Topic
Valency
About: Valency is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1632 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26141 citations.
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25 citations
TL;DR: The off-stoichiometric manganite has formally the same mixed manganese valency as compounds such as (, there is no resistivity peak at and no giant magnetoresistance).
Abstract: Treating off-stoichiometric in hydrogen transforms its electrical and magnetic properties. The untreated material is a ferromagnetic narrow-gap semiconductor () whereas the near-stoichiometric reduced material is an antiferromagnetic insulator ). Although the off-stoichiometric manganite has formally the same mixed manganese valency as compounds such as (, there is no resistivity peak at and no giant magnetoresistance. The difference may be due to potential fluctuations associated with cation vacancies.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the influence of exchangeable cations on the compressibility of a marine clay and found that the properties of marine clays are significantly affected by the valence and size of the adsorbed cations.
Abstract: The type of cations present in the adsorbed double layer of any clayey soil can significantly control the soil's compressibility. This technical note examines the influence of exchangeable cations on the compressibility of a marine clay. An experimental investigation of the compressibility properties of marine clays with a series of monovalent, divalent, and trivalent cations revealed large differences in behavior. The exchangeable cations employed in this study were sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), ammonium (NH4+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), and aluminum (Al3+) in order of increasing valency. The results indicate that the compressibility properties are significantly affected by the valence and size of the adsorbed cations. An increase in valency leads to a reduction in compression index, and at a constant valency an increase in the hydrated radii of the adsorbed cations resulted in an increase in compressibility. Further, it has been found that preconsolidation pressure increases with valency of the ...
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the atomic charges, valencies and bond orders in six H-bonded systems, (H2O)2, (HF)2 and HnFn+1− (n = 1 to 4) have been calculated using 4-31G, 6-31 G* and 6- 31G** (only in the case of (HF)/HF2−) basis sets and employing definitions based on Mulliken and Lowdin SCF density matrices.
Abstract: Atomic charges, valencies and bond orders in six H-bonded systems, (H2O)2, (HF)2 and HnFn+1− (n = 1 to 4) have been calculated using 4-31G, 6-31G* and 6-31G** (only in the case of (HF)2 and HF2−) basis sets and employing definitions based on Mulliken and Lowdin SCF density matrices. The definitions based on the former and the 6-31G* basis set are found to give results in conformity with the classical valence theory. The covalent bonding is highly exaggerated by the alternative definitions based on the Lowdin density matrix. The H-bond formation is found to be accompanied by decrease in total valency, and the valency and atomic charge of bridging hydrogen. A clear distinction between normal and strong H-bonding can be made on the basis of bond order and overlap population of the intermolecular HX (X = F or O) bonds and the amount of charge transferred from the proton acceptor to the donor molecule.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors illustrate how bond order and valency can be retrieved from MO calculations and give examples for several simple molecules, such as polycyclic molecules, for instance.
Abstract: These authors illustrate how bond order and valency can be "retrieved" from MO calculations and give examples for several simple molecules.
25 citations