Topic
Valence (chemistry)
About: Valence (chemistry) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24937 publications have been published within this topic receiving 645252 citations. The topic is also known as: valency.
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109 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the infrared and Raman spectra of XeOF4, IF5, BrF5, and ClF5 have been recorded and assignments of the fundamental vibration and combination frequencies made on the basis of a square pyramid structure for these molecules.
Abstract: The infrared and Raman spectra of XeOF4, IF5, BrF5, and ClF5 have been recorded. The data have been tabulated and assignments of the fundamental vibration and combination frequencies made on the basis of a square‐pyramidal structure for these molecules. Valence force constants, based on estimated molecular parameters, have been calculated for these molecules. Comparisons between the different members of the series show that the bonding in XeOF4 is remarkably similar to that in the interhalogen compounds.
109 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the superconducting transition temperature for compounds in seven different structure types exhibits a peak at about 3.7 to 3.9 valence electrons per atom.
Abstract: It is shown that the superconducting transition temperature for compounds in seven different structure types exhibits a peak at about 3.7 to 3.9 valence electrons per atom.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, modifications and extensions of molecular mechanics are designed to model the electronic effects of the valence d and s electrons in transition metal compounds, leading to severe distortions away from the ideal geometries predicted by simple VSEPR theory.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider nonstoichiometric molecules consisting of only four or five atoms and show the great variety of molecules and bonding that can be derived from this class of seemingly simple species.
Abstract: Most known molecules and compounds follow fixed stoichiometry and can be rationalized on the basis of classical valence theories. However, nonstoichiometric species, particularly in the gas phase, are common. These species cannot be easily understood by classical valence considerations because they do not have the full octet of valence electronssthey are valence unsaturated molecules with dangling bonds. We consider nonstoichiometric molecules consisting of only four or five atoms and show the great variety of molecules and bonding that can be derived from this class of seemingly simple species. We demonstrate that gas-phase photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy using a laser vaporization source and ab initio quantum calculations provide an ideal approach to characterize and understand the structure and bonding of nonstoichiometric molecular and cluster species. Specifically, we review our recent progress in the design and characterization of the first pentaatomic tetracoordinate planar carbon molecules, CAl 4 - , CAl3Si - , CAl3Ge - , and a salt complex, Na + [CAl4 2- ] containing a planar carbon building block. We also review our recent discovery of an all-metal aromatic species, Al4 2- , in a series of bimetallic clusters, M + [Al4 2- ]( M) Cu, Li, Na), as well as the Ga4 2- and In4 2- analogues. We also show the existence of aromaticity in a series of isoelectronic singly charged anions, MAl3 - (M ) Si, Ge, Sn, Pb), and how aromaticity helps stabilize the heterocyclic structure over a pyramidal isomer. We show how, by pursuing and understanding the concept of nonstoichiometry, one can extend the classical valence theory and discover new structures and new types of bonding.
109 citations