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Upstream activating sequence
About: Upstream activating sequence is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1633 publications have been published within this topic receiving 100112 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that the IE protein did not preferentially activate transcription via a particular type of upstream element, i.e., it did not activate specific upstream factors.
6 citations
TL;DR: Even though the APE1 UAS contains a consensus sequence for the binding of the yeast activator protein yAP1, the two DNA‐protein complexes could still be detected in a strain bearing a deletion in the YAP1 gene.
6 citations
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: Using the genomic sequence of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus sp.
Abstract: Using the genomic sequence of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus sp. OT3, 381 operons and 644 independently regulated genes have been theoretically identified on the basis of the presence or absence of transcription and translation signals upstream of open reading frames, and that of the triplet phasing for combining the purines and pyrimidines inside. Positioned upstream, regions of at shortest 50-60 bps appear to function as promoters for specifically regulating transcription of these 1, 025 units.(Communicated by Masanori OTSUKA, M. J. A., May 12, 2003)
6 citations
TL;DR: There may be an evolutionary relationship between some transcriptional activation sequences in yeast cells and the higher eucaryotic regulatory elements that are tested for upstream activation sequence activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the increases in enzyme activity were correlated with steady-state levels of lacZ-specific mRNA.
Abstract: Ten fragments of higher eucaryotic DNA were tested for upstream activation sequence activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by inserting them upstream of a CYC1::lacZ promoter lacking an upstream activation sequence. Fragments containing the 21-base-pair repeat region, the enhancer of simian virus 40 or both strongly stimulated beta-galactosidase synthesis, and three fragments from the polyomavirus enhancer region stimulated moderate levels. Three of the four controls of random DNA sequences failed to stimulate significant levels, and the fourth stimulated moderate levels. The stimulation in all cases was independent of the orientation of the inserted fragment. Two series of clones were examined in which between one and six tandemly arranged copies of a fragment were inserted into the XhoI site of the vector. Very interestingly, we detected an apparent exponential relationship between the number of copies of a fragment and the amount of beta-galactosidase produced. Southern analysis showed that increases in enzyme activity were not a result of increased plasmid copy number. Rather, quantitative S1 nuclease analysis demonstrated that the increases were correlated with steady-state levels of lacZ-specific mRNA. We suggest that there may be an evolutionary relationship between some transcriptional activation sequences in yeast cells and the higher eucaryotic regulatory elements that we tested.
6 citations
TL;DR: The present study was undertaken to characterize the transcription factors binding at the IEB2/FAR region of the rat insulin II gene and to compare these with factors known to bind to the equivalent sequence in the rat I and human insulin genes.
Abstract: Located at approximately 230 bp upstream from the transcription start site, the insulin enhancer binding site 2 (IEB2) or FAR region of the insulin gene is one of several important sequences involved in regulating transcription of the gene. The present study was undertaken to characterize the transcription factors binding at the IEB2/FAR region of the rat insulin II gene and to compare these with factors known to bind to the equivalent sequence in the rat I and human insulin genes. An endocrine-enriched factor, EFD3, was identified, which bound to the sequence CAGGAG. A second factor (D4) was identified as the widely expressed factor USF (upstream stimulating factor), while a third factor (D5) remained largely uncharacterized. The binding affinities of these three factors differed in the three genes, suggesting that the role of the IEB2/FAR sequence may vary subtly between the rat insulin II, rat insulin I and human insulin genes.
6 citations