Showing papers on "Value chain published in 2009"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the state-of-the-art of servitization by presenting a clinical review of literature currently available on the topic and provide a useful platform on which to base more in-depth research into the broader topic of service-led competitive strategy.
Abstract: – The purpose of this paper is to report the state‐of‐the‐art of servitization by presenting a clinical review of literature currently available on the topic. The paper aims to define the servitization concept, report on its origin, features and drivers and give examples of its adoption along with future research challenges., – In determining the scope of this study, the focus is on articles that are central and relevant to servitization within a wider manufacturing context. The methodology consists of identifying relevant publication databases, searching these using a wide range of key words and phrases associated with servitization, and then fully reviewing each article in turn. The key findings and their implications for research are all described., – Servitization is the innovation of an organisation's capabilities and processes to shift from selling products to selling integrated products and services that deliver value in use. There are a diverse range of servitization examples in the literature. These tend to emphasize the potential to maintain revenue streams and improve profitability., – Servitization does not represent a panacea for manufactures. However, it is a concept of significant potential value, providing routes for companies to move up the value chain and exploit higher value business activities. There is little work to date that can be used to help practitioners., – This paper provides a useful review of servitization and a platform on which to base more in‐depth research into the broader topic of service‐led competitive strategy by drawing on the work from other related research communities.
1,397 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the causal linkages among supply chain management (SCM) practice, competition capability, the level of supply chain integration, and firm performance are examined, and a framework for linking a firm's SC integration strategy to its competitive strategy is developed to identify how such linkage can be connected to the improvement of organizational performance.
374 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a case study of South African wine shows that better product quality, improved processes, and some functional upgrading have co-existed with processes of "downgrading,” higher risks, and limited rewards, especially in traditional export markets.
307 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical framework of supply chain process integration is developed, based on four theories: Strategy-Structure-Performance framework, resource-based view of the firm, transaction cost economics, and social network analysis.
Abstract: The current study was undertaken to further understanding of supply chain process integration. It is suggested that supply chain integration, the practice of realigning firms' operating structures, should be understood from an internal-external perspective and a process view. Drawing upon four theories—Strategy-Structure-Performance framework, the resource based view of the firm, transaction cost economics, and social network analysis—and combining industry inputs, a theoretical framework of supply chain process integration is developed. It is argued that a firm's strategic priorities are key factors of supply chain process integration. Superior performance is likely to be achieved when necessary supply chain capabilities are developed through supply chain process integration.
290 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Srivastava et al. proposed that market-based assets and capabilities of a firm impacts performance in three market-facing business processes (new product development, supply-chain and customer management), which in turn, influence the firm's financial performance.
Abstract: While there is recognition that market-based capabilities contribute to a firm’s financial performance, the exposition is largely conceptual (Srivastava et al. Journal of Marketing 62:2–18, 1998; Journal of Marketing 63:168–179, 1999). Using a resource based view of the firm, the present study proposes that (1) market-based assets and capabilities of a firm impacts (2) performance in three market-facing business processes (new product development, supply-chain and customer management), which in turn, influence (3) the firm’s financial performance. It develops related hypotheses and tests the framework empirically. The study also examines for the first time the interrelationship among the three business processes and their impact on the market value of firms. Further, the study examines the moderating influence of two organizational variables—size and age of the firm. Overall, the major contribution of the study is that it offers a process linkage between capabilities, process performance and financial performance. The results of this research will provide strategic insights to managers on optimal customer management, product development and supply chain strategies.
282 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the impacts of energy policies on industry growth in renewable energy were investigated and the results indicated that there are increased industrial opportunities in renewable energies to be captured not only by large countries or through large public resources, but also smaller countries can gain success through clever policies and optimal managing of the commercialization process.
282 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a theoretical model that identifies and frames four sustainable supply chain governance (SSCG) models, resulting from combinations of supply chain network density and centrality of the focal organizations.
Abstract: Although the characteristics and advantages of interorganizational governance models based on extensive collaboration are well established in the literature, inquiry has only recently extended to sustainable supply chain management, highlighting the potential benefits of combining the integration of social and environmental issues concerning the supply chain with governance models based on joint decision making and extensive cooperation. Yet, firms still differ in both the pervasiveness of such collaborative approaches along the value chain and the extent to which sustainability issues are addressed to the advantage of all parties involved. In an attempt to predict variety in the governance models related to sustainability along the value chain, we propose a theoretical model that identifies and frames four sustain- able supply chain governance (SSCG) models, resulting from combinations of supply chain network density and centrality of the focal organizations. We show how, as centrality increases, firms are able to exert influence over their network, coordinating integrated approaches along the value chain. Moreover, as high centrality combines with increasing interconnectedness of the actors within a supply chain network, instrumental approaches are progressively replaced by more relational attitudes aimed at joint value creation among partners. Conditions for SSCG models’ success and the main benefits gained by firms in different structural contexts are also discussed.
