Showing papers on "Trickling filter published in 2018"

Nitrous oxide emissions from biofilm processes for wastewater treatment

Abstract: This paper discusses the microbial basis and the latest research on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from biofilms processes for wastewater treatment. Conditions that generally promote N2O formation in biofilms include (1) low DO values, or spatial DO transitions from high to low within the biofilm; (2) DO fluctuations within biofilm due to varying bulk DO concentrations or varying substrate concentrations; (3) conditions with high reaction rates, which lead to greater formation of intermediates, e.g., hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and nitrite (NO2-), that promote N2O formation; and (4) electron donor limitation for denitrification. Formation of N2O directly results from the activities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria. More research is needed on the roles of AOA, comammox, and specialized denitrifying microorganisms. In nitrifying biofilms, higher bulk ammonia (NH3) concentrations, higher nitrite (NO2-) concentrations, lower dissolved oxygen (DO), and greater biofilm thicknesses result in higher N2O emissions. In denitrifying biofilms, N2O accumulates at low levels as an intermediate and at higher levels at the oxic/anoxic transition regions of the biofilms and where COD becomes limiting. N2O formed in the outer regions can be consumed in the inner regions if COD penetrates sufficiently. In membrane-aerated biofilms, where nitrification takes place in the inner, aerobic biofilm region, the exterior anoxic biofilm can serve as a N2O sink. Reactors that include variable aeration or air scouring, such as denitrifying filters, trickling filters, or rotating biological contactors (RBCs), can form peaks of N2O emissions during or following a scouring or aeration event. N2O emissions from biofilm processes depend on the microbial composition, biofilm thickness, substrate concentrations and variability, and reactor type and operation. Given the complexity and difficulty in quantifying many of these factors, it may be difficult to accurately predict emissions for full-scale treatment plants. However, a better understanding of the mechanisms and the impacts of process configurations can help minimize N2O emission from biofilm processes for wastewater treatment.

Trickling filters following anaerobic sewage treatment: state of the art and perspectives

Abstract: High-rate anaerobic treatment of sewage using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors is a consolidated technology in warm climate countries. Nevertheless, since anaerobic treatment only removes organic carbon, post-treatment is required to remove nitrogen, besides residual organic carbon. Trickling filters (TFs) constitute a cost-effective post-treatment option, assuring low sludge production, low operational costs and maintenance simplicity compared to other post-treatment technologies (e.g. activated sludge). This paper reviews the experience of the last 20 years of research, design and operation of UASB/TF systems. Three main topics are addressed: i) the development of trickling filters for UASB reactor effluent treatment, building on first experiences with TFs preceded by primary settlers; ii) the design criteria, performance and empirical models for predicting the efficiency of TFs post-UASB reactors; and iii) the future challenges associated with elimination of secondary settlers and nitrogen removal in sponge-bed trickling filters (SBTFs).

Trickling Filter for High Efficiency Treatment of Dairy Sewage

Abstract: The article presents the results of the research on the possibility of using a trickling filter for high efficiency treatment of dairy sewage. Nowadays, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is possible to change the activated sludge system to the trickling filter technology, especially in small dairy plants with lower raw sewage parameters in comparison to larger plants. In the research, dairy wastewater after dissolved air flotation (DAF) process was treated with a laboratory scale Gunt CE701e research model which allows to control the basic parameters of the treatment with a trickling filter (TF). The conducted study included determining the changing sewage parameters during the DAF process, as well as the trickling filter (TF) efficiency. Such parameters as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total Organic Carbon (TOC), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and total phosphorous (TP) were checked. The research results confirmed the possibility of high efficiency treatment of dairy sewage with DAF and trickling filter technologies. The average efficiency of DAF treatment was 59.3% for BOD, 49.0% for COD and 80.0% for TP, while the average treatment efficiency of TF was 87.3%, 78.3% and 27.9% without recirculation and 95.2%, 85.5% and 42.0% with 100% recirculation applied, respectively. The load of TF during the operation without recirculation was on average 0.22 kgBOD5∙m -3∙d-1 and 0.25 with 100% recirculation. Applying recirculation allowed to reach the BOD, COD and total phosphorus standards for the sewage discharged to a receiver from Bielmlek dairy WWTP. On the other hand, the concentration of total nitrogen exceeded the permitted standards in this facility.

