Topic
Vanadate
About: Vanadate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4497 publications have been published within this topic receiving 120109 citations. The topic is also known as: vanadate.
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TL;DR: An acid phosphatase (EC 3.3.1.2) has been identified and purified from castor bean seed through sulphopropyl (SP)-Sephadex, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)- SephadeX, Sephacryl S-200, and Concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography, and recognized tyrosine-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate (PP i ) as substrate.
Abstract: An acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) has been identified and purified from castor bean (Ricinus communis L., IAC-80) seed through sulphopropyl (SP)-Sephadex, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Sephadex, Sephacryl S-200, and Concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography. The enzyme was purified 2000-fold to homogeneity, with a final specific activity of 3.8 μkat mg -1 protein. The purified enzyme revealed a single diffuse band with phosphatase activity on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, at pH 8.3. The relative molecular mass, determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), was found to be 60 kDa. The acid phosphatase had a pH optimum of 5.5 and an apparent K m value for p-nitro-phenylphosphate of 0.52 mM. The enzyme-catalyzed reaction was inhibited by inorganic phosphate, fluoride, vanadate, molybdate, p-chloromercuribenzoate (pCMB), Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ . The strong inhibition by pCMB, Cu 2+ and vanadate suggests the presence of sulfhydryl groups essential for catalysis. The castor bean enzyme also recognized tyrosine-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate (PP i ) as substrate. The highest specificity constant (V max /K m ) was observed with PP i , making it a potential physiological substrate.
36 citations
TL;DR: The observed differences in the insulin-like activity between the complexes would reflect the potency of the two compounds in the +IV and +V oxidation states in the subcellular region.
Abstract: We synthesized vanadyl (oxidation state +IV) and vanadate (oxidation state +V) complexes with the same hydroxamic acid derivative ligand, and assessed their glucose-lowering activities in relation to the vanadium biodistribution behavior in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. When the mice received an intraperitoneal injection of the complexes, the vanadate complex more effectively lowered the elevated glucose levels compared with the vanadyl one. The glucose-lowering effect of the vanadate complex was linearly related to its dose within the range from 2.5 to 7.5 mg V/kg. In addition, pretreatment of the vanadate complex induced a larger insulin-enhancing effect than the vanadyl complex. Both complexes were more effective than the corresponding inorganic vanadium compounds. The vanadyl and vanadate complexes, but not the inorganic vanadium compounds, resulted in almost the same organ vanadium distribution. Consequently, the observed differences in the insulin-like activity between the complexes would reflect the potency of the two compounds in the +IV and +V oxidation states in the subcellular region.
36 citations
TL;DR: Dissimilatory reduction of vanadium(V) by Enterobacter cloacae EV-SA01, isolated from a gold mine at 1.6 km below surface, is shown to occur anaerobically as well as aerobically and growth rates were unaffected by up to 2 mM V2O5.
Abstract: Dissimilatory reduction of vanadium(V) by Enterobacter cloacae EV-SA01, isolated from a gold mine at 1.6 km below surface, is shown to occur anaerobically as well as aerobically. Growth rates were unaffected by up to 2 mM V2O5. Reduction of vanadium(V) was growth phase-dependent and resulted in cell deformities and precipitation of the vanadium in its lower oxidation states. The vanadate reductase activity was membrane-associated and coupled the oxidation of NADH to the reduction of vanadate.
36 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that uncomplexed ATP interacts with the same Mg2+ at the catalytic site, which is involved in formation of the enzyme-vanadate complex (EMgV), and thereby hinders dissociation of vanadate.
36 citations
TL;DR: DEDTC antimutagenicity was attributed to the inhibition of peroxidases that are required in the plant activation of o-PDA to mutagenic product(s), and Spectrophotometric measurements of equimolar concentrations of o -PDA and vanadate demonstrated that the antimUTagenic property ofVanadate was mainly due to its reactivity with o- PDA.
Abstract: Three isomers of the promutagen phenylenediamine at mM concentrations were plant-activated and induced mutation in stamen hairs of Tradescantia clone 4430. The rank order of the mutagenicity of the isomers was: o-phenylenediamine > m-phenylenediamine > p-phenylenediamine with corresponding mutagenic potencies of 5.60, 1.43, and 0.46 mutant stamen hair cells/mumole, respectively. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) and ammonium meta-vanadate (vanadate) repressed the mutagenic activity of o-phenylenediamine (o-PDA) in intact plants. Based on inhibition kinetics and reaction rates, the mechanism of DEDTC antimutagenicity was attributed to the inhibition of peroxidases that are required in the plant activation of o-PDA to mutagenic product(s). Spectrophotometric measurements of equimolar concentrations of o-PDA and vanadate demonstrated that the antimutagenic property of vanadate was mainly due to its reactivity with o-PDA.
36 citations