225 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a case-based approach is used to demonstrate how supply chain financial management techniques, such as cash-to-cash and shared weighted average cost of capital (WACC), can reduce the financial costs experience by a supply chain.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how firm financial management techniques may be used to improve over all supply chain profitability and performance.Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a case‐based approach to demonstrate how supply chain financial management techniques, such as cash‐to‐cash and shared weighted average cost of capital (WACC), can reduce the financial costs experience by a supply chain.Findings – This paper provides a methodology to identify and quantify the potential opportunities to increase profitability throughout the supply. Scenarios are offered that illuminate potential supply chain improvements gained by collaborative management of cash‐to‐cash cycles and sharing WACC with trading partners.Research limitations/implications – These financial techniques are readily available for use in collaborative supply chain structures.Practical implications – Coordinating financial management across the supply chain is a potential tool to align and improve the financial p...
216 citations
TL;DR: This article examined the factors affecting Chinese firms' adoption of IT-enabled supply chain operations and the benefits they achieve, by drawing from and integrating the resource-based and institutional theoretic perspectives.
210 citations
31 Dec 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue for the collection of new statistics, in addition to reworking and linking existing data sets, in order to analyze global value chains more directly and provide a better map of the value chain, reveal the roles that domestic establishments, firms, and industries play within GVCs.
Abstract: This article contributes to an assessment of the scholarly work of Sanjaya Lall, especially as it relates to improved measures of industrial upgrading and technological learning. We argue for the collection of new statistics, in addition to reworking and linking existing data sets. Changes in the global economy, especially the rise of global value chains (GVCs), have created measurement problems that require not only continued innovation in the use of existing data sources, but also the development and deployment of new measures that analyze GVCs more directly. Specifically, we advocate for the collection of establishment-level economic data according to business functions. Data collected according to a standardized set of generic business functions can provide researchers and policymakers with a better map of the value chain, reveal the roles that domestic establishments, firms, and industries play within GVCs, and offer a unique view of the competitive pressures facing domestic firms and industries.
175 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a research model that defines the interrelationships between strategic green orientation, integrated product development, supply chain coordination, green performance outcomes and business unit performance.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a research model that defines the inter‐relationships between strategic green orientation, integrated product development, supply chain coordination, green performance outcomes and business unit performance. This paper aims to address innovation issues by integrating strategic orientation, internal business practices, supply chain coordination, and performance outcomes measures.Design/methodology/approach – The international data of 711 firms accessed through the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS IV) are used to validate this model.Findings – A firm's strategic green orientation involves past green practices, implementation of innovative environment improvement program and future commitment for environmental practices. This strategic green orientation is supported by a set of inter‐organizational innovation practices such as integrated product development practices, effective coordination of supply chain network and relevant and measurable ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an integrated supply chain performance measurement framework for the case of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) using set of qualitative and quantitative insights gained during the case study research.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated supply chain performance measurement framework for the case of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) using set of qualitative and quantitative insights gained during the case study research.Design/methodology/approach – This paper develops the supply chain performance measurement framework using the facts revealed through case study analysis, secondary data specific to various SME clusters in India and detailed contemporary studies reported on supply chain management in SMEs. It integrates the salient features of balanced scorecard (BSC) and supply chain operation reference (SCOR) model to deliver a comprehensive performance measurement framework for SMEs.Findings – This paper reports set of performance indicators for the supply chain processes like “source,” “make,” and “deliver” in SMEs. It also relates the measures with various supply chain cycles like “procurement,” “manufacturing,” “replenishment,” and “customer order.” As a result, ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the possible linkage between strategic alignment and traditional competitive priorities in the supply chain, and the type of interactions with suppliers, by measuring the difference between customer's requirements and the emphasis that the organization puts on these same requirements in dealing with its suppliers.