Upscaling the Zeolite-Anammox Process: Treatment of Anaerobic Digester Filtrate

Abstract: State regulatory and other agencies identified that nitrogen loading from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging around its periphery has adversely affected the San Francisco Bay (SFB) water quality. Here we consider the upscaling of the zeolite-anammox process treatment to nitrogen removal from relatively high-ammonia content (~500 NH3-N mg/L) anaerobic-digester (AD) filtrate to facilitate reductions in WWTP nitrogen discharge. First, by operating a 210 L barrel reactor as a trickling filter with a 10% by volume initial bio-zeolite seeding fraction, we found that 6–8 weeks elapsed before the anammox activity became apparent. Moreover, the 10-mm zeolite aggregate reactor achieved an 89% ammonia-N removal compared to the 85% achieved by the 20-mm aggregate. We then evaluated the performance of the trickling-filter design in a 68 m3 Baker tank nearly filled with 20-mm zeolite aggregate seeded with bio-zeolite at about 1.5% by volume. At an average inflow of 42 m3/day, about one year elapsed before achieving adequate anammox activity and acceptable treatment. Unfortunately, inadequate suspended solids pre-treatment of the AD filtrate resulted in clogging problems in the Baker tank reactor, so we evaluated aerobic-anaerobic cycling within the tank and then operated it (anaerobically) as a nitrate-scavenging tank. In the final anaerobic operational stage, nitrate effluent concentrations were <1 mg/L, perhaps due to dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium by the anammox process, but ammonia removal fractions were only about 47%.

Biogeochemical Cycling Bacteria and Nutrient Dynamics in Waste Stabilization Pond System

Abstract: Wastewater generated from different sources creates environmental problems after entering the aquatic ecosystem due to its heavy organic load and other undesirable toxicants. As a consequence, biological and chemical oxygen demand increases with depletion of oxygen level of water; all the biotic organisms suffer from stress-related symptoms often reaching to lethal limits. However, wastewater may become a useful resource for various economic-driven activities. Wastewater reuse is primarily dependent on the microbial degradation of different nutrients present in sewage. Thus, biogeochemical cycling bacteria have profound role on the decomposition, degradation and regeneration of nutrients from organic sewage water. Thus, the metabolism and turnover of the whole sewage-fed ponds are regulated by nutrient cycling and energy flow in the trophic level. Waste stabilization pond has been recognized as effective treatment system with removal of as high as 90–95% dissolved organic matter and reducing pathogens through microbial activities under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in trickling filter, activated sludge processes, etc. Interactions within and between carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus pools in nutrient cycles of wastewater-fed ponds ultimately result in nutrient removal from wastewater. A series of waste stabilization ponds (anaerobic, facultative and maturation) in which the detritus food chain is dominant over the grazing food chain is popular. It is evident that microbial activities play a crucial role in nutrient recovery from wastewater through microbial degradation of organic load leading to increased biological production while accelerating the enhancement of water quality through microbial-driven ecological processes.

Simultaneous Treatment of Agro-Industrial and Industrial Wastewaters: Case Studies of Cr(VI)/Second Cheese Whey and Cr(VI)/Winery Effluents

Abstract: Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was co-treated either with second cheese whey (SCW) or winery effluents (WE) using pilot-scale biological trickling filters in series under different operating conditions. Two pilot-scale filters in series using plastic support media were used in each case. The first filter (i.e., Cr-SCW-filter or Cr-WE-filter) aimed at Cr(VI) reduction and the partial removal of dissolved chemical oxygen demand (d-COD) from SCW or WE and was inoculated with indigenous microorganisms originating from industrial sludge. The second filter in series (i.e., SCW-filter or WE-filter) aimed at further d-COD removal and was inoculated with indigenous microorganisms that were isolated from SCW or WE. Various Cr(VI) (5–100 mg L−1) and SCW or WE (d-COD, 1000–25,000 mg L−1) feed concentrations were tested. Based on the experimental results, the sequencing batch reactor operating mode with recirculation of 0.5 L min−1 proved very efficient since it led to complete Cr(VI) reduction in the first filter in series and achieved high Cr(VI) reduction rates (up to 36 and 43 mg L−1 d−1, for SCW and WW, respectively). Percentage d-COD removal for SCW and WE in the first filter was rather low, ranging from 14 to 42.5% and from 4 to 29% in the Cr-SCW-filter and Cr-WE-filter, respectively. However, the addition of the second filter in series enhanced total d-COD removal to above 97% and 90.5% for SCW and WE, respectively. The above results indicate that agro-industrial wastewater could be used as a carbon source for Cr(VI) reduction, while the use of two trickling filters in series could effectively treat both industrial and agro-industrial wastewaters with very low installation and operational costs.

