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Trickling filter

About: Trickling filter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1098 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20219 citations.


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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, a physicochemical treatment using different coagulants, such as alum, ferrous sulphate, polyaluminium chloride (PAC), and polyelectrolyte Magnafloc were studied.
Abstract: Agrochemical/Pesticide wastewater posses great pollution problems due to its high Chemical Oxygen Demand (6000-7000mg/L), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (20003000mg/L), high Total Dissolved Solids (12000-13000mg/L) and highly alkaline pH in the range of 12-14. Moreover the wastewater depicts wide variation in the wastewater characteristics depending on the type of agrochemicals manufactured and on the use of raw materials utilized. Additionally the high pH and TDS also add to the environmental problems. Because of these problems, conventional treatment units which employ activated sludge process (ASP) trickling filters do not usually work properly. It was thus proposed to subject this wastewater to physicochemical treatment using different coagulants and coagulant aids. Commonly available and cost effective coagulants; alum, ferrous sulphate, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and also a polyelectrolyte Magnafloc were studied. Results indicated that this wastewater from agrochemical/ pesticide manufacturing unit is amenable to physicochemical treatment and can be applied both as a pretreatment technology and also as a final polishing treatment. As the wastewater is highly alkaline lime treatment was not tried. Optimum dose of 300mg/L, 250mg/L and 300mg/L for alum, FeSO4 and PAC were observed respectively. Based on these optimum doses, polyelectrolyte Magnafloc in different doses was tried. Alum: Magnafloc dose of 300:0.25 mg/L were found to be the best with COD reduction of 55.76%.This article discusses in detail the results obtained in physicochemical studies.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Organic substances in brewery wastewater can be handled in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner using the gravel-filled trickling filter.
Abstract: Evaluating the performance of a biotrickling filter for the treatment of wastewaters produced by a company manufacturing beer was the aim of this study. A pilot scale trickling filter filled with gravel was used as the experimental biofilter. Pilot scale plant experiments were made to evaluate the performance of the trickling filter aerobic and anaerobic biofilm systems for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients from synthetic brewery wastewater. Performance evaluation data of the trickling filter were generated under different experimental conditions. The trickling filter had an average efficiency of (86.81±6.95)% as the hydraulic loading rate increased from 4.0 to 6.4 m3/(m2·d). Various COD concentrations were used to adjust organic loading rates from 1.5 to 4.5 kg COD/(m3·d). An average COD removal efficiency of (85.10±6.40)% was achieved in all wastewater concentrations at a hydraulic loading of 6.4 m3/(m2·d). The results lead to a design organic load of 1.5 kg COD/(m3·d) to reach an effluent COD in the range of 50–120 mg/L. As can be concluded from the results of this study, organic substances in brewery wastewater can be handled in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner using the gravel-filled trickling filter.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There was no effect of MW on organic removal, and the observed yield coefficient was lower during the continuous MW supply compared to the periodic dosage and CH, but the presence of organic compounds in the influent and continuous biofilm exposure to MW resulted in ca.

20 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a fixed-film packed-bed biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment, where air sparging is used to supply sufficient oxygen for relatively high substrate removal rates associated with the high biomass concentration per unit reactor volume.
Abstract: Recently, much attention has been focused on the use of bio logical fixed-film reactors for wastewater treatment. This is pri marily because of their simple operation, and reduced reactor volume and land area requirements. Submerged, fixed-film packed-bed reactor designs have recently been developed that use relatively small media sizes to further reduce reactor vol ume.1,2 Such reactors require air sparging to supply sufficient oxygen for relatively high substrate removal rates associated with the high biomass concentration per unit reactor volume. A typ ical example is the biological aerated filter. As shown in Figure 1, primary effluent is applied downward through a 1.8-m bed of fired clay media (2.5 to 4-mm size). Air is sparged into the bed and the bed is backwashed to remove excess solids. Typical hydraulic retention times to achieve 90% or more biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal are 40 to 60 minutes with vol umetric organic loadings of 3 to 5 kg/m3 d BOD (190 to 310 lbs/day/1000 ft3).1'2 In the past, mathematical mechanistic models have been de veloped to describe substrate utilization in biofilm reactors.3"11 Some of these models have also recognized that substrate removal rates in the biofilm can be controlled by substrate or oxygen concentration, or both.3-9 For systems described by such models, oxygen has usually been supplied by preoxygenation of the in fluent with air or pure oxygen. This is not the case for sparged packed-bed biofilm reactors because oxygen is continuously supplied and used.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The design of an integrated treatment system consisting of trickling filters, zero-valent iron reaction cells, settling pond, and anaerobic wetlands was efficient for the biological removal of ammonium and several other contaminants from wastewater generated at a coal burning power plant equipped with selective catalytic reducers for nitrogen oxide removal.
Abstract: The efficiency of a novel integrated treatment system for biological removal of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and heavy metals from fossil power plant effluent was evaluated. Microbial communities were analyzed using bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (Sanger sequences) and 454 pyrosequencing technology. While seasonal changes in microbial community composition were observed, the significant (P = 0.001) changes in bacterial and archaeal communities were consistent with variations in ammonium concentration. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed an increase of potential ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Planctomycetes, and OD1, in samples with elevated ammonium concentration. Other bacteria, such as Nitrospira, Nitrococcus, Nitrobacter, Thiobacillus, e-Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria, which play roles in nitrification and denitrification, were also detected. The AOB oxidized 56 % of the ammonium with the concomitant increase in nitrite and ultimately nitrate in the trickling filters at the beginning of the treatment system. Thermoprotei within the phylum Crenarchaeota thrived in the splitter box and especially in zero-valent iron extraction trenches, where an additional 25 % of the ammonium was removed. The potential ammonium-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) (Candidatus Nitrosocaldus) were detected towards the downstream end of the treatment system. The design of an integrated treatment system consisting of trickling filters, zero-valent iron reaction cells, settling pond, and anaerobic wetlands was efficient for the biological removal of ammonium and several other contaminants from wastewater generated at a coal burning power plant equipped with selective catalytic reducers for nitrogen oxide removal.

20 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202318
202229
202133
202034
201932
201826