Topic
Trickling filter
About: Trickling filter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1098 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20219 citations.
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TL;DR: The experimental results showed an increase in the removal efficiency with a doubling of the nominal flow from 0.7 to 1.44 m3/d, which could be related to the implementation of the trickling filter where high removal rates were achieved.
Abstract: Effective wastewater purification in subsurface flow constructed wetlands must include adequate pretreatment and ensure a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen. In a pilot-scale operation, a subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) consisted of a primary settlement tank, a trickling filter for pretreatment and two serially assembled basins. The trickling filter was added to ensure sufficient aeration, increase purification of the wastewater and shorten the wastewater purification time. The estimated nominal flow was 0.7 m3/d. The experiments were conducted using the wastewater from the municipal sewage canal of the city of Zagreb, with utilization of three different flows: 0.72 (A), 1.44 (B) and 2.88 (C) m3/d. The efficiency of the purification process was monitored over a period of three years (TSS, BOD5, COD, NH4-N, NO2-N, PO4-P, dissolved oxygen, temperature and pH). The experimental results showed an increase in the removal efficiency with a doubling of the nominal flow from 0.7 to 1.44 m3/d, which co...
6 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents long-term practical experiences with the IFAS system design, operation and maintenance, and performance for three full-scale plants with distinct processes; that is, a trickling filter/solids contact process, a conventional plug flow activated sludge process and an extended aeration process.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a full-scale ENBNRAS prototype was implemented at the Daspoort Wastewater Treatment Works (DWWTW) in Tshwane, South Africa.
Abstract: In the external nitrification (EN) biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge (AS) system, the nitrification process is removed from the BNR activated sludge system and performed eexternallyf on an integrated nitrifying trickling filter (NTF). As such, optimum design and operation of the NTF is essential for reliable performance of the ENBNRAS system. Although information on the design and operation of NTFs is available in the literature, this experience is not directly applicable to the NTF in the ENBNRAS system. To address this deficiency, a full-scale ENBNRAS prototype was implemented at the Daspoort Wastewater Treatment Works (DWWTW) in Tshwane, South Africa. In this investigation an average apparent nitrification capacity of approximately 1.25 to 1.29 gN per m2 of media surface area per day [gN/(ms2Ed)] ammonia removal was determined for 2 existing rock media TFs retrofitted as NTFs in the prototype ENBNRAS system (nominal surface area of 45 ms2/m3 for the rock media). This nitrification capacity corresponded to a removal efficiency of about 14 mgN/. (96%), or 149 kgN/d, of the influent ammonia load applied to the NTFs (average influent flow rate of 10 M./d). General concordance was found with corresponding nitrate and nitrite production and alkalinity usage measurements, which substantiated the observed removal performance. This paper details determination of the nitrification capacity of the 2 rock media NTFs used in the prototype ENBNRAS system.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt has been made to set up a relationship between the removal efficiency and the dispersion characteristics of biological filters, and the effect of temperature and substrate concentration on the filter efficiency has been investigated.
Abstract: An attempt has been made to set up a relationship between the removal efficiency and the dispersion characteristics of biological filters. For granular-media trickling filters, effluent concentrations have been calculated with the equation of complete mixing at low flow rates and by means of a dispersed plug-flow model for large hydraulic loadings. For coarse media, the mixed flow zone disappears and the substrate removal is obtained using the equation of dispersed plug flow. The effect of temperature and substrate concentration on the filter efficiency has been investigated using the model developed and the application of this theory to the practical problems has been thus demonstrated.
6 citations