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Urban geography
About: Urban geography is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2784 publications have been published within this topic receiving 71423 citations.
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TL;DR: The authors investigate the ways in which geography may matter directly for growth, controlling for economic policies and institutions, as well as the effects of geography on policy choices and institutions and find that location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth, through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity.
Abstract: This paper addresses the complex relationship between geography and macroeconomic growth. We investigate the ways in which geography may matter directly for growth, controlling for economic policies and institutions, as well as the effects of geography on policy choices and institutions. We find that location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth, through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity, among other channels. Furthermore, geography seems to be a factor in the choice of economic policy itself. When we identify geographical regions that are not conducive to modern economic growth, we find that many of these regions have high population density and rapid population increase. This is especially true of populations that are located far from the coast, and thus that face large transport costs for international trade, as well as populations in tropical regions of high disease burden. Furthermore, much of the population increase in the next thirty years is likely to take place in these geographically disadvantaged regions.
2,099 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: Harvey's "Social Justice and the City" as mentioned in this paper is perhaps the most widely cited work in the field of urban geography and is a foundational text in urban geography, now updated to include the essay "The Right to the City". Throughout his distinguished and influential career, David Harvey has defined and redefined the relationship among politics, capitalism and the social aspects of geographical theory.
Abstract: This is a foundational text in urban geography, now updated to include the essay 'The Right to the City'. Throughout his distinguished and influential career, David Harvey has defined and redefined the relationship among politics, capitalism, and the social aspects of geographical theory. Laying out Harvey's position that geography could not remain objective in the face of urban poverty and associated ills, "Social Justice and the City" is perhaps the most widely cited work in the field. Harvey analyzes core issues in city planning and policy - employment and housing location, zoning, transport costs, concentrations of poverty - asking in each case about the relationship between social justice and space. How, for example, do built-in assumptions about planning reinforce existing distributions of income? Rather than leading him to liberal, technocratic solutions, Harvey's line of inquiry pushes him in the direction of a 'revolutionary geography', one that transcends the structural limitations of existing approaches to space. Harvey's emphasis on rigorous thought and theoretical innovation gives the volume an enduring appeal. This is a book that raises big questions, and for that reason geographers and other social scientists regularly return to it.
1,947 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a broad overview of the recent patterns and trends of urban growth in developing countries, and the challenges of achieving sustainable urban development will be particularly formidable in Africa.
1,549 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Graham and Marvin discuss the issues that shape urban form and city life more than infrastructure, which is the most important aspect of urban life. But they focus on infrastructure.
Abstract: Stephen Graham and Simon Marvin. London and New York: Routledge, 2001. ISBN 0-415-18964-0 (cloth); 0-415-18965-9 (paper). Few issues shape urban form and city life more than infrastructure, which u...
1,263 citations
Book•
01 Nov 2013
TL;DR: The New Science of Cities as discussed by the authors proposes to understand cities not simply as places in space but as systems of networks and flows, and to understand flows, we must understand networks, the relations between objects that comprise the system of the city.
Abstract: In The New Science of Cities, Michael Batty suggests that to understand cities we must view them not simply as places in space but as systems of networks and flows. To understand space, he argues, we must understand flows, and to understand flows, we must understand networks -- the relations between objects that comprise the system of the city. Drawing on the complexity sciences, social physics, urban economics, transportation theory, regional science, and urban geography, and building on his own previous work, Batty introduces theories and methods that reveal the deep structure of how cities function.Batty presents the foundations of a new science of cities, defining flows and their networks and introducing tools that can be applied to understanding different aspects of city structure. He examines the size of cities, their internal order, the transport routes that define them, and the locations that fix these networks. He introduces methods of simulation that range from simple stochastic models to bottom-up evolutionary models to aggregate land-use transportation models. Then, using largely the same tools, he presents design and decision-making models that predict interactions and flows in future cities. These networks emphasize a notion with relevance for future research and planning: that design of cities is collective action.
1,077 citations