Value (ethics)

About: Value (ethics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 461372 citations.

Good Intentions Aside: A Manager's Guide to Resolving Ethical Problems

Abstract: Good Intentions Aside addresses the theoretical and practical issues of recognizing and responding to ethical dilemmas. By looking at numerous instances in which individuals face tough moral choices at work, Laura Nash provides managers with real-world problems that make clear the link between good ethics and good business. She shows managers how to get back in touch with their commonsense standards of integrity by providing a set of conceptual tasks and practical questions that help them take a fresh look at their own business thinking. Drawing on extensive interviews with scores of managers, Nash identifies the two primary reasons why well-intentioned people do not always maintain high personal standards in the workplace: traditional management assumptions about the goals of business, and habitual patterns of problem solving that tend to obstruct ethical thinking. The solution, according to Nash, is for managers to adopt a new framework that focuses on providing value to others. By making social relationships the top priority in decision making, managers can act on their good intentions without sacrificing strong economic performance.

Genethics: Moral Issues in the Creation of People

Abstract: Unprecedented advances in medicine, genetic engineering and demographic forecasting raise new questions of traditional ethical theories. Do potential people have rights? Can a child that is born handicapped sue the parents? Have people living in the present any moral obligation to future generations and populations, including the obligation to continue the race? This book is a systematic exposition of moral principles that can guide our decisions concerning the existence, number and identity of future people. David Heyd claims that potential people do not have moral status. Reproductive choices must therefore be guided only by the rational desires and values of those who already exist. Heyd's approach resolves many paradoxes in intergenerational justice, while offering a major test case for the profound problems of the limits of ethics and the nature of value.

Social responsibility, individualism, and redistributive policies

Abstract: Previous research supports the “consensus on individualism” hypothesis, which holds that most Americans value hard work and self-reliance, perceive an open opportunity structure, and as a result, oppose redistributive policies, whether targeted by race or designed to help the poor in general. In contrast, this paper shows that one form of egalitarianism, a sense of social responsibility, remains a potent American value. Factor analysis of 18 stratification belief items from the 1984 General Social Survey results in two dimensions—one involving social responsibility and the other economic individualism. Social responsibility is the more powerful predictor of redistributive policy attitudes. Individuals who place a higher priority on social responsibility than on individualism are more likely than those with the opposite priorities to support redistributive policies, but are also disproportionately low income, black, and less politically active. These results suggest that economic individualism appears a hegemonic value in the United States partly because of the lack of political influence and low socioeconomic status of those most committed to social responsibility beliefs.

Innovation Design: Creating Value for People, Organizations and Society

Abstract: Innovation Design presents an approach to designing shared value for businesses, non-profit organizations, end-users and society. The societal and economic challenges we are currently facing - such as the aging population, energy scarcity and environmental issues - are not just threats but are also great opportunities for organizations. Innovation Design shows how organizations can contribute to the process of generating value for society by finding true solutions to these challenges. And at the same time it describes how they can capture value for themselves in business ecosystems that care for both people and planet.This book covers:· Creating meaningful innovations that improve quality of life, engage users and provide value for organizations and other stakeholders; · Guiding the creation of shared value throughout the innovation process, with a practical and integrative approach towards value that connects ideas from economics, psychology, sociology and ecology; · Designing new business models and business ecosystems to deliver sustainable benefits for all the involved parties and stakeholders, addressing both tangible and intangible value.Innovation Design gives numerous examples of projects and innovations to illustrate some of the challenges and solutions you may encounter in your journey of designing meaningful innovations and creating shared value. It also offers practical methods and tools that can be applied directly in your own projects. And in a fast-changing world, it provides a context, a framework and the inspiration to create value at every level: for people, for organizations and for the society in which we live

Conservatism and Change in Roman Religion

Abstract: The conservatism of the Romans in matters of religion is a generally accepted truth and it is in many ways a very obvious truth. I have no intention of denying it. They set a very high value on their religious tradition; they sought to preserve and reproduce the ceremonies and customs inherited from their ancestors; they thought it wrong and even dangerous to abandon or neglect the many gods, goddesses and sacred places of which the city was full; they had no ideological framework which would have enabled them to think in terms of reforming and improving the national cult, as opposed to reviving and restoring it.I say that this is an obvious truth, because some degree of conservatism in this sense seems to be an inevitable feature of the type of Graeco-Roman paganism of which the Roman State cult is one example. A system in which the emphasis falls primarily on the performance of ritual acts—not on the worshippers' belief, or religious emotions and experiences, or on theology or ethics—such a system inescapably makes it a primary value, though not necessarily the only value, that the known ritual should be successfully repeated. This in turn must imply some implicit respect for the past and for the tradition from which the ritual emerged. For the Romans of any generation, the real validation of their religion lay in the fact that it had worked: that their ancestors had won battles, survived crises, eaten dinners, begotten children and expanded their power by the practice of the self-same rites and ceremonies as they practised themselves. For the Romans of the last generation of the Republic, it was a fact that their ancestors had won more battles and eaten better dinners than anybody else.