Showing papers on "Underdevelopment published in 1968"
TL;DR: In this article, Frank lays to rest the myth of Latin American feudalism, demonstrating in the process the impossibility of a bourgeois revolution in a part of the world which is already part and parcel of the capitalist system.
Abstract: The four essays in this book offer a sweeping reinterpretation of Latin American history as an aspect of the world-wide spread of capitalism in its commercial and industrial phases. Dr. Frank lays to rest the myth of Latin American feudalism, demonstrating in the process the impossibility of a bourgeois revolution in a part of the world which is already part and parcel of the capitalist system.
635 citations
305 citations
TL;DR: However, there is no agreement as to the size at which this occurs; nor, for that matter, is there solid evidence that costs do in fact increase with urban size for a given level of services and facilities as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Most developing countries seem to think that they suffer from gigantism of their principal cities, and this view is shared by many experts. It is an ill defined disease. In some cases the worrisomely big city is quite small by comparison to urban areas in other countries, but looms large and is growing rapidly by comparison to the other cities in the country. In a descriptive sense, this phenomenon has been called "primacy" and is often thought to be associated with underdevelopment or the early stages of development. The most common economic argument for calling this concentration excessive is the belief that per capita costs, particularly for infrastructure investment, rise after a certain urban size. However, there is no agreement as to the size at which this occurs; nor, for that matter, is there solid evidence that costs do in fact increase with urban size for a given level of services and facilities.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors claim that urbanization, long blamed for the ills of underdevelopment, is in fact an important development tool and propose a general strategy of national development based on this model.
Abstract: It is the claim of this paper that urbanization, long blamed for the ills of underdevelopment, is in fact an important development tool. The positive characteristics of urbanization and the dynamics by which it creates development are suggested by the communications model of social development. Based upon this model, a general strategy of national development is outlined. Appropriate economic policies, social policies, and political actions are suggested. These are illustrated by past experiences and current conditions in Latin America and other parts of the developing world.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Frank lays to rest the myth of Latin American feudalism, demonstrating in the process the impossibility of a bourgeois revolution in a part of the world which is already part and parcel of the capitalist system.
Abstract: The four essays in this book offer a sweeping reinterpretation of Latin American history as an aspect of the world-wide spread of capitalism in its commercial and industrial phases. Dr. Frank lays to rest the myth of Latin American feudalism, demonstrating in the process the impossibility of a bourgeois revolution in a part of the world which is already part and parcel of the capitalist system.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the degree to which the experience of Sri Lanka conforms with, or is explained by, the theories concerning the effect of foreign trade on the development of economies exporting primary goods.
Abstract: The search for an explanation for underdevelopment of export economies has led to considerable discussion for the past two decades. A number of arguments have been advanced expressing diverse (sometimes conflicting) opinions about the role of foreign trade in the economic development of export economies. In contrast, there has been an inadequate amount of empirical studies to verify the results of the theoretical discussion. The existing empirical studies, though scanty, reply on scattered evidence in various export economies whose basic characteristics differ. Thus, the generalization drawn often does not explain adequately the role of foreign trade in a specific export-oriented economy. The purpose of this paper is to examine the degree to which the experience of Ceylon conforms with, or is explained by, the theories concerning the effect of foreign trade on the development of economies exporting primary goods. The available evidence on Ceylon will be pieced together and examined in view of the following assumptions: (1) deteriorating terms of trade against countries exporting primary goods; (2) lagging foreign demand for primary goods; and (3) the "enclave" of a foreign-owned export sector. The main ideas of these theories are mentioned briefly, and it is shown that they are not supported by Ceylon's experience. Subsequently, an alternative explanation is suggested: namely, that particular characteristics in the production function of plantation industries (tea, rubber, and coconut) have played an important role in shaping the pattern of growth in Ceylon's economy.2 Ceylon presents an excellent opportunity to study the effect of plantation-based international trade on the growth of the domestic economy. The Ceylonese economy has been heavily export-oriented since the 1830's and has had no other important type of export industries than those organized on the plantation basis. Today her exports of tea, rubber, and coconut products account for approximately one-third of her gross national product. Furthermore, complicating factors such as devastating war and political turmoil, often experienced in other underdeveloped
4 citations
3 citations
2 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The concept of Facultad que se limita a otorgar títulos académicos como recompensa a los alumnos que han tenido la habilidad o la paciencia de aprobar sus exámenes.
Abstract: Están ustedes empeñados en realizar una Renovación académica y han llegado a la conclusión que, aun sin discutir a fondo cual es el papel de una Facultad de Ciencias en un país subdesarrollado, hay una cosa segura: para desempeñar bien su papel debe formar profesionales y científicos serios, responsables, capaces de utilizar todos los instrumentos que la ciencia y la técnica ponen a su disposición y de crear los que necesiten y aún no existan. Rechazar en cambio el concepto de Facultad que se limita a otorgar títulos académicos como recompensa a los alumnos que han tenido la habilidad o la paciencia de aprobar sus exámenes
2 citations