Domestic sewage treatment device

Abstract: The utility model provides a domestic sewage treatment device. The domestic sewage treatment device comprises a trickling filter, a buffer water inlet tank, a bacteria-algae aerial fog spraying tank and a water outlet tank, a water distributor is arranged at the top of the trickling filter, a filler layer is arranged in the trickling filter, and the bottom of the trickling filter is communicated with a buffer water inlet tank; a sewage lifting pump is arranged in the buffer water inlet tank; wherein a partition plate with holes is arranged at the bottom of the bacteria and algae aerial fog spraying pool, an atomization spraying head connected with a sewage lifting pump and used for spraying atomized water is arranged on the partition plate, the lower portion of the partition plate is communicated with a water outlet pool, and a bacteria embedding bag, an algae embedding bag, a full-spectrum plant growth lamp and a flushing device are arranged in an inner cavity of the bacteria and algae aerial fog spraying pool. A disinfection device and a reflux device connected with the buffer water inlet tank are arranged in the water outlet tank, and a water outlet is formed in the side part ofthe water outlet tank. The sewage treatment device is high in treatment efficiency, good in filtering effect, low in cost, long in service life and capable of effectively killing pathogens and bacteria and removing chlorine.

A biological trickling filter variable in filler volume and having a rollover-preventing upper pore plate

Abstract: The invention relates to a biological trickling filter variable in filler volume and having a rollover-preventing upper pore plate, and belongs to the technical field of biological desulphurization The biological trickling filter is provided to overcome a problem that fixed type upper pore plates in present trickling filters cannot be adjusted along with the volume or weight of fillers and non-fixed type upper pore plates are liable to roll over A gas feeding pipe is communicated with a gas inlet in the external wall of the trickling filter A lower pore plate and the upper pore plate are disposed in the trickling filter in order from bottom to top The lower pore plate is fixed to the inner wall of the trickling filter, and is above the gas inlet The upper pore plate is connected to acover plate at the top of the trickling filter through a plurality of elastic bars The bottom of the trickling filter is provided with a liquid outlet One end of a liquid conveying pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet, and the other end is provided with a liquid inlet The liquid conveying pipe is also provided with a branch pipe The tail end of the branch pipe is provided with a spraying head The spraying head is above the upper pore plate in the trickling filter The filler space in the trickling filter can be adjusted by itself, and rollover of the upper pore plate is prevented

Method for improving bio-trickling filter-based purification of ethylbenzene waste gas by saponin

Abstract: The invention belongs to the field of organic waste gas purification based on a biological filtration technology and discloses a method for improving the bio-trickling filter-based purification of ethylbenzene waste gas by saponin The method comprises inoculating a bio-trickling filter with activated sludge, carrying out microbial acclimation under low-concentration ethylbenzene waste gas and then introducing saponin into a nutrient solution in an experimental group The experimental result shows that saponin can promote to increase a degradation rate of ethylbenzene waste gas in the bio-trickling filter When the concentration of the saponin is in a range of 15-75 mg/L, the saponin can greatly remove ethylbenzene waste gas in a concentration range of 250-2000 mg/m The method greatlyimproves the ethylbenzene waste gas degradation properties of the bio-trickling filter without change of operation conditions and devices Saponin as an additive has small toxicity to degrade microorganisms and good environmental compatibility The method has the advantages of load impact resistance, low operating cost and operation simpleness

Self-energizing cycling treatment method for brewery wastewater

Abstract: The invention discloses a self-energizing cycling treatment method for brewery wastewater. The method comprises: orderly treating pretreated wastewater through a UASB reactor, a biological contact oxidation tank and a membrane bioreactor, and recycling the wastewater. The biogas produced by the UASB reactor is desulfurized by a biological trickling filter and then provides power for a biogas generator for powering for a biological contact oxidation tank and a membrane bioreactor. Through combination of three technologies, a combined technology is formed and three reaction unit effects are fully exerted. Compared with the conventional treatment technology, the method effectively degrades organic pollutants in mixed wastewater of the brewery and deep treats the mixed wastewater, saves the cost, greatly reduces the wastewater pollution on the environment, recycles the biogas generated during the treatment process and the treated reclaimed water, realizes the resource utilization of biogasand wastewater, improves the high energy consumption and high water consumption in the traditional beer production process, has strong practicability and wide applicability and has broad developmentprospects.

Waste gas deodorization device for essence room of daily chemical workshop

Abstract: The invention provides a waste gas deodorization device for an essence room of a daily chemical workshop. The waste gas deodorization device comprises a biological trickling filter, a microbial layerarranged on a bio-packing composite layer, a water circulation device connected to the side wall of the biological trickling filter in a through manner and a purified gas discharge device connected tothe side wall of the biological trickling filter in a through manner. The waste gas deodorization device overcomes defects in the prior art and is reasonable in design and compact in structure, wastegas is fed into the biological trickling filter uniformly by rotating spherical connectors, contact area of the waste gas with water can be increased, contact between the waste gas and the water is further increased by porous sponge, soluble gas is dissolved sufficiently, pH of the water is detected by a pH detector, so that whether drainage is performed is determined, purified gas can be detected again by a hydrogen sulfide detector, whether the gas is discharged is determined, and environmental pollution is avoided.

Circulation type nitrification and denitrification system

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulation type nitrification and denitrification system having high nitrification performance even in a cold season.SOLUTION: This circulation type nitrification and denitrification system 1 includes a trickling filter apparatus 2 for nitrifying waste water W and an anoxic filter apparatus 3 for denitrifying the waste water W. The trickling filter apparatus 2 is equipped with a trickling filter 22 formed by filling a cylindrical trickling filter cylinder 21 with many filter materials 22a, and a heating water pipe 26 in which water warmer than air flows, for heating the trickling filter 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Portable waste gas is quick to be collected and purifier

Abstract: The utility model relates to a portable waste gas is quick to be collected and purifier, the device be including trailer, gas collection tank, bio -trickling filter processing apparatus, plasma purification device and discharge the tower, gas collection tank, bio -trickling filter processing apparatus, plasma purification device and emission tower all set up on the trailer, gas collection tank connects in bio -trickling filter processing apparatus, biotrickling filtration processing apparatus connects in plasma purification device, the plasma purification device reconnection is in dischargingthe tower, gas collection tank collects waste gas, input bio -trickling filter processing apparatus with waste gas, be provided with plasma purification device behind the bio -trickling filter processing apparatus, the back is handled through biotrickling filtration to waste gas, pass through low temperature plasma purification treatment again, waste gas reaches the discharge index, just dischargethrough discharging the tower.

Diseño hidráulico de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la parroquia Salinas, Imbabura

Abstract: The hydraulic design of a wastewater treatment plant was carried out according to the characteristics of the water analyzed in the EMAPA-I laboratory, the sizing of a preliminary treatment consists of an approach channel and a screening system of coarse fine grids, followed by a pumping station, capable of pumping up to 25 L s towards the two equalizing tanks, from which the wastewater will be circulated to a primary clarifier of circular section, which theoretically can retain 60 percent of TSS and 37 percent BOD. Subsequently a trickling filter, whose filtering material 2H PLASDEK type KPP312 612 has a specific surface area of 232 m2 m3, will receive waste water, with the objective of degrading organic matter by means of microorganisms capable of synthesizing it. Finally, the effluent from the TF will be directed towards two circular secondary clarifiers, designed to retain the suspended material and it is estimated that the output BOD would be approximately 25 ppm.

Method for treating organic waste gas with novel membrane biological trickling filter

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating organic waste gases with a novel membrane biological trickling filter With the combination of separation of a gas membrane and a biochemical reactor, organic pollutants in waste gases are purified through gas membrane mass transferring, anaerobic/anoxic biodegradation and aerobiotic biological degradation, the organic waste gas is fed into a membranebiological trickling filter reactor, a waste gas distribution module, a biological trickling filter module and a membrane biological reactor module are distributed in the membrane biological trickling filter reactor in a gas flowing direction; the biological trickling filter module and the membrane biological reactor module are connected with a biological liquid circulation module through circulation pipelines; the biological liquid circulation module is in charge of conveying and circulation of biological liquids of the biological trickling filter module and the membrane biological reactor module The method solves the defect that a conventional biological trickling filter method is low in common removal efficiency upon hydrophobic volatile organic compounds, also prevents membrane pollution problems caused by excessive multiplication of microorganisms, has the advantages of being small in floor space, high in purification efficiency, low in operation cost, and the like, and is applicable to treatment on multiple VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) organic waste gases

Device for treating water and method for managing the same

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating water capable of extremely efficiently supplying oxygen which cannot be fully dissolved and remains in a biological treatment tank into a trickling filter bed tank and capable of increasing dissolved oxygen in water to be treated which passes through the trickling filter bed tank.SOLUTION: The device for treating water to be treated comprises: the trickling filter bed tank including means for spraying the water to be treated, a filter material layer, a discharge port for a primary treated water and a gas inflow port; the biological treatment tank including an inflow port for the primary treated water, a discharge port for secondary treated water, means for supplying gas containing oxygen and a gas discharge port; a connecting member between the gas inflow port of the trickling filter bed tank and the gas discharge port of the biological treatment tank; and a region inside the filter material layer in which a flow direction of the treated water passing through the filter material layer and a flow direction of the gas discharged from the biological treatment tank and flowing into the trickling filter bed tank form a counter flow. A method for managing the device is also provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Rural wastewater treatment method based on recycling of landscape wetland

Abstract: The invention discloses a rural wastewater treatment method based on recycling of a landscape wetland. The rural wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps: introducing to-be-treated wastewater into an oil separating and sand setting pond to remove oil stains and large particle substances; introducing the treated wastewater into a baffling anaerobic pool; carrying out anaerobic treatment on the wastewater in the baffling anaerobic pool; then discharging the wastewater from a frame trickling filter from top to bottom through a water distributor; then discharging the wastewater into an adjusting pond; discharging the wastewater from the upper part of the adjusting pond to enter a step with a water wheel; discharging the wastewater from the step to an oxidization pond from topto bottom; discharging the oxidized wastewater into a surface flow artificial wetland; and finally discharging the waste water which is processed by the surface flow artificial wetland. By combining landscape design and wastewater treatment facilities, the method not only treats the wastewater, but also constructs a landscape for people to view. Meanwhile, the organic matters in the wastewater areturned into wealth for crops and garden greening. In addition, the method is high in wastewater treatment efficiency, little in generated sludge and solves the problem of stink effectively.

Composite biological trickling filter with denitrifying and dephosphorizing functions for toilet excrement treatment

Abstract: The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and mainly relates to a composite biological trickling filter with denitrifying and dephosphorizing functions for toilet excrement treatment. The biological trickling filter has a cylindrical structure, and includes a water distribution zone, a filler layer and a water collecting zone from top to bottom in order. The water distribution zone includes a roller, a rotating water distributor, a water feeding pipe, a water distribution pipe, water spray atomizers and a rail, wherein the water feeding pipe and the water distribution pipe are connected by the rotating water distributor, the water distribution pipe is provided with water outlets, and the water spray atomizers are disposed at the lower part of the water distributionpipe and are connected to the roller. The filler layer comprises five layers of grid frames laminated vertically which are a sand stone layer, a rice soil layer, a gypsum layer, a fly ash layer and acoke layer in order. The water collecting zone includes a water collecting trough, a water discharging pipe and a water collecting plate. The water collecting trough is at the bottom of the tricklingfilter and connected to the water discharging pipe. The trickling filter is mainly used for toilet excrement treatment, can achieve good denitrifying and dephosphorizing effects, and is of great significance for reduction of environment pollution caused by a huge quantity of excrement sewage.

Novel biological trickling filter for treating waste gas

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel biological trickling filter for treating waste gas. The novel biological trickling filter comprises a tank body, wherein a packing layer is arranged in the middle of the tank body; the packing layer is used for dividing the tank body into upper and lower parts; the upper part is a bubble blowing room and the lower part is a trickling room; a filtering screen is arranged below the packing layer; the bottom of an outer wall of the tank body is communicated with a liquid feeding tank; the liquid feeding tank is communicated with a high-speed bubble blowing machinethrough a water pipe; the high-speed bubble blowing machine is communicated with the bubble blowing room of the tank body through a bubble blowing pipe; the top of the bubble blowing room of the tankbody is connected with an air compressor and a waste gas collection device; a gas outlet bent pipe is arranged on a side wall of the trickling room of the tank body; the liquid feeding tank is internally filled with a bubble blowing solution; the bubble blowing solution is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 85 to 95 percent of water, 5 to 10 percent of sodium aliphatate, 1 to 3 percent of NaOH and 0 to 2 percent of white sugar. The novel biological trickling filter for treating the waste gas adopts a waste gas treatment channel which is completely opposite to an existing biological trickling technology; meanwhile, the bubble blowing solution is used for promoting the contact between the waste gas and liquid, the retention rate of the waste gas is improved and the production efficiency of strains is greatly improved, so that the treatment efficiency of the waste gas is improved.

Effect of organic nitrogen concentration on the efficiency of trickling filters

Abstract: The study was conducted in Poland at six selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) based on the trickling filters Bioclere® technology The aim of the study was to find the relationship between the influent organic nitrogen concentration and the purification efficiency expressed as effluent COD concentration In the tests performed, the COD to BOD 5 relationship was close to 2 and the ratio of BOD 5 to TN was lower than 4 The research indicated that this specific chemical composition of raw wastewater causes appearance of filamentous bacteria on the surface of trickling filter filling and strongly affect the effluent quality