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Upstream activating sequence
About: Upstream activating sequence is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1633 publications have been published within this topic receiving 100112 citations.
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TL;DR: It is found that newly discovered nuclear clusters of Gal80 dissipate in response to galactose-triggered Gal3-Gal80 interaction, and the evidence pointing to multimeric Gal80 as the form required to inhibit Gal4 is discussed.
Abstract: The DNA-binding transcriptional activator Gal4 and its regulators Gal80 and Gal3 constitute a galactose-responsive switch for the GAL genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gal4 binds to GAL gene UASGAL (upstream activation sequence in GAL gene promoter) sites as a dimer via its N-terminal domain and activates transcription via a C-terminal transcription activation domain (AD). In the absence of galactose, a Gal80 dimer binds to a dimer of Gal4, masking the Gal4AD. Galactose triggers Gal3-Gal80 interaction to rapidly initiate Gal4-mediated transcription activation. Just how Gal3 alters Gal80 to relieve Gal80 inhibition of Gal4 has been unknown, but previous analyses of Gal80 mutants suggested a possible competition between Gal3-Gal80 and Gal80 self-association interactions. Here we assayed Gal80-Gal80 interactions and tested for effects of Gal3. Immunoprecipitation, cross-linking, and denaturing and native PAGE analyses of Gal80 in vitro and fluorescence imaging of Gal80 in live cells show that Gal3-Gal80 interaction occurs concomitantly with a decrease in Gal80 multimers. Consistent with this, we find that newly discovered nuclear clusters of Gal80 dissipate in response to galactose-triggered Gal3-Gal80 interaction. We discuss the effect of Gal3 on the quaternary structure of Gal80 in light of the evidence pointing to multimeric Gal80 as the form required to inhibit Gal4.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a quantitative real-time RT-PCR method was developed for determining the differential expression of C. rugosa lipase family genes in response to various environmental and nutritional factors.
Abstract: Five lipase genes have been identified and sequenced from Candida rugosa. However, as the sequences of LIP multigene family are extremely closely related, it is difficult to characterize the expression spectrum of LIP genes. In the present work we have cloned, sequenced, and analyzed the promoters of these five LIP isoform genes, and several putative transcriptional elements including oleate response element (ORE) and upstream activation sequence 1 (UAS1) were identified. A quantitative real-time RT-PCR method was developed for determining the differential expression of C. rugosa lipase family genes in response to various environmental and nutritional factors. While all five LIP genes display significant changes in mRNA expression under oleic acid and/or olive oil culture conditions, LIP2 showed the strongest induction (456-fold) in response to oleic acid. LIP transcription and promoter regulation were studied by assaying the beta-galactosidase activities of promoter-lacZ fusions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three of the LIP genes, LIP3, LIP4, and LIP5, showed significant induction by oleic acid, and their ORE and UAS1 elements are essential for induction by oleic acid. Together, this suggests that the multiple lipase expression profiles may be due to differential transcriptional regulation of the LIP genes in response to environment or nutritional factors.
19 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the 5-HT1C receptor was functionally expressed under the promoter activity of the 1.8 kb 5' sequence of its gene, which will be useful for further analysis of the cis-acting elements in the promoter region of the5-HT 1C receptor gene and the trans-acting factors that regulate tissue-specific expression of the receptor.
19 citations
Patent•
24 Mar 1993TL;DR: In this paper, a transcription control element is provided for controlling gene expression in myogenic cells, consisting of an isolated DNA segment having an enhancer activity in cultured cells and in non-cultured cells.
Abstract: A transcription control element is provided for controlling gene expression in myogenic cells The transcription control element comprises an isolated DNA segment having an enhancer activity in cultured cells and in non-cultured myogenic cells The transcription control element is isolated from upstream regions of genes encoding bHLH myogenic regulatory proteins Specifically, an enhancer element from the upstream region of human myoD and an enhancer element from the upstream region of a quail qmf1 are provided These myoblast-specific transcription control elements are capable of significantly increasing the levels of gene expression in myogenic cells and are intended to be applied in gene therapy, using myoblast transfer and microinjection techniques, wherein myoblast-specific gene expression is desired or required
19 citations
Patent•
15 Nov 1988TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose to provide a DNA sequence in which GAL UAS(upstream activating sequence) is arranged near between oppositely oriented heterologous promoters and the transcription is controlled at both of the promoters by the presence of galactose.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a DNA sequence in which GAL UAS(upstream activating sequence) is arranged near between oppositely oriented heterologous promoters and the transcription is controlled at both of the promoters by the presence of galactose. CONSTITUTION: It has been found that the GAL UAS can be used to control branching and transcription of the two exogenous promoters in a hybrid system. When GAL UAS is appropriately inserted between the two promoters lack with the UAS sequence, it has been found that transcription is controlled by the presence of galactose in both of the promoters. On both sides of the two promoters at the distal GAL UAS, the two coding areas placed in the correct reading frames as for its both promoters are further contained under the conditions that they do not relate to GAL1 and GAL10. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO
19 citations