Value (ethics)

About: Value (ethics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21347 publications have been published within this topic receiving 461372 citations.

How Not to Teach Values A Critical Look at Character Education

Abstract: Teachers and schools tend to mistake good behavior for good character. What they prize is docility, suggestibility; the child who will do what he is told; or even better, the child who will do what is wanted without even having to be told. They value most in children what children least value in themselves. Small wonder that their effort to build character is such a failure; they don’t know it when they see it.

Care in Everyday Life: An Ethic of Care in Practice

Abstract: This book argues for the importance of care as a value and practice across a range of contexts and relationships. It applies an analysis based in a feminist ethics of care to circumstances in which care has typically been recognised as a key value: eg care for children, for people who are ill or frail, and to circumstance in which its relevance is more rarely considered, eg friendship relationships and stranger relationships. It identifies the significance of care in the context of politics and policy making and offers an imaginary of a social policy based more firmly than is currently the case in political and personal values of care This book addresses care as a practice, a disposition, and a moral, social and political value essential to our capacity to live well together, and to ensure proper treatment for those most likely to experience marginalisation and exclusion. Care has been devalued in contemporary social policy in favour of a rather different set of values – those associated with choice and control. At the same time, both the concept and practice of care within social policy has been stimulated by the work of political philosophers (eg Tronto, 1993, Sevenhuijsen, 1998) who have argued for the necessity of care to social justice. This book challenges the assertion that care is ‘past its sell by date’ (Beresford, 2008). It addresses academics and practitioners who seek to contribute to the development of policies and practices that can enable people to live well together.

Valuing the future: recent advances in social discounting

Abstract: The perplexing issue of discounting Prescriptive economics requires that, unless there are very good reasons to the contrary, economic policy should be based on the principle that individuals’ preferences should count. Indeed, the entire body of ‘ welfare economics’ centres round the formal identity of the statement “ X prefers A to B” and the statement “ X has higher welfare in A rather than B” . This combination of a seemingly innocuous and democratic value judgement— preferences should count— and a formal definition about the meaning of welfare improvement involves many complications. The entire history of policy analysis focuses on those complications. Whose preferences should count? Over what time period? What constitutes a legitimate attenuation of the basic value judgement? One of the problem areas concerns timediscounting— the process whereby society places a lower value on a future gain or loss than on the same gain or loss occurring now. The rationale for time-discounting follows logically from the basic value judgement of welfare economics. If people’ s preferences count and if people prefer now to the future, those preferences must be integrated into social policy formulation. Time-discounting is thus universal in economic analysis, but it remains, as it always has, controversial. The controversy has a parallel in another form of discounting— spatial discounting. When translated into economic terms, the ethical principle

Ethics in qualitative research: A view of the participants' and researchers' world from a critical standpoint

Abstract: This paper illustrates how certain ethical challenges in qualitative research necessitate sustained attention of two interconnected worlds: the world of the researcher and the world of the participant. A critical view of some of the ethical challenges in the participants’ and researchers’ world reveals that how we examine both these worlds’ effects how we design our research. In addition, it reflects the need for researchers to develop an ethical research vocabulary at the inception of their research life through multiple modes. The modes may include dialogue in the spoken and written and visual to affect their aims to adhere to the principles of respect, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice in a way that is mutually beneficial to the participant and the researcher. Further, the deliberations in this paper reveal that a critical conscious research ethics are embedded in the unfolding research ethics process involving the participants and the researchers, and both the participant and researcher add equal weight to the transparency of the ethical process and add value to building methodological and ethical rigor to the research. Key words: critical social theory, critical consciousness, ethics, researcher, participant, qualitative research

Getting Even: Forgiveness and Its Limits

Abstract: We have all been victims of wrongdoing. Forgiving that wrongdoing is one of the staples of current pop psychology dogma; it is seen as a universal prescription for moral and mental health in the self-help and recovery section of bookstores. At the same time, personal vindictiveness as a rule is seen as irrational and immoral. In many ways, our thinking on these issues is deeply inconsistent; we value forgiveness yet at the same time now use victim-impact statements to argue for harsher penalties for criminals. Do we have a right to hate others for what they have done to us? The distinguished philosopher and law professor Jeffrie Murphy is a skeptic when it comes to our views on both emotions. In this short and accessible book, he proposes that vindictive emotions (anger, resentment, and the desire for revenge) actually deserve a more legitimate place in our emotional, social, and legal lives than we currently recognize, while forgiveness deserves to be more selectively granted. Murphy grounds his views on careful analysis of the nature of forgiveness, a subtle understanding of the psychology of anger and resentment, and a fine appreciation of the ethical issues of self-respect and self-defense. He also uses accessible examples from law, literature, and religion to make his points. Providing a nuanced approach to a proper understanding of the place of our strongest emotions in moral, political, and personal life, and using lucid, easily understood prose, this volume is a classic example of philosophical thinking applied to a thorny, everyday problem.