Abstract: Purpose – Over the last decade, competition in the manufacturing sector has increased as globalization and customer requirements have evolved. Now, organizations are competing not only with their internal capabilities but also on their abilities to leverage capabilities in the supply chain. Recent studies suggest that strategic alignment in the supply chain, assessed by the degree of matching between supply management and market requirements, is critical for the success of organizations in the global marketplace. The purpose of this paper is to examine the possible linkage between strategic alignment (or lack of) in the supply chain, based on the traditional competitive priorities (i.e. cost, quality, flexibility and delivery), and the type of interactions with suppliers.Design/methodology/approach – Strategic alignment in the supply chain was measured by the difference between customer's requirements and the emphasis that the organization puts on these same requirements in dealing with its suppliers. The...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the balance of co-operative and competitive forces in R&D projects is made through the careful alignment of three variables: project knowledge attributes, project governance structure (internal development, co-operation or contracting), and project partner selection (firm or university).
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors apply convention theory to the analysis of governance in the value chain for South African wine, and analyse how wine quality conventions applied in the UK are translated in South Africa into specific functional divisions of labour and supply relations, themselves underpinned by local configurations of quality conventions.
Abstract: Global value chain (GVC) analysis examines the dynamics of economic globalisation and international trade. The concept of GVC governance illustrates how ‘lead firms’ achieve certain functional divisions of labour along a value chain ‐ resulting in specific allocations of resources and distributions of gains. In this article I argue that agro-food lead firms do not govern chains solely on the basis of buyer power, market share, and/or economies of scale or scope but also through normative work. In order to do so, I apply convention theory to the analysis of governance in the value chain for South African wine. I analyse how wine quality conventions applied in the UK are translated in South Africa into specific functional divisions of labour and supply relations, themselves underpinned by local configurations of quality conventions. The case study of wine suggests that lead firms are able to drive a value chain only when industrial and market conventions are dominant, such as in basic quality wine. These conventions are more portable and thus easier to transmit at a distance. Where other, less portable, conventions are more important in discovering quality, as in mid-range and top quality wines, the value chain is much more fragmented and less driven.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide hypotheses and tests them and conclude that learning internationalization processes are different in Chinese and Indian MNEs, and provide explanations for the different patterns.
Abstract: China and India are emerging as major entrants into the international software industry. Both are rapidly learning through outsourcing with multinational enterprises (MNEs) from advanced nations, yet their paths to this dynamic sector are very different. Chinese software firms have focused on their domestic market by working with foreign MNEs, while they move cautiously abroad. Indian firms, which are already large, continue to expand overseas as well as to climb the value chain. Different approaches to MNEs provide useful perspectives. At the same time, the innovation systems approach is necessary to explain the foundations of the industry. The article provides hypotheses and tests them. It concludes that learning internationalization processes are different in Chinese and Indian MNEs, and provides explanations for the different patterns.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss and empirically test the assertion that over the last two decades multinational enterprises' configuration of value-add activities has shifted from a sparse and simple (host-home) international division of labor among the foreign affiliates to a more specialized and "advanced" global value chain configuration in which MNEs locate fine-sliced parts of the value chain at the most efficient locations.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight four major issues that need to be highlighted: flawless execution of operations, the change from supply to demand focus, outsourcing and supply base development, and partnership implementation.
Abstract: By focusing on the management of entire value chains, supply chain management has gained increasing popularity in management research and in the teaching of global businesses. The right practices can take companies to great heights; lack of attention can draw companies close to peril. In teaching supply chain management to business executives, there are four major issues that need to be highlighted: flawless execution of operations, the change from supply to demand focus, outsourcing and supply base development, and partnership implementation. This article explains these four issues, and the material that is developed at IMD to teach each of them.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the relationship between business environment characteristics, competitive priorities, supply chain structures, and firm business performance and find that the differences in both strategic and supply chain responses to business environment between high and low performing firms in the US textile manufacturing industry are striking.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the relationships between four constructs – business environment characteristics, competitive priorities, supply chain structures, and firm business performance.Design/methodology/approach – By establishing a conceptual model and conducting structural equation modeling analysis using collected industrial survey data, the study provides a systemic understanding of the relationships between the individual business environment characteristics, the individual competitive priorities and supply chain structures, and the impact of alignment between these elements on firm business performance.Findings – Results of the study reveal that the differences in both strategic and supply chain responses to business environment between high‐ and low‐performing firms in the US textile manufacturing industry are striking. The findings provide evidence to corroborate the impact of the alignment between business environment characteristics, competitive priorities, and supply chain structur...
TL;DR: In this article, a case study of the Swedish food supply chain indicates that environmental information is perceived and used differently by purchasers in the supply chain depending on where they are situated in relation to other chain actors.
