Topic
Triphenyl phosphate
About: Triphenyl phosphate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 579 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6681 citations. The topic is also known as: phenyl phosphate & TPP.
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TL;DR: The phase I hydroxylation and phase II conjugation metabolic pathways of an organophosphate flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), in addition to diphenyl phosphorus (DPHP) metabolite formation are reported for the first time either in vitro or in vivo.
Abstract: We report for the first time either in vitro or in vivo the phase I hydroxylation and phase II conjugation metabolic pathways of an organophosphate flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), in addition to diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) metabolite formation. Using a chicken embryonic hepatocyte (CEH) assay, TPHP was phase I metabolized to p- and m-hydroxy-TPHP metabolites, which were largely present in the assay medium and cells as phase II conjugates with glucuronic acid. After treatment with β-glucuronidase, deconjugated p-OH-TPHP was present in both the medium and cells at increasing concentrations of 0.073 ± 0.003, 1.95 ± 0.03, and 2.10 ± 0.09 nmol/well at CEH incubation time points of 0, 12, and 36 h, respectively. Similarly, after β-glucuronidase treatment, there were increasing m-OH-TPHP concentrations of 0.0050 ± 0.0005, 0.18 ± 0.01, and 0.18 ± 0.01 nmol/well. p-OH-TPHP at 36 h accounted for 60% of the initial TPHP treatment concentration, which was 3.5- or 12-fold greater than that of the DPHP or m-...
81 citations
TL;DR: A feasibility study was conducted using supercritical methanol (SCM) to simultaneously recover polymers and metals from waste PCBs and results revealed that the oils mainly contained phenol and its methylated derivatives, and themethylated derivatives increased with the increase of reaction temperature.
80 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential gas and condensed phase contributions of various flame retardant (FR) additives with polystyrene polymer were explored using experimental methods as well as thermodynamic modeling techniques.
75 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of ABS/TPP/epoxy compounds were made from them and their flame retardancy were evaluated by measuring the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values, which showed that the incorporated epoxy is very effective in suppressing the evaporation of TPP from the compounds and the LOI value as high as 38 is obtained.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the fire retardant efficiency of melamine (MA) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) in poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) was studied by the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and the UL94 test.
72 citations