Trichoderma reesei

About: Trichoderma reesei is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3832 publications have been published within this topic receiving 152877 citations. The topic is also known as: Trichoderma reesi.

Production of Cellulases through Solid State Fermentation Using Kinnow Pulp as a Major Substrate

Abstract: A study was conducted to appraise the potential of using kinnow pulp for production of cellulases by Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30. Out of the different combinations tried out, dried kinnow pulp supplemented with wheat bran in the ratio of 4:1 resulted in the highest filter paper cellulase (FPase) activity of 13.4 IU/gds whereas endo-1,4-β-glucanase (CMCase) activity was found to be best when kinnow pulp was supplemented with wheat bran in the ratio 3:2 using Mandel Weber (MW) medium. β-glucosidase activity of 18 IU/gds was again found to be maximum in treatment involving 3:2 ratio of kinnow pulp to wheat bran in MW medium. However, supplementing kinnow pulp with wheat bran in 3:2 using water as medium resulted in an FPase:β-glucosidase ratio of nearly 1:1 which is considered to be most appropriate for achieving ideal saccharification efficiency in case of pretreated lignocellulosic material. Thus, this study involved the utilisation of kinnow pulp for production of cellulases and demonstrated that a substrate which does not find any commercial significance and causes environmental pollution due to its poor disposal holds promise as a substrate for production of cellulases.

The missing link in the fungal L-arabinose catabolic pathway, identification of the L-xylulose reductase gene.

Abstract: The fungal l-arabinose pathway consists of five enzymes, aldose reductase, l-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase, l-xylulose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase, and xylulokinase. All the genes encoding the enzymes of this pathway are known except for that of l-xylulose reductase (EC 1.1.1.10). We identified a gene encoding this enzyme from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina). The gene was named lxr1. It was overexpressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the enzyme activity was confirmed in a yeast cell extract. Overexpression of all enzymes of the l-arabinose pathway in S. cerevisiae led to growth of S. cerevisiae on l-arabinose; i.e., we could show that the pathway is active in a heterologous host. The lxr1 gene encoded a protein with 266 amino acids and a calculated molecular mass of 28 428 Da. The LXRI protein is an NADPH-specific reductase. It has activity with l-xylulose, d-xylulose, d-fructose, and l-sorbose. The highest affinity is toward l-xylulose (Km = 16 mM). In the rev...

Genome-wide transcriptional response of Trichoderma reesei to lignocellulose using RNA sequencing and comparison with Aspergillus niger

Abstract: Background: A major part of second generation biofuel production is the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. Many fungi produce enzymes that can saccarify lignocellulose and cocktails from several fungi, including well-studied species such as Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger, are available commercially for this process. Such commercially-available enzyme cocktails are not necessarily representative of the array of enzymes used by the fungi themselves when faced with a complex lignocellulosic material. The global induction of genes in response to exposure of T. reesei to wheat straw was explored using RNA-seq and compared to published RNA-seq data and model of how A. niger senses and responds to wheat straw. Results: In T. reesei, levels of transcript that encode known and predicted cell-wall degrading enzymes were very high after 24 h exposure to straw (approximately 13% of the total mRNA) but were less than recorded in A. niger (approximately 19% of the total mRNA). Closer analysis revealed that enzymes from the same glycoside hydrolase families but different carbohydrate esterase and polysaccharide lyase families were up-regulated in both organisms. Accessory proteins which have been hypothesised to possibly have a role in enhancing carbohydrate deconstruction in A. niger were also uncovered in T. reesei and categories of enzymes induced were in general similar to those in A. niger .S imilarly toA. niger, antisense transcripts are present in T. reesei and their expression is regulated by the growth condition. Conclusions: T. reesei uses a similar array of enzymes, for the deconstruction of a solid lignocellulosic substrate, to A. niger. This suggests a conserved strategy towards lignocellulose degradation in both saprobic fungi. This study provides a basis for further analysis and characterisation of genes shown to be highly induced in the presence of a lignocellulosic substrate. The data will help to elucidate the mechanism of solid substrate recognition and subsequent degradation by T. reesei and provide information which could prove useful for efficient production of second generation biofuels.