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Trichoderma reesei

About: Trichoderma reesei is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3832 publications have been published within this topic receiving 152877 citations. The topic is also known as: Trichoderma reesi.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results are consistent with the assumption that basal constitutive levels of endoglucanase and beta-glucosidase are involved in the induction of cellulase synthesis by cellulose in T. reesei.
Abstract: Summary: The induction of endo-1,4-β-glucanase synthesis by Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 was investigated in conidia, mycelia and protoplasts. Cellulose induced endoglucanase synthesis only in conidia, but not in glucose-grown mycelia or protoplasts. Cellooligosaccharides and sophorose induced endoglucanase synthesis in mycelia, conidia and protoplasts. Only conidia exhibited detectable basal endoglucanase levels, whereas β-glucosidase activity was found in conidia, mycelia and protoplasts. The β-glucosidase was inhibited in vitro by nojirimycin and glucono-δ-lactone. Addition of either of these inhibitors to the induction medium blocked de novo synthesis of endo-1,4 β-glucanase with cellulose (conidia) or cellooligosaccharides (protoplasts and mycelia) as inducer, whereas induction by sophorose remained unaffected. The results are consistent with the assumption that basal constitutive levels of endoglucanase and β-glucosidase are involved in the induction of cellulase synthesis by cellulose in T. reesei.

106 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Supra-molecular structural features of cellulose during enzymatic hydrolysis were examined by using CP/MAS 13C NMR spectra in combination with line-fitting analysis and found cellulose I(alpha), para-crystalline, and non- Crystalline regions of cellulOSE are more susceptible to enzymatics than cellulOSE I(beta) during the initial phase.

106 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that enzymes enhanced the fermentation of cellulose and xylan by a combination of pre- and postincubation effects, which was reflected in a higher rate of fermentation.
Abstract: A series of in vitro studies was conducted to determine the effects of adding a commercial enzyme product on the hydrolysis and fermentation of cellulose, xylan, and a mixture (1:1 wt/wt) of both. The enzyme product (Liquicell 2500, Specialty Enzymes and Biochemicals, Fresno, CA) was derived from Trichoderma reesei and contained mainly xylanase and cellulase activities. Addition of enzyme (0.5, 2.55 and 5.1 microL/g of DM) in the absence of ruminal fluid increased (P < 0.001) the release of reducing sugars from xylan and the mixture after 20 h of incubation at 20 degrees C. Incubations with ruminal fluid showed that enzyme (0.5 and 2.55 microL/g of DM) increased (P < 0.05) the initial (up to 6 h) xylanase, endoglucanase, and beta-D-glucosidase activities in the liquid fraction by an average of 85%. Xylanase and endoglucanase activities in the solid fraction also were increased (P < 0.05) by enzyme addition, indicating an increase in fibrolytic activity due to ruminal microbes. Gas production over 96 h of incubation was determined using a gas pressure measurement technique. Incremental levels of enzyme increased (P < 0.05) the rate of gas production of all substrates, suggesting that fermentation of cellulose and xylan was enzyme-limited. However, adding the enzyme at levels higher than 2.55 microL/g of DM failed to further increase the rate of gas production, indicating that the maximal level of stimulation was already achieved at lower enzyme concentrations. It was concluded that enzymes enhanced the fermentation of cellulose and xylan by a combination of pre- and postincubation effects (i.e., an increase in the release of reducing sugars during the pretreatment phase and an increase in the hydrolytic activity of the liquid and solid fractions of the ruminal fluid), which was reflected in a higher rate of fermentation.

106 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that at least two of the five other family 7 genes found in P. chrysosporium will have differences in specificity and possibly catalytic mechanism, thus offering some explanation for the presence of Cel7 isozymes in this species, which are differentially expressed in response to various growth conditions.

106 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: All the fungi investigated showed coinduction of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes during growth on cellulose as well as on xylan, and the highest filter paper activity was measured after cultivation of Penicillium brasilianum IBT 20888 on cellulOSE.
Abstract: For enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material, cellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma reesei are most commenly used, but, there is a need for more efficient enzyme cocktails. In this study, the production of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes was investigated in 12 filamentous fungi from genus Penicillium and compared with that of T. reesei. Either Solka-Floc cellulose or oat spelt xylan was used as carbon source in shake flask cultivations. All the fungi investigated showed coinduction of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes during growth on cellulose as well as on xylan. The highest filter paper activity was measured after cultivation of Penicillium brasilianum IBT 20888 on cellulose.

105 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202373
2022177
2021134
2020141
2019138
2018142