Topic
Valency
About: Valency is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1632 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26141 citations.
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TL;DR: The authors investigated the basic syntax of verbal particles in Hungarian, and proposed a two-stage derivation involving phrasal movement, in which the verbal particle first comes to occupy a verb phrase medial position, a stage that is followed by phraseal movement to verb phrase external landing site.
Abstract: This paper investigates the basic syntax of verbal particles in Hungarian, proposing a two-stage syntactic derivation involving phrasal movement. The verbal particle first comes to occupy a verb phrase medial position, a stage that is followed by phrasal movement to a verb phrase external landing site. Here—in neutral clauses—the verbal particle immediately precedes the verb, which is also shown to leave the vP at surface structure. The verb phrase medial position of the verbal particle is identified as the specifier of a PredP flanked between vP and VP, while the verb phrase external landing site is analyzed as the specifier of TP. The adjacency of the particle and the verb is argued to be reducible to the specifier-head configuration they appear in, rather than to syntactic incorporation or to a PF-merger operation.
29 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used optical multiplet energies and fractional parentage intensities to obtain the average valence for samples with four different stoichiometries, and verified that the ground state lies at the Fermi energy.
Abstract: Vacuum-cleaved single crystals of mixed valence TmSe were studied by x-ray photoemission The divalent and trivalent part of the Tm $4f$ spectrum were fitted using optical multiplet energies and fractional parentage intensities From the areas of the divalent and trivalent components we obtained the average valences for samples with four different stoichiometries Comparison of these results with other estimates of the average valence suggest that the x-ray photoemission spectroscopy data are significantly affected by a divalent surface layer However, attempts to demonstrate the reality of this layer by varying the take-off angle were inconclusive It was verified that the ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{2+}$ ground state lies at the Fermi energy, giving a direct proof of the homogeneous character of the mixed valency The location of this multiplet can therefore be used in general to distinguish between homogeneous and inhomogeneous mixed valency
29 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that in evaluating the rates of anodic dissolution processes, it is necessary to consider the influence of the positive and negative difference effects; otherwise ions going into solution with uncommon valency may be found.
Abstract: It is shown that in evaluating the rates of anodic dissolution processes it is necessary to consider the influence of the positive and negative difference effects; otherwise ions going into solution with uncommon valency may be found. Scale fragments detached from an aluminum anode by the current passing through it could be seen. The hypothesis of valence change of ions while a current is passing through the anode does not explain all observed facts, but they can be well explained by the theory developed for the positive and negative difference effects.
29 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the results of measurements of X-ray photoelectron and infrared absorption spectra in the manganese oxides La0.5-xBixCa 0.5MnO3 (x=0, 0.05,0.15, 0.,2, 0,25) are presented.
29 citations