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Upstream activating sequence
About: Upstream activating sequence is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1633 publications have been published within this topic receiving 100112 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the abortive initiation of transcription at the A2 promoter of Bacteriophage T7, separately cloned in pBR322, was found to be strongly dependent on the degree of supercoiling of the plasmid.
32 citations
TL;DR: GCN4 efficiently activates his3 transcription from wild‐type initiation sites, though in a pattern associated with constitutive his 3 transcription rather than GCN4 upstream activation through a TATA element.
Abstract: We replaced the required TATA element of a yeast gal-his3 promoter by a binding site for GCN4, a protein that normally activates transcription when bound upstream of a TATA element Surprisingly, GCN4 efficiently activates his3 transcription from wild-type initiation sites, though in a pattern associated with constitutive his3 transcription rather than GCN4 upstream activation through a TATA element Transcriptional stimulation by GCN4 requires both the DNA-binding domain and the acidic activation function but is not affected by changing the spacing or helical relationship between the GCN4 binding site and the mRNA start sites GCN4 is not sufficient for this TATA-independent activation; a sequence in the gal fragment distinct from the GAL4 binding sites is also required Thus, GCN4 functions both when bound upstream of a TATA element and also when bound at the position of a TATA element In the latter case, we suggest the possibility that GCN4 might be able to stimulate transcription by an alternate mechanism that does not involve a conventional TATA-binding transcription factor
32 citations
TL;DR: To investigate the sequence requirements of the RPG box, synthetic oligonucleotides were inserted into a deletion mutant of the L25 promoter that lacked its natural RPG elements and showed that in the 3′ part of this sequence element single substitutions are allowed at all positions, in the 5′ part, however, the nucleotide requirements appear to be more stringent.
Abstract: Most ribosomal protein (rp-)genes in yeast are preceded by conserved sequence motifs that act as upstream transcription-activating sites (RPG box). These sequence elements have previously been shown to represent specific binding sites for a protein factor, TUF. Comparison of the various nucleotide elements identified so far indicates a remarkably high degree of variation in the respective sequences. On the other hand, a methylation interference study performed with one RPG box revealed close contact points with the TUF protein along the entire sequence. To investigate the sequence requirements of the RPG box, we inserted synthetic oligonucleotides that differed from the general consensus sequence ACACCCATACATTT at single positions into a deletion mutant of the L25 promoter that lacked its natural RPG elements. Transcription activity was estimated by Northern analyses of the cellular level of L25-galK hybrid transcripts. The results show that in the 3′ part of this sequence element single substitutions are allowed at all positions, in the 5′ part, however, the nucleotide requirements appear to be more stringent. In particular, the invariant C at position 5 of the consensus sequence is absolutely necessary for its enhancer function.
32 citations
TL;DR: This model hypothesizes that the energetic contributions of upstream ZEBRA and the general pol II machinery form a network for which a minimum stability must be attained to activate transcription, and tests the transcriptional response after systematically altering the upstream and core promoters.
32 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that there are two additional regulatory elements besides the consensus sequence which must be present for proper temperature-dependent transcription to occur and either one of these elements may serve at any one time to ensure transcription.
32 citations