Showing papers on "Value engineering published in 2021"

Artificial Intelligence for Developing Accurate Preliminary Cost Estimates for Composite Flooring Systems of Multi-Storey Buildings

Abstract: In a decision-making study, design alternatives are compared with respect to cost, performance, and reliability, and the best is selected. Often, due to the time constraints imposed by the design s...

Case Study on BIM and Value Engineering Integration for Construction Cost Control

Abstract: Construction projects consume a considerable amount of resources and funding Cost control is an essential process to attain project success and enhance its value Many studies have been dedicated to studying how value engineering (VE) can be used to control construction costs However, limited studies can be found on the integration of building information modelling (BIM) and VE for better cost control and optimization The main purpose of this study is to determine how BIM can be integrated with VE and illustrate the benefits of this integration The study proposed a framework based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy method to calculate the weight and coefficient A case study method of a high-rise building project in China was used to validate the framework and demonstrate how BIM can be integrated with VE The data were collected through document analysis, interviews, and a questionnaire survey targeted on project participants The findings show that the integration of BIM in VE facilitates design modification and information extraction such as cost data Using this approach showed a saving of 10% in project cost and duration Besides, the overall quality and performance of the project have been enhanced The findings show the significance of integrating BIM and VE to enhance building project functionality and performance before, during, and after the construction stage This study contributes to providing empirical evidence of the advantages of this integrated approach including a better understanding of project components and requirements, easy access to project data, comprehensive weight and function analysis, easy validation of recommended solutions, and ability to virtually evaluate design changes and construction site planning

Legal aspect of value engineering implementation in Jakarta (Indonesia) construction projects

Abstract: In Jakarta (Indonesia) there are regulations on value engineering (VE), but the implementation in construction project somehow still grows slowly. Therefore, in-depth interviews to Indonesian VE ex...

A Review on the Role of Risk Management (RM) and Value Engineering (VE) Tools for Project Successful Delivery

Abstract: Both in developed and in developing countries, the construction industry is regarded as an economic investment activity without forgetting its significant relationship with national economic development due to its great contributions to the national gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. Concerning construction processes, both risk management (RM) and value engineering (VE) techniques have commonalities from the beginning up to the completion of the project due to enhancing the project value/quality, meeting the project deadline, and reducing overall project cost. VE includes resolving the uncertainty of project objectives and ensuring that the project is delivered in a value for money way. The key point of RM is to solve the uncertainty of the project itself and its results to ensure that the specifications are achieved within the prescribed time, cost, and quality constraints. This review work is comparatively and collectively focused on assessing the role of RM and VE tools for project successful delivery. It studies the points of difference and common features of the two aspects in terms of construction project delivery. So, this study concluded that in construction RM tool cannot be the chief aim of the all parties involved in the project execution because sometimes it produces itself negative results and reduces project management success. Therefore, RM needs a strong combination with VE due to the dependence of the target in identifying and assessing risks by considering the highest performance and lowest cost. The integration of RM and VE combination in a single study would avoid duplication of work and deliver better value for money thereby leading to better project outcomes.

Product design simplification to increase competitiveness with a value engineering approach to the wastafel flean industry

Abstract: The strength of international competitiveness encourages companies to do optimization. Therefore, the increase in productivity which improves competitiveness must be done. The purpose of this study is to look for the best solution to optimize designs with the best value and cheapest engineering approach that can be executed on the sink faucet production. After a value engineering, obtained high-cost items such as components with brass/metal, local and imported material. Then look for alternative designs with cost criteria, namely Life Circle Cost (LCC) and the Initial Cost as well as with zero one non-cost criteria matrix and pairs matrix. The result obtained a design that qualifies for the product by replacing the faucet's construction and dimensions but still meets the requirements of comfort, functionality, and safety in use. With this alternative earned savings of 19.6% of the total cost.

