Topic
Trickling filter
About: Trickling filter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1098 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20219 citations.
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TL;DR: Treated wastewater effluents were the main contributors to PPCPs concentrations in the rivers studied, and the effect of WWTP effluent on the quality of river water is significant and cannot be underestimated.
1,436 citations
629 citations
Book•
01 Feb 1982
TL;DR: In this article, preliminary unit operations and processes are presented for water and wastewater treatment plants, including preliminary unit operation and processes of coagulation and flocculation, ammonia removal, and activated sludge removal.
Abstract: 1. Chemical Concepts 2. Biological Concepts 3. Mass Balances, Flow Models, and Reactors 4. Water Quantities and Water Quality 5. Wastewater Quantities and Wastewater Quality 6. Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants 7. Preliminary Unit Operations and Processes 8. Coagulation and Flocculation 9. Sedimentation 10. Filtration 11. Ammonia Removal 12. Adsorption 13. Ion Exchange 14. Membrane Processes 15. Activated Sludge 16. Oxygen Transfer and Mixing 17. Trickling Filters and Rotary Biological Contactors 18. Stabilization Ponds and Aerated Lagoons 19. Anaerobic Digestion 20. Aerobic Digestion 21. Solids Handling 22. Land Treatment of Municipal Wastewater and Sludges 23. Other Unit Operations and Processes 24. Disinfection Appendices / Glossary / Answers to Selected problems / Index
621 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the recently developed and newly applicable various treatment processes for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater and evaluated their advantages and drawbacks in application and concluded that bioadsorption techniques are eco friendly best solutions for removing heavy metals.
Abstract: Methods for treating industrial wastewater containing heavy metals often involve technologies for reduction of toxicity in order to meet technology-based treatment standards. This article was focused on the recently developed and newly applicable various treatment processes for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Physico-chemical removal processes such as; adsorption on new adsorbents, ion exchange, membrane filtration, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and photocatalysis were discussed. Their advantages and drawbacks in application were evaluated. In the processes of biological treatments microorganisms play a role of settling solids in the solution. Activated sludge, trickling filters, stabilization ponds are widely used for treating industrial wastewater. Bioadsorption is a new biological method and various low cost bioadsorbents (agricultural waste, forest waste, industrial waste, algae etc.) are used for maximum removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Bioadsorption techniques are eco friendly best solutions for removing heavy metals from wastewater rather than physic-chemical methods. But chemical methods are most suitable treatments for toxic inorganic compounds produced from various industries which cannot removed from any biological and physical techniques. Keywords—heavy metals; removal techniques;
380 citations
TL;DR: Mass flows of the 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate were unchanged as a result of wastewater treatment, which indicates that conventional wastewater treatment is not effective for removal of these compounds.
Abstract: Fluorochemicals have widespread applications and are released into municipal wastewater treatment plants via domestic wastewater. A field study was conducted at a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant to determine the mass flows of selected fluorochemicals. Flow-proportional, 24 h samples of raw influent, primary effluent, trickling filter effluent, secondary effluent, and final effluent and grab samples of primary, thickened, activated, and anaerobically digested sludge were collected over 10 days and analyzed by liquid chromatography electrospray-ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Significant decreases in the mass flows of perfluorohexane sulfonate and perfluorodecanoate occurred during trickling filtration and primary clarification, while activated sludge treatment decreased the mass flow of perfluorohexanoate. Mass flows of the 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate were unchanged as a result of wastewater treatment, which indicates that conventional wastewater treatment is not...
372 citations