Topic
Typing
About: Typing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5010 publications have been published within this topic receiving 146539 citations.
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TL;DR: Polymerase chain reaction-single-stranded conformational polymorphism is used to separate alleles thereby allowing sequenced-based typing of the two most polymorphic class II genes described to date in the dog DLA-DRB1 and D LA-DQB1.
Abstract: The dog has been an important model for solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for over 30 years Fundamental to the continuing usage of the model is the development of molecular-based histocompatibility typing of donors and recipients Previous histocompatibility typing methods used in the dog have not been precise enough to identify dog leukocyte antigen (DLA)-matched unrelated dogs This study was undertaken to begin the process of identifying DLA-matched unrelated dogs In this study polymerase chain reaction-single-stranded conformational polymorphism is used to separate alleles thereby allowing sequenced-based typing of the two most polymorphic class II genes described to date in the dog DLA-DRB1 and DLA-DQB1
77 citations
TL;DR: The results obtained from this gene are in nearly perfect agreement with those from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, which is still considered by many clinicians and the World Health Organization as the gold standard in Leishmania species typing.
Abstract: We describe Leishmania species determination on clinical samples on the basis of partial sequencing of the heat-shock protein 70 gene (hsp70), without the need for parasite isolation. The method is especially suited for use in non-endemic infectious disease clinics dealing with relatively few cases on an annual basis, for which no fast high throughput diagnostic tests are needed. We show that the results obtained from this gene are in nearly perfect agreement with those from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, which is still considered by many clinicians and the World Health Organization (WHO) as the gold standard in Leishmania species typing. Currently, 203 sequences are available that cover the entire hsp70 gene region analysed here, originating from a total of 41 leishmaniasis endemic countries, and representing 15 species and sub-species causing human disease. We also provide a detailed laboratory protocol that includes a step-by-step procedure of the typing methodology, to facilitate implementation in diagnostic laboratories.
77 citations
TL;DR: Methods for molecular typing based on phylogenetic comparisons of a variable fragment in the 5′ untranslated region were improved to increase assay sensitivity and to eliminate nonspecific amplification of human sequences, which is observed occasionally in clinical samples.
Abstract: Human rhinoviruses (RVs), comprising three species (A, B, and C) of the genus Enterovirus, are responsible for the majority of upper respiratory tract infections and are associated with severe lower respiratory tract illnesses such as pneumonia and asthma exacerbations. High genetic diversity and continuous identification of new types necessitate regular updating of the diagnostic assays for the accurate and comprehensive detection of circulating RVs. Methods for molecular typing based on phylogenetic comparisons of a variable fragment in the 5′ untranslated region were improved to increase assay sensitivity and to eliminate nonspecific amplification of human sequences, which are observed occasionally in clinical samples. A modified set of primers based on new sequence information and improved buffers and enzymes for seminested PCR assays provided higher specificity and sensitivity for virus detection. In addition, new diagnostic primers were designed for unequivocal species and type assignments for RV-C isolates, based on phylogenetic analysis of partial VP4/VP2 coding sequences. The improved assay was evaluated by typing RVs in >3,800 clinical samples. RVs were successfully detected and typed in 99% of the samples that were RV positive in multiplex diagnostic assays.
77 citations
TL;DR: Five typing methods were evaluated, utilising 63 strains of fluorescent pseudomonads, to assess their usefulness as tools to study the bacterial diversity within this complex group, finding Rep-PCR proved to be highly discriminatory, more so than the other DNA fingerprinting techniques, demonstrating its suitability for the analysis of highly clonal isolates.
77 citations
TL;DR: Four molecular typing methods were analyzed for epidemiological studies of Campylobacter spp.
76 citations