Showing papers on "Undergrowth published in 1979"

The Effects on Rain-Forest Birds of Plantings of Teak, Tectona Grandis, in Papua New Guinea.

Abstract: Plantations of the introduced teak (Tectona grandis) in New Guinea had little lateral branching, few epiphytes or climbers and little undergrowth. Birds found among teak were some from the original rain forest nearby and some savannah species. There were far fewer species of bird and mammal than in rain forest, owing mainly to the loss of small insectivorous passerines, nectarivores and ground feeders. Birds at 2 teak plots and in rain forest were classed by their feeding habits; some had adapted to different niches on leaving rain forest for the teak. There were few mammals in the teak other than rats, probably Rattus leucopus, and the rats ate teak fruit. A main food resource in teak was the teak moth (Hyblaea puera); birds were noted that ate the larvae or pupae. Even birds able to maintain themselves among teak may be able to colonize teak only if there is adjacent rain forest from which to colonize. Official policy is now to leave natural vegetation along creek lines.

Nutritional status of soil and plant species in several clearings in coniferous woods compared to that in two related habitats

Abstract: The nutritional status of the soils of a series of coniferous woodland clearings in the Netherlands was found to be intermediate between that of the soil in a dune area with a climax population of Chamaenerion angustifolium and that of the edge (and undergrowth) of a Quercus robur stand. In the dune area the greater part of the NPK was present as an internal pool in the plant tissues of C. angustifolium enabling the population of this species to persist and inhibiting further succession through limiting the availability of NPK. It is suggested that succession in clearings might stagnate in the same way in the absence of new tree growth. Because C. angustifolium is capable of persisting as a population under poor N conditions, it is unsuitable as an indicator species for nitrate-rich soils. The same may be true for Senecio sylvaticus, the other character species of the association Epilobio-Senecionetum sylvatici.

Influences of Pheromone Dispenser and Trap Placement on Trapping Carpenterworm Moths in North Dakota and Mississippi

Abstract: Carpenterworm ( Prionoxystus robiniae Peck) attractant dispensers, trap height, and trap color were evaluated for attractiveness to the male carpenterworm in Mississippi (MS) and North Dakota (ND). The effect of understory density on trap site was also checked. In the humid MS hardwood forest, a standard cotton wick dispenser baited with synthetic sex attractant (Z,E) -3,5 tetradecadien-1-ol acetate was more effective in attracting males than a sheath type dispenser, but in the drier ND environment, it was less effective than a sheath dispenser or any of four other dispensers. Trap catches in MS generally increased with trap height, but in ND, most moths were caught between the tree canopy and the undergrowth. In MS, the capture rate in 1.5 m high traps was not influenced by light or medium understory densities, but heavy understory reduced trap catches. Trap color had no effect on the rate of moths captured.