Indexing Model Based on Vector Normalization Available for Value Engineering in Building Materials

Abstract: Value engineering is a method of selecting the optimum design by evaluating the value of the original design and the alternative design. However, if the function score and the cost score of the evaluation subject are indexed, the range of the function index, the cost index and the value index calculated according to the functional attribute and the cost attribute may vary. The client is confused in the decision-making process of selecting the optimum design because the calculation range of the function, cost and value scores are different according to the evaluation subject. The necessity of indexing the cost score and the function score has been constantly raised, but it has been regarded as a difficult problem. This study presents a model that can index the function, cost and value scores using vector normalization method. Additionally, by applying this study model to the case of selecting finishing materials for the office automation floor of a building, the consistency of the study model was verified.

Analysis of Key Success Factors on the Improvement Façade Performance of High-Rise Hotels Based on Green Building and Value Engineering Using the RII Method

Abstract: Background: From a total of 180 countries in the world, Indonesia is ranked 116th in the EPI data ranking. This EPI ranking shows data on a country with a success rate in overcoming environmental challenges. This paper describes the innovative design of a high-rise hotel building that carries a green building concept. Which utilizes the outer wall area of the hotel building as an object in this study. Methods: Application of the work analyzed will be carried out through a VE workshop study and implementation of green building methods. The data process was carried out using qualitative methods, namely analyzing research based on green building and value engineering. Result and Conclusion: The results of the statistical analysis of RII show that F count > F table means H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, where there is a significant relationship between green building methods and value engineering with facade work in high-rise hotels. The results of the engineering value and function analysis of the facade work through case study analysis where the percentage of facade work is ≤ 6.21%, with the use of PhotoVoltaic (PV) material as much as 100% (1st floor to 10th floor) from 2 sides of the wall surface facade (east and west) can produce ± 1,050 KVA of electricity from PLTS and can reduce electricity usage from PLN by 991 KVA, from the total electricity demand of hotels which reaches 2,041 KVA, meaning that it reduces by 47.32%.

Proposed Systemic Method for Selecting Finishing Materials for Building Flooring Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Abstract: Material selection is a crucial factor in decision-making for any construction project and is viewed as a challenging and complex task given the full range of material selections available. When going through the process of material selection, one must consider the environmental, social, and economic impacts that a specific selection may entail on the sustainability of the project at one hand as well as consider and the value engineering components of the selections in terms of functionality, quality, and cost. Floor finishing materials can have a significant impact on the cost, aesthetics, and quality of any construction project. Therefore, it is necessary to find a systemic approach to handle this process efficiently. One such method can be made using modern and sophisticated engineering software such as building information models (BIM) when considering all the factors listed above. The goal of this paper is to develop a framework for selecting finishing materials for building flooring using building information modeling (BIM) and value engineering concepts with considering a sustainable rating system.

Evaluation and selection of the quality of internal doors for buildings using building information modeling building information modeling (BIM)

Abstract: The selection of building materials from various available alternatives is a critical process affected by many complicated factors. Every single element in a building has a specific function to perform. This necessitates a proper selection of material from the various available alternatives, which generally differ in their quality, performance, and cost. To make the most practical choice, the owner wants the building's function to perform with maximum quality at the minimum possible cost, and this is the principle of value engineering. Therefore, a determination has been made to identify the criteria impacting selecting each element and how close it is to achieving the project's goal. Each alternative has been evaluated, and its quality, and cost scores have been calculated. Implementing a value engineering process is challenging, and it needs much effort and many brainstorming sessions to be achieved. Therefore, this study has proposed a framework to automate the value engineering process and integrate it into selecting building materials. Moreover, this process was accelerated and facilitated by using innovative computer technology such as building information modeling (BIM) that has been widely used in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry. The scientific paper touched on determining the evaluation of the elements of choosing the doors and determining the criteria affecting their quality by conducting a field survey with specialized engineers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to know the factors affecting the selection of doors. The scientific paper also reviewed the case study of a hospital buildingwhere the elements of the building's internal doors are chosen from among eight alternatives using the proposed evaluation processes. And then, chose the building information model as a database that facilitates information entry and selected from the available alternatives. The results were shown automatically and gave a summary of them. The research results showed the six most important criteria affecting the process of selecting interior doors for buildings: fire resistance, acoustic insulation, humidity resistance, aesthetic, durability, and maintenance. Based on this study, the best alternative for interior doors to buildings will be chosen from among the eight available alternatives. This methodology will make it easier for the decision-maker to choose the appropriate section according to the previous criteria. Key words: Alternatives, factors, criteria, value engineering, BIM, fire resistance, acoustic insulation, humidity resistance, aesthetic, durability, maintenance.

Implementation of Value Engineering in Iraq Opportunities and Obstacles (Case Study)

Abstract: The performance of the construction sector in Iraq suffers both price fluctuations and inaccurate estimations. Thus, the need for the development of engineering management is of paramount importance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities for implementing value engineering technique as a tool of construction management in Iraq. Moreover, to develop an overarching framework for the decision-making in construction projects. Analysing an actual case study, the Islamic sciences college at the University of Fallujah, highlighted that the value engineering is an applicable strategy in Iraq since its clear, concise, and obtaining results rapidly. A better alternative was suggested increasing durability and decreasing time and cost consumption. A precast concrete system slightly better than the steel structure due to the factors and conditions of the market. As a result, enhancing rigidity, thermal and sound isolation and code compatibility were the most essential criteria to be considered in such cases.

Application of value engineering in affordable housing in india

Abstract: A major challenge for the Indian government is the rapid growth of the urban population, leading to housing shortages and poor urban living conditions. The current need-based housing shortage in the country is about 19 million units as per the 2011 census. The government has introduced many affordable housing schemes that focus on meeting the shortage of housing needs. Excess cost management needs to be planned from the initial stages of design during the building's project life. Value engineering is an effective problem-solving approach that minimizes prices while preserving and improving performance and quality requirements. Ve process's success lies in its ability to find ways to reduce redundant expenses while maintaining efficiency, reliability, performance, and other critical elements that reach or surpass the standards of the client. This study aims at understanding the application of value engineering in affordable housing to optimize cost, time and quality thus increasing overall value of the project. Two case studies of different scale of housing projects are considered, it has been found out that on replacing a material with similar functions, helps reduce the cost of the project and add to the value of the project. This research will provide an overview of benefits of strong value engineering and use of alternative materials to enhance the efficiency of a project.

Assessments of Barriers to Implementing Cost Control and Optimal Cost Reduction Techniques in Construction Projects: A Case Study of Egypt

Abstract: The earned value management is a leading technique in monitoring and analyzing project performance and project progress. To fill the gap of limited researches for studying factors inhibiting the ability of contractors to effectively control their projects, a survey was conducted on 22 construction project organizations. It was noted that most project managers and contractors in Egypt find difficulty in controlling project costs due to problems which include Change order, Changes in the design, Errors in the design, current economic situation deterioration, Delay project and Rising prices of materials. Main objectives of this paper are; 1) Identify and prioritize main problems for lack of techniques which cause poor management of cost control with poor site organization and inadequate supervision. 2) Demonstrate the modified Activity Based Costing system as best choices for cost accounting approach for determining construction project accurate cost. To improve capital project cost schedule and predictability using project control system for monitoring and predicting the construction project outcomes. The detailed scope of control systems must base on complexity, size and sensitivity strategy of studied project.

The role of value engineering in reducing the costs of constructing governmental housing.

Abstract: The research reviews the concept of governmental housing in Egypt, its types and development, and the most important challenges facing the state to provide housing units of high quality at reasonable prices that meet the needs and aspirations of users, and identify the most important design requirements for the housing unit by reviewing the design standards according to the unified Egyptian building law to ensure that housing projects meet the needs of users. Identify the value engineering methodology and the importance of its application to various government housing projects, due to its significant impacts on the level of performance, cost and quality, and the importance of the architect and decision-makers familiarizing themselves with its steps to follow this approach and its application to control quality and reduce the costs of establishing governmental housing projects from the beginning of the initial idea of the project to the implementation and maintenance . The use of computer applications to provide a tool in the form of a computer program that helps architects and those concerned to apply the value engineering approach, with the aim of reducing the costs of establishing government housing projects, taking into account the design standards and quality required for those projects. Applying the computer program to one of the designs of the governmental housing project by analyzing and evaluating the architectural design of the housing units in terms of the total area in order to reduce the wasted spaces inside the unit and its impact on reducing construction costs without compromising quality standards and then drawing conclusions and recommendations. Rapid urban growth in many developing countries has led to many problems (economic, social, health, security,...) in the absence of governments to meet the needs of citizens for housing, so slums appeared that lack the necessary services such as electricity, clean drinking water and sewage networks, Crime rates have also increased and environmental health has deteriorated in these areas. In April 2002, the United Nations Program on Housing Rights emerged as a joint initiative between UN-Habitat and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, which focused on governments' focus on taking appropriate measures to promote, protect and guarantee the right to adequate housing. In 2008, UN-Habitat declared that the development objective of the United Nations Program on Housing Rights is the right to adequate housing by trying to consider the affordability and accessibility of housing, and to support and enable housing reform and sustainability. Therefore, governments faced great challenges in how to provide adequate low-cost housing to meet the needs of users of all categories, the Egyptian government worked to provide a huge number of housing units to meet the increasing of population, it represented a huge burden on the state budget due to the increase in prices of building and construction materials. The value engineering methodology appeared nearly twenty years ago, and during this relatively small period, this technology was able to achieve impressive success in achieving great financial savings, which encouraged researchers and specialists in the field of construction management to study this technology and study how to apply it to various projects, the United States of America occupied the first place in the application of value engineering, while Japan occupied the second place, followed directly by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Dr. Jacqueline Fahmy, Head of the Eastern Mediterranean and Africa Regional Branch for Safe International, the American Society for Value Engineering, confirmed on the sidelines of the third value engineering conference that applies the value engineering methodology in Egypt, if the value engineering especially used in Egypt, will reduce the costs of real estate projects by up to 30% without compromising the quality and reducing the price per m2 of projects, the application of the methodology will lead to savings in the costs of governmental housing projects. The problem: We find that many of those concerned with providing housing, including architects, stakeholders and decision makers, lack the importance of applying the value engineering methodology in the field of governmental housing, which works to reduce the cost of constructing housing units in a way that does not affect the design standards, quality and needs of users of all categories, and helps the state to provide the largest possible number of sustainable housing units to meet the needs of citizens. Objectives: Providing a mechanism that helps architects and decision-makers in the field of housing by applying the value engineering methodology with the aim of reducing the costs of establishing governmental housing projects without compromising architectural design standards and quality, and thus helping the state to provide the largest number of housing units for eligible groups. Methodology: To achieve this goal, the research followed the deductive methodology to present the value engineering methodology, its concepts and definitions, the concepts of costs and their relationship to the different stages of the project, and how to benefit from this approach in governmental housing projects, and a review of the Egyptian building law that defines the design standards for housing units. Then the research used the inductive methodology in order to take advantage of computer applications in providing a suggested mechanism that helps architects to apply the value engineering methodology in order to reduce wasted spaces within the housing unit. Then the research followed the experimental method by applying the proposed computer program to one of the horizontal planes of a governmental housing model to evaluate the proposed mechanism by studying the spaces of the architectural spaces of the housing unit, and how to help the proposed mechanism to reduce wasted spaces and thus reduce construction costs and optimal utilization of resources. Results: that the proposed mechanism processed the entered data, whereby the unit area was reduced by 15%, equivalent to 21.27 m2, so that the total area of the housing unit became 118.73 m2 instead of 140 m2 after deleting unnecessary spaces, while maintaining the design standards of the housing unit. - the mechanism made the most recent modifications in the dimensions of the architectural spaces of the unit, and thus it was modified in the architectural design. -By entering the cost of constructing a flat meter = 3200 EGP, as well as entering the number of units in each floor, and the number of floors of the residential architecture, the program calculated the value of savings by creating housing units in the unit architecture, meaning that the unneeded costs were deleted. -Where the amount of 68,071.16 pounds was removed from the cost of constructing the housing unit, which represents unnecessary costs, and the total savings in the construction of one residential building became about 1,633,707.94 pounds. -Thus, the value engineering methodology was applied by eliminating unnecessary costs without affecting the required design and quality standards. - Reducing the area of the housing unit respected the design requirements of the Egyptian Building Law, and thus took into account the fulfillment of users' requirements. - the use of the proposed mechanism will help the architectural designer to reduce wasted and unnecessary spaces, and thus the optimal use of building lands through the application of the value engineering approach. - Reducing the wasted space in the housing unit will reduce construction costs and consumption of building materials, thus reducing the rate of environmental pollution and achieving the concept of sustainability. - By applying the value engineering approach from the beginning of the design idea, it will help reduce the costs of establishing housing projects by eliminating unnecessary costs, and thus will help the state to establish the largest number of housing units to meet the needs of citizens and help solve the housing problem. - The state must adopt the application of the value engineering methodology in all projects, especially housing projects, with the aim of reducing unnecessary costs and improving resource utilization.

Packaging Design Model Of Talang Salted Fish Processing Industry Using Value Engineering Method

Abstract: One of the products that need attention, especially related to packaging, is the Talang Salted Fish product, which has been selling Talang Salted Fish without using packaging. So that this study aims to design the packaging of talang salted fish to add selling value which can later be an attraction for consumers to buy it. The method used is value engineering and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The value engineering method is applied to increase the value, performance, and cost of packaging design consisting of brand criteria, net weight measurement, product identity, attractiveness, color suitability, typography, and font size. The Analytical Hierarchy Process method is applied at the analysis stage to help determine the priority criteria in accordance with the wishes of consumers. The results showed that the alternative design with the highest performance value was alternative 1 (A-B-D-E), namely the design with packaging materials made of transparent plastic, the colors used were bright, the packaging was rectangular and all capital letters were used. This selected alternative design has a value of 0.039. This value is obtained from the performance of 38.9 and the cost of Rp. 1000 per pack.

Types of Works in Construction Projects in Terms of Effectiveness When Applying Value Engineering in Saudi Arabia

Abstract: In construction projects,reduce the cost while keeping the level of quality is an important matter, which defined as Value Engineering(VE). The main concern of VE is to search for the most effective type of works in construction projects to save project direct cost by maximizing or keeping target quality for the studied project. It is a difficult challenge to keep a balance between maximizing project quality with corresponding its minimum cost and duration at the same time. When the value-engineering process is used, each factor affecting the cost is taken into consideration all detailed studies as a specific unified factor to determine its suitable alternatives. This Paper investigates ordering the types of works in terms of effectiveness in the cost saving using the value engineering process for construction projects in Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire has been used to obtain results of only valid samples from all 205 responses, which analyzed and discussed. This study concerned with types of works in a correlation with the four main engineering categories; construction, mechanical, electrical and finishing work. The results indicate the difference effect of using value engineering between these major categories of construction engineering works. Finally, the importance score index applied to appraise the influence of the tested types of works when applying VE process on the project cost.This paper also serves as a resource and guide for construction managers, contractors, and more efficient management in the construction of Saudi projects in order to achieve a sustainable level of cost and quality.

Development of conceptual model of project value dynamics analysis in conditions of uncertainty

Abstract: A conceptual model for analyzing the dynamics of the value of the project, achieved as a result of engineering, under conditions of uncertainty has been developed. In the methodological context, the proposed approach is based on an array of isovalues, each of which corresponds to its own level of optimism in forecasting the cash flow for the project. With the increase in the efficiency of the project due to engineering, the entire array of iso-value lines’ changes its geometrical position, moving further from the origin (in the four-dimensional space "time-benefit-cost-risk"). The proposed model includes three stages. At the first stage, input information is collected and the corresponding analysis is initiated. The result of the second stage is a multivariate cash flow forecast and calculation of the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and its changes for each scenario. The third stage provides the calculation of the expected BCR and its change, an assessment of the risk of making an erroneous decision and changing this risk as a result of the engineering session. The model makes it possible to calculate the achieved proportion of the static and dynamic vectors of change in the value of the project, which is one of the key manifestations of the scientific novelty of the work. In the example considered, the share of the dynamic vector of growth in the value of the project was found to be 35.47 %. The model has an environmental property - the assessment of the success of value engineering under conditions of uncertainty is carried out on the basis of the annual total benefits and the annual total costs throughout the project cycle. Thus, the analysis takes into account the impact of the project on the environment, which is reflected in the risk assessment. The given case testifies to the feasibility of applying the model in the practice of engineering the value of construction projects.

Information Technology Value Engineering (ITVE)

Abstract: Information Technology (IT) has been the main infrastructures in conducting businesses nowadays. IT had firstly emerged to automate business operations, in turn, IT has been able to make business operations more effective due to the nature of IT as a business enabler. Consequently, resource-based business efficiency is also the cornerstone of utilizing IT. Most recently, IT has become OTT (Over the Top), where IT is only the basic layer for conducting online business. In essence, the aforementioned estimations all still rely on qualitative estimates and are not yet based on quantitative estimates. This chapter wants to try to offer an IT value model whose value estimation can be done quantitatively using the Partial Adjustment Valuation (PAV) approach.

Business Efficiency Strategies Based on Value Engineering (VE)

Abstract: Purpose: Develop a strategy to increase the efficiency of Russian enterprises by introducing new and breakthrough technologies, as well as modern organizational and managerial methods based on the use of VE.

A Study to Evaluate the Energy Performance for the Brownfield Building at SVNIT, Surat, Gujarat

Abstract: Across the different parts of the world, the concept of Green Building is catching attention of the architects, urban & town planners, engineers and even the common people. According to the experts, Green buildings are the ones that benefit the environment as well as the human beings by minimum waste generation at all the stages of its life cycle while being cost effective, sustainable and providing comfort to the humans. The presence and behaviour of consumers in the buildings impact largely on energy utilization of various devices such as artificial lights, air conditioners, heaters, etc. Building’s designed energy performance can be affected to one-third by unaware energy usage behaviour. To save the energy, the research team has carried out a pilot study in the Civil Engineering Department (CED), SVNIT, Surat by combining the concepts of Energy Performance and Value Engineering. All the lights in the passage of the department, for the both the floors, were replaced with the sensor lights with specifically designed automated fixtures by referring Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) 2017, Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), MoP, GOI. The results obtained showed unmatchable tangible benefits and proved that by implementing the same at the institute level can prove to save considerable amount of cost, water used to produce electricity and also reduce the carbon foot prints. As per the analysis, the annual kW usage reduced to 54.02 kWh from 262.8 kWh, saving 79.44%. The resulting total annual saving is estimated to be 208.78 kWh. The outcome of this research will be useful for administration of the Institute. Furthermore, the Institute is demonstrating this pilot building for energy performance study to the networking institutes, students and faculty members as well as policy makers, planners, developers and end users.

How to reduce carbon dioxide emissions on infrastructure projects in the Middle East

Abstract: A systematic approach is proposed for civil engineers in the Middle East to minimise the impact of their infrastructure projects on climate change. Based on value engineering principles and a carbo...

Implementing value engineering to generate recommended alternative to increase fish farmers’ exchange rate in West-Borneo

Abstract: Since 2014 to 2018, statistic has shown that the fish farmers’ exchange rate in West Borneo has an average of 99,47. This number is the evidence of low profitability rate experienced by the local fish farmers as the impact of ineffective existing business. By using the method of value engineering, this research aims to: 1) Introduce steps of implementing value engineering in West Borneo’s fish farming sector, 2) select best alternative to increase product value and 3) measure the potential impact of implementing the selected alternative. This research succeeded in implementing value engineering steps by adjusting its variable measurement indicator and also transforming value engineering into a more qualitative approach. Based on the method, Production of Fish Protein Hydrolisate is the selected alternative to increase product value. Finally, the potential impact is measured based on primary and secondary information resulting in an predicted fish farmers’ exchange rate of 207. This means that the value engineering method implemented has produced an alternative that can potentially contribute in increasing more than double of the existing fish farmers exchange rate and thus positively impacting their welfare. Finaly the government must support this alternative by regulating policies to accommodate the growth of this industry, such as the development of supporting infrastructure, promoting the use of fish hydrolisate as solution to national nutritional program and even policy to ease export overseas.