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Value (ethics)

About: Value (ethics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 461372 citations.


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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the challenges of value creation and value delivery in a global economy and provide a model for understanding how the competing demands placed on HR create both organizational and professional conflict.
Abstract: Will HR professionals continue on their journey to be business leaders, with full sway and equal influence in organizational decision making, or will they take the shortcut by sacrificing professional ethics and values for a “seat at the table”? The first challenge refers to value creation. Creating value in a global economy requires HR executives to clearly understand the confluence of economic, social, and technological forces that drive industry competition. The second challenge, value delivery, deals with the pressing need for HR to demonstrate its tangible impact by aligning with and driving the issues critical to the business. Finally, living values asks us to rediscover that we are the guardians of our organizations. We guard and preserve strategic capability, people, and values. These challenges are examined and a model is provided for understanding how the competing demands placed on HR create both organizational and professional conflict. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

93 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article investigated the role of membership in Greek-letter organizations in student's cognitive and leadership development and found that membership in a fraternities or sororities leads students to develop stronger bonds with their peers and families.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION The fate of the nation's collegiate Greek-letter organizations promises to be a major concern for student affairs professionals as the 20th century comes to a close. Many of the issues raised during the 1980s remain unresolved. Among these are questions about the legitimacy of "Greek life" as it relates to the academic mission of higher education. On one hand, researchers such as Horowitz (1987), Maisel (1990), and a host of others claim that fraternities and sororities have no redeeming value and are detrimental to the development of college students. On the other hand, Wilder, Hoyt, Doren, Hauck, and Zettle (1978) conclude that there is no reason to believe that Greek-letter organizations have an adverse effect on the campus community. They and others (i.e., Miller, 1973) assert that "Greeks" are more conservative and more family- and peer-oriented--certainly not traits that any campus administrator would consider disruptive to daily collegiate activities. An even stronger argument favoring the viability of Greek-letter organizations emphasizes one of the positive qualities associated with or attributed to membership in a fraternity or sorority: leadership. Erwin and Marcus-Mendoza (1988), noting that students who are involved in campus organizations are more action-oriented, suggest that such participation relates directly to higher levels of both cognitive and leadership development. Their conclusions concur with the findings of Hughes and Winston (1987), who claim that the fraternity recruits ("pledges") participating in their study came to value leadership more highly in their interpersonal relationships than did those students who did not join a fraternity or sorority ("independents"). It must be noted, however, that the majority of the students participating in all of the above-cited research were White. As yet, little consideration has been given to Black student members of traditionally Black fraternities and sororities. Fleming (1983) points out several factors that affect the achievement and retention of Black students, particularly those attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs). She notes that many of these students, especially Black males, exist in social isolation on predominantly White campuses. She also contends that they often lack the kinds of meaningful interpersonal relationships that foster academic and career achievement. Black students at PWIs, Fleming concludes, must therefore "find constructive means of encouraging helpful peer contact rather than mutual avoidance" (p. 156). Her findings seem to mesh with those of the studies that support the role and importance of Greek-letter organizations in collegiate life. If Black college students need to develop meaningful interpersonal relationships and if membership in a fraternity or sorority leads these students to develop stronger bonds with their peers and families, then it seems likely that these organizations would play a crucial role in facilitating and improving Black students' perceptions of the college environment, especially at PWIs. If being a Greek is a viable means for increasing students' motivation and performance as well as enhancing their cognitive and leadership development, then assessment of Black students' involvement in these organizations on predominantly White campuses seems particularly warranted. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the views held by two sets of college students, Black Greeks (hereafter referred to as "members") and Black non-Greeks (hereafter referred to as "nonmembers"), on the role of Greek-letter organizations in leadership development. Four hypotheses accompany this study. The first is that similarities will exist across groups in their self-assessments of their leadership skills. The second is that members will hold more leadership positions than nonmembers. Third, similarities will be found across groups with regard to the self-reported value of leadership. …

93 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
David Miller1
TL;DR: The authors argued that the most commonly offered defences of global egalitarianism, such as cosmopolitan claim that human lives have equal value, the argument that a person's nationality is a morally arbitrary characteristic and the more empirical claim that relationships among fellow-nationals are no longer special in a way that matters for justice, are all defective.
Abstract: This article attacks the view that global justice should be understood in terms of a global principle of equality. The principle mainly discussed is global equality of opportunity – the idea that people of similar talent and motivation should have equivalent opportunity sets no matter to which society they belong. I argue first that in a culturally plural world we have no neutral way of measuring opportunity sets. I then suggest that the most commonly offered defences of global egalitarianism – the cosmopolitan claim that human lives have equal value, the argument that a person’s nationality is a morally arbitrary characteristic, and the more empirical claim that relationships among fellow-nationals are no longer special in a way that matters for justice – are all defective. If we fall back on the idea of equality as a default principle, then we have to recognize that pursuing global equality of opportunity systematically would leave no space for national self-determination. Finally, I ask whether global inequality might be objectionable for reasons independent of justice, and argue that the main reason for concern is the inequalities of power that are likely to emerge in a radically unequal world.

93 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it is argued that a more interpretative analysis is also possible, when implied assumptions or underlying ideologies are identified and discusse discussed, and the scope for analysis is therefore limited.
Abstract: Documentary analysis has been widely used in the comparative analysis of health care policy implementation in England. However, the value of the method is rarely debated, and the process whereby it is carried out rarely described in detail, or justified. Documentary analysis has obvious appeal. Documents may be the only source of data at an early stage of a policy innovation. They also present none of the problems (practical, ethical, interactive) of human subjects of research, and can provide a useful supplement to data collected from human subjects by other means. However, official documents are likely to be partial or superficial, representing aspirations rather than realities. The scope for analysis is therefore limited. Analysis may also tend to be positivist in philosophy, taking at face value the ‘apparent’ meanings of texts. It will be argued in this article, however, that a more interpretative analysis is also possible, when implied assumptions or underlying ideologies are identified and discusse...

93 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors pointed out how villagers of the project area hold ideas very different from those of expatriate project staff concerning both the concepts of "development" and "participation."
Abstract: The approach of "community participation" now stands as an established development strategy to promote a more equitable meeting of the basic needs of poor persons in developing countries. While the moral merits of this approach cannot be discounted, questions remain about the cross-cultural viability of the concept of participatory development. This paper suggests that the concept as promoted by international donor agencies is based on Western notions of self-reliance, equality, and individualism. Development planners cannot assume that these value orientations are shared by rural persons of developing countries, or that these values can readily find expression within local social organization or social ideology in developing areas. Based on a study undertaken for a watershed development project in Nepal, the paper points out how villagers of the project area hold ideas very different from those of expatriate project staff concerning both the concepts of "development" and "participation." These ideas must...

93 citations


Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202212
2021864
2020886
2019898
2018824
2017977