Topic
Vaporization
About: Vaporization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10394 publications have been published within this topic receiving 161570 citations. The topic is also known as: vapourisation.
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01 Mar 1994
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated two-phase heat exchangers for single-phase flows and showed that they can achieve state-of-the-art performance in terms of heat transfer.
Abstract: Heat Transfer Fundamentals Performance Evaluation for Single-Phase Flows Performance Evaluation Criteria for Two-Phase Heat Exchangers Plate-and-Fin Extended Surfaces Externally Finned Tubes Insert Devices for Single-Phase Flow Internally Finned Tubes and Annuli Integral Roughness Fouling on Enhanced Surfaces Pool Boiling Vapor Space Condensation Convective Vaporization Convective Condensation Enhancement Using Electric Fields Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer Additives for Gases and Liquids Problem Supplement Index.
1,296 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of variable thermophysical properties, non-unitary Lewis number in the gas film, and effect of the Stefan flow on heat and mass transfer between the droplet and the gas, and the effect of internal circulation and transient liquid heating are investigated.
1,268 citations
TL;DR: Solar illumination of broadly absorbing metal or carbon nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid produces vapor without the requirement of heating the fluid volume, enabling important compact solar applications such as sterilization of waste and surgical instruments in resource-poor locations.
Abstract: Solar illumination of broadly absorbing metal or carbon nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid produces vapor without the requirement of heating the fluid volume. When particles are dispersed in water at ambient temperature, energy is directed primarily to vaporization of water into steam, with a much smaller fraction resulting in heating of the fluid. Sunlight-illuminated particles can also drive H2O–ethanol distillation, yielding fractions significantly richer in ethanol content than simple thermal distillation. These phenomena can also enable important compact solar applications such as sterilization of waste and surgical instruments in resource-poor locations.
1,082 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect of ambient gas density and fuel vaporization on the penetration and dispersion of diesel sprays over a gas density range spanning nearly two order of magnitude.
Abstract: Ambient gas density and fuel vaporization effects on the penetration and dispersion of diesel sprays were examined over a gas density range spanning nearly two order of magnitude. This range included gas densities more than a factor of two higher than top-dead-center conditions in current technology heavy-duty diesel engines. The results show that ambient gas density has a significantly larger effect on spray penetration and a smaller effect on spray dispersion than has been previously reported. The increased dependence of penetration on gