatum published in 1996"

Molecular evidence that the asexual industrial fungus Trichoderma reesei is a clonal derivative of the ascomycete Hypocrea jecorina

Abstract: The relationship of the important cellulase producing asexual fungus Trichoderma reesei to its putative teleomorphic (sexual) ancestor Hypocrea jecorina and other species of the Trichoderma sect. Longibrachiatum was studied by PCR-fingerprinting and sequence analyses of the nuclear ribosomal DNA region containing the internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) and the 5.8S rRNA gene. The differences in the corresponding ITS sequences allowed a grouping of anamorphic (asexual) species of Trichoderma sect. Longibrachiatum into Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, and Trichoderma reesei. The sexual species Hypocrea schweinitzii and H. jecorina were also clearly separated from each other. H. jecorina and T. reesei exhibited identical sequences, suggesting close relatedness or even species identity. Intraspecific and interspecific variation in the PCR-fingerprinting patterns supported the differentiation of species based on ITS sequences, the grouping of the strains, and the assignment of these strains to individual species. The variations between T. reesei and H. jecorina were at the same order of magnitude as found between all strains of H. jecorina, but much lower than the observed interspecific variations. Identical ITS sequences and the high similarity of PCR-fingerprinting patterns indicate a very close relationship between T. reesei and H. jecorina, whereas differences of the ITS sequences and the PCR-fingerprinting patterns show a clear phylogenetic distance between T. reesei/H. jecorina and T. longibrachiatum. T. reesei is considered to be an asexual, clonal line derived from a population of the tropical ascomycete H. jecorina.

Cloning of genes encoding alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and beta-xylosidase from Trichoderma reesei by expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract: A cDNA expression library of Trichoderma reesei RutC-30 was constructed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Two genes, abf1 and bxl1, were isolated by screening the yeast library for extracellular alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase activity with the substrate p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside The genes abf1 and bxl1 encode 500 and 758 amino acids, respectively, including the signal sequences The deduced amino acid sequence of ABFI displays high-level similarity to the alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase B of Aspergillus niger, and the two can form a new family of glycosyl hydrolases The deduced amino acid sequence of BXLI shows similarities to the beta-glucosidases grouped in family 3 The yeast-produced enzymes were tested for enzymatic activities against different substrates ABFI released L-arabinose from p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside and arabinoxylans and showed some beta-xylosidase activity toward p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside BXLI did not release L-arabinose from arabinoxylan It showed alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, alpha-L-arabinopyranosidase, and beta-xylosidase activities against p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D- xylopyranoside, respectively, with the last activity being the highest It was also able to hydrolyze xylobiose and slowly release xylose from polymeric xylan ABFI and BXLI correspond to a previously purified alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and a beta-xylosidase from T reesei, respectively, as confirmed by partial amino acid sequencing of the Trichoderma-produced enzymes Both enzymes produced in yeasts displayed hydrolytic properties similar to those of the corresponding enzymes purified from T reesei

Novel osmotically induced antifungal chitinases and bacterial expression of an active recombinant isoform.

Abstract: NaCl (428 mM)-adapted tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. var Wisconsin 38) cells accumulate and secrete several antifungal chitinases. The predominant protein secreted to the culture medium was a 29-kD peptide that, based on internal amino acid sequence, was determined to be a class II acidic chitinase with similarity to PR-Q. The four predominant chitinases (T1, T2, T3, and T4) that accumulated intracellularly in 428 mM NaCl-adapted cells were purified. Based on N-terminal sequence analyses, two of these were identified as class I chitinase isoforms, one similar to the N. tomentosiformis (H. Shinshi, J.M. Neuhaus, J. Ryals, F. Meins [1990] Plant Mol Biol 14:357-368) protein (T1) and the other homologous to the N. sylvestris (Y. Fukuda, M. Ohme, H. Shinshi [1991] Plant Mol Biol 16:1-10) protein (T2). The other two proteins (T3 and T4) were determined to be novel chitinases that have sequence similarity with class I chitinases, but each lacks a chitin-binding domain. All four chitinases inhibited Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Trichoderma longibrachiatum hyphal growth in vitro, although the isoforms containing a chitin-binding domain were somewhat more active. Conditions were established for the successful expression of soluble and active bacterial recombinant T2. Expression of soluble recombinant T2 was achieved when isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside induction occurred at 18 degrees C but not at 25 or 37 degrees C. The purified recombinant protein exhibited antifungal activity comparable to a class I chitinase purified from NaCl-adapted tobacco cells.

The metabolites of Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Part II The structures of trichodermolide and sorbiquinol

Abstract: Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai aggr. is a fungus reported to be antagonistic to the fungus Mycena citricolor, the causative agent of the American leaf spot disease of coffee. We have investigate...

Influence of Trichoderma longibrachiatum xylanase supplementation of wheat and corn based diets on growth performance of pigs

Abstract: A trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing wheat- and corn-based diets with xylanase on growth performance and FCR of pigs from 10 to 18 wk of age. Seventy-tow castrated male pigs were assigned to pens of two and in a randomized block design to six dietary treatments consisting of diets containing 60% wheat, 40% wheat and 20% corn, and 20% wheat and 40% corn with and without supplementation with xylanase. Feed and water were available ad libitum. Xylanase supplementation improved growth rate and FCR by 9.2 and 5.3%, respectively, regardless of level of wheat and corn inclusion. Key words: Pig, growth, feed enzyme, Trichoderma longibrachiatum xylanase, wheat, corn

Purified cellulase and method of producing

Abstract: A purified novel cellulase composition is provided which may be isolated from a fermentation culture of Trichoderma longibrachiatum and has a molecular weight of about 95-105 kD as approximated on SDS-PAGE (see FIG. 1), a pl of about 5.6-6.8 as estimated on an IEF gel and a pH optimum of about 5.0 on RBB-CMC when measured at 65° C. and pH 4 or lower at temperatures of 40° C. and 50° C.