Topic
Trickling filter
About: Trickling filter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1098 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20219 citations.
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TL;DR: Reactor performances are discussed in relation to sequencing batch operation and nutrient requirements necessary to induce and sustain fungal enzyme activity in inert vs. organic material packed systems.
67 citations
TL;DR: To simulate the filtration and/or degradation of trickling sewage from leaky sewers through the non-water-saturated underground, sewage was trickled through sand of 0.4-2mm from the Rhine valley and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was almost independent of low or high trickling rates.
66 citations
Journal Article•
66 citations
TL;DR: The results of a linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) monitoring exercise carried out during August and September, at six different trickling filter sewage treatment plants in the Aire and Calder catchments in the UK are described.
66 citations
TL;DR: The microbial basis and the latest research on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from biofilms processes for wastewater treatment are discussed and a better understanding of the mechanisms and the impacts of process configurations can help minimize N2O emission from biofilm processes for sewage treatment.
Abstract: This paper discusses the microbial basis and the latest research on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from biofilms processes for wastewater treatment. Conditions that generally promote N2O formation in biofilms include (1) low DO values, or spatial DO transitions from high to low within the biofilm; (2) DO fluctuations within biofilm due to varying bulk DO concentrations or varying substrate concentrations; (3) conditions with high reaction rates, which lead to greater formation of intermediates, e.g., hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and nitrite (NO2-), that promote N2O formation; and (4) electron donor limitation for denitrification. Formation of N2O directly results from the activities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria. More research is needed on the roles of AOA, comammox, and specialized denitrifying microorganisms. In nitrifying biofilms, higher bulk ammonia (NH3) concentrations, higher nitrite (NO2-) concentrations, lower dissolved oxygen (DO), and greater biofilm thicknesses result in higher N2O emissions. In denitrifying biofilms, N2O accumulates at low levels as an intermediate and at higher levels at the oxic/anoxic transition regions of the biofilms and where COD becomes limiting. N2O formed in the outer regions can be consumed in the inner regions if COD penetrates sufficiently. In membrane-aerated biofilms, where nitrification takes place in the inner, aerobic biofilm region, the exterior anoxic biofilm can serve as a N2O sink. Reactors that include variable aeration or air scouring, such as denitrifying filters, trickling filters, or rotating biological contactors (RBCs), can form peaks of N2O emissions during or following a scouring or aeration event. N2O emissions from biofilm processes depend on the microbial composition, biofilm thickness, substrate concentrations and variability, and reactor type and operation. Given the complexity and difficulty in quantifying many of these factors, it may be difficult to accurately predict emissions for full-scale treatment plants. However, a better understanding of the mechanisms and the impacts of process configurations can help minimize N2O emission from biofilm processes for wastewater treatment.
66 citations