Topic
Valence (chemistry)
About: Valence (chemistry) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24937 publications have been published within this topic receiving 645252 citations. The topic is also known as: valency.
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TL;DR: The types of structures formed when two or more cations occupy the NaCl unit cell in a non-random manner are reviewed in this article, with reference to the cation arrangement in layers of close-packed octahedra.
Abstract: The types of structures formed when two or more cations occupy
the sodium sites in the NaCl unit cell in a non-random manner are reviewed
with reference to the cation arrangement in layers of close-packed octahedra
and the cation arrangement in the NaCl subcell. Factors influencing the stability
of particular structure types, including bond valence and radius ratios, are
discussed.
113 citations
TL;DR: This is the first time that stable carriers are present in the quantum state of strongly confined quantum dot in ambient conditions, attributed to the rigid shifts of the valence and conduction band with respect to the environment, similar to the sensitivity of the work function of surfaces to adsorbates.
Abstract: HgS nanocrystals show a strong mid-infrared absorption and a bleach of the near-infrared band edge, both tunable in energy and reversibly controlled by exposure to solution ions under ambient conditions. The same effects are obtained by applying a reducing electrochemical potential, confirming that the mid-infrared absorption is the intraband transition of the quantum dot. This is the first time that stable carriers are present in the quantum state of strongly confined quantum dot in ambient conditions. The mechanism by which doping is achieved is attributed to the rigid shifts of the valence and conduction band with respect to the environment, similar to the sensitivity of the work function of surfaces to adsorbates.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the oxidation states of ruthenium on a Pt(1/1)/Ru electrode, and they concluded that the presence of a Ru metallic phase was a prerequisite for effective methanol oxidation electrocatalysis.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present gas phase ultraviolet photoemission spectra of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) and compare them to condensed phase spectra.
Abstract: We present gas phase ultraviolet photoemission spectra of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) and compare them to condensed phase spectra. Contrary to common expectations for organic solids, we observe that the two differ in many details, necessitating a reexamination of our theoretical understanding of the PTCDA electronic structure. Thus, we use density functional theory with several exchange-correlation functionals, as well as the GW method. We find that the local density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation fail to describe the experimental data because of underbound orbitals that are concentrated on the anhydride groups. We show that this is corrected by either a hybrid functional or the GW method and use the results to interpret the experimental data.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) analysis of the atomic-scale structure and morphology of MoS 2 nanoclusters doped with the first-row transition metals: Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu was performed.
113 citations