Abstract: Within the field of green supply chain management (GSCM), an interest in supply chain cooperation to create sustainable competitive advantage, i.e. the collaborative paradigm, has made researchers turn their attention to information related aspects of the supply chain. This study contributes to an understanding of a suboptimal use of environmental information, which is critical for all collaborative efforts aiming at sustainable competitive advantage. The aim of this article is to describe the use of environmental information at different stages of the Swedish food supply chain. The results from this case study of the Swedish food supply chain indicate that environmental information is perceived and used differently by purchasers in the supply chain depending on where (in the supply chain) they are situated in relation to other chain actors. The main contribution of this study is the suggestion of a stage-dependent connection between perceived environmental cost and perceived environmentally informed consumer demand, which are barriers to GSCM practice discussed in recent GSCM literature. The missing link between information sharing and (environmental) performance of supply chains is explained as distance to end-consumer in terms of supply chain stages. Implications for GSCM practice and theory are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a framework for supply chain management and highlight supporting material and pedagogy, and classify popular supply chain case studies within their framework and provide useful References to recent business press treatment of these issues.
Abstract: The rise of global markets and increasingly virtual companies has focused management attention on competition between supply chains. Many schools of management and engineering are adopting integrated curricula that prepare students to design and manage the resulting complex global web of material and information flows. In this paper, we examine the curricula used by many top engineering and graduate business schools for courses in supply chain management. We present a framework for supply chain management and highlight supporting material and pedagogy. We also classify popular supply chain case studies within our framework and provide useful References to recent business press treatment of these issues.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the issues, tradeoffs, and models relating to two important sets of problems that arise in supply chain management - complexities in extended supply chains and network coordination in globally dispersed supply chains.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the issues, tradeoffs, and models relating to two important sets of problems that arise in supply chain management – complexities in extended supply chains and network coordination in globally dispersed supply chains. This paper highlights the role of logistics in enhancing the competitiveness of firms that operate a global supply chain.Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used in this paper encompasses conceptual research and detailed literature review of key issues.Findings – This review indicates that the key challenges faced by supply chain managers due to extended supply chains are non‐stationary demand, variability propagation, and inventory imbalances. For network coordination managers must determine the role of facilities in a global network, identify the optimal location and capacity of facilities as well as role of consolidation hubs. For the above challenges, the tradeoffs in terms of four key drivers of supply chain performance – tran...
TL;DR: In this paper, a literature review of 150 recent publications and interviews among 33 industry, academic and customs experts, a survey was designed and conducted to collect current and potential change drivers in global supply chains.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to systematically document drivers of change and the implications they will have on international supply chain management in the coming two decades.Design/methodology/approach – This study was commissioned by the World Customs Organization (WCO) at the end of June 2006. Because of increased trade volumes, emerging complex supply networks and heightened security concerns, the WCO saw the need to assess future trends and drivers in supply chain management. The Delphi method was applied to identify a set of foreseeable drivers of change and to assess their predicted impact on global supply chain management in the coming ten to 20 years. Based on a literature review of 150 recent publications and interviews among 33 industry, academic and customs experts, a survey was designed and conducted to collect current and potential change drivers in global supply chains. These drivers were compiled and prioritized by an eclectic team of 12 specialists.Findings – The main results of the study ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an approach that two leading supply chain companies have used to identify and design alternative supply chain solutions according to their customers' demand chains, and describe industry best practice.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to present an approach that two leading supply chain companies have used to identify and design alternative supply chain solutions according to their customers' demand chainsDesign/methodology/approach – The paper describes industry best practiceFindings – The supplier of telecommunications equipment found that by deploying three different supply chains that corresponded to three types of customers' demand chains it could simultaneously improve customer satisfaction and effectiveness The supplier of fasteners found it could serve its different industrial customers with essentially two supply chain designsResearch limitations/implications – This is a practical best practice description and does not aim to contribute to academic research However, there are no academic contributions on procedures for supply chain re‐design according to customer demand chains Thus, the best practice described in the paper implies a need for research on this type of supply chain customizationPr
Book•
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: Pryke et al. as mentioned in this paper presented a survey of the UK construction industry's supply chain management, focusing on three main aspects: innovation, knowledge sharing, and learning to learn. But they did not consider the role of external stakeholders in the development of supply chains.
Abstract: Contributors. Preface. Acknowledgements. Chapter 1 Introduction ( Stephen Pryke ). 1.1 Supply Chain Management - What Is It? 1.2 Supply Chain Management and Project Management. 1.3 Origins of SCM in Construction. 1.4 Overview of the Book. 1.5 Summary. PART A: CONCEPTS. Chapter 2 The Concept and Development of Supply Chain Management in the UK Construction Industry ( Roy Morledge, Andrew Knight and Mohieddin Grada ). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Characteristics of Construction Industry. 2.3 Government Initiatives in the Construction Industry. 2.4 The Historical Development of Supply Chain Management. 2.5 The Concept of Supply Chain Management. 2.6 The Application of Supply Chain Management Techniques in the Construction Industry. 2.7 Supply Chain Challenges. 2.8 Conclusion. Chapter 3 Culture in Supply Chains ( Richard Fellows ). 3.1 Introduction - Context. 3.2 Culture. 3.3 Dimensions of Culture. 3.4 Values and Value. 3.5 Ethics. 3.6 Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). 3.7 Teams and Teamwork. 3.8 (Strategic) Alliances. 3.9 Supply Chain Participants and Behaviour. 3.10 Conclusion. Chapter 4 Learning to Co-operate and Co-operating to Learn: Knowledge, Learning and Innovation in Construction Supply Chains ( Mike Bresnen ). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Supply Chain Management: Innovation, Knowledge Sharing and Organisational Learning. 4.3 SCM in the Construction Industry. 4.4 Innovation, Knowledge Sharing and Learning in Construction Supply Chains. 4.5 Situated Learning and Implications for Project-Based Supply Chains. 4.6 Conclusion. Chapter 5 Marketing and Pricing Strategy ( Marti n Skitmore and Hedley Smyth ). 5.1 Definitions and Difference. 5.2 Collaboration. 5.3 Added Value. 5.4 Profitability and Repeat Business. 5.5 Conclusion. PART B: APPLICATION AND CASE STUDIES. Chapter 6 Risk Management and the Supply Chain ( Andrew Edkins ). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Placing the UK Construction Industry in Context. 6.3 Supply Chains and Risk. 6.4 Supply Relationships. 6.5 Risk and Supply. 6.6 Managing Risks in the Supply Chain. 6.7 Supply Chain Management and PFI. 6.8 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 7 Slough Estates in the 1990s - Client Driven SCM ( Bernard Rimmer ). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Slough Estates' Experiences of Procurement Analysed in Terms of SCM. 7.3 Infl uences of Industry Reports. 7.4 Slough Estates SCM Initiatives and Results. 7.5 Summary and Conclusions. Chapter 8 From Heathrow Express to Heathrow Terminal 5: BAA's Development of Supply Chain Management ( Keith Pott s ). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Heathrow Express High Speed Rail Link. 8.3 Continuous Improvement of the Project Process (CIPP). 8.4 SCM at BAA: 'The Genesis Project'. 8.5 BAA Initiatives. 8.6 Best Practice - Framework Agreements. 8.7 Motivations and infl uences. 8.8 SCM on Heathrow T5. 8.9 Conclusions. Chapter 9 Supply Chain Management: A Main Contractor's Perspective ( Andrew P. King and Marn C. Pitt ). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Supply Chain Management. 9.3 Methodology. 9.4 Analysis. 9.5 Conclusion. Chapter 10 Franchising the Supply Chain ( Hedley Smyth ). 10.1 Towards Controlling the Supply Chain. 10.2 Conceptualising Franchising. 10.3 Conclusion. Chapter 11 Conclusion ( Stephen Pryke ). 11.1 Supply Chain Management in Construction. 11.2 Final Thoughts and the Future of SCM in Construction. 11.3 In Conclusion. 11.4 Next Steps. Index.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantified four value chains of the highly valuable agarwood sourced in Lao People's Democratic Republic, by looking at the actors involved and the different stages from harvesting to retail, and incorporating both legal and illegal activities.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the current understanding in the academic literature of the intra-organisational dimension of relational capabilities, focussing on the adoption of internal mechanisms supporting international sourcing activities.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the development of a value-based performance measurement concept in supply chains on the basis of a case study from the packaging industry and identified different gaps that require further research in the area of managerial accounting and performance measurement in supply chain.
Abstract: This article investigates the development of a value-based performance measurement concept in supply chains on the basis of a case study from the packaging industry. The value-based view offers a direct link between operating supply chain activities and shareholder value creation expressed in the economic value added (EVA®). The present article differs from previous examinations of performance measurement since it consequently matches the operative key performance indicators directly via value drivers to the ultimate measure of the value generation of a company. In addition, the article identifies different gaps that require further research in the area of managerial accounting and performance measurement in supply chains.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the relationship between time and cost in supply chain processes and demonstrate how product costs accumulate in the supply chain, through the use of an industrial case study.
TL;DR: The strategic design of supply chains can be analysed building on recent theory development in operations management, which integrating various concepts from operations strategy and management allows five strategic decision fields in supply chain management to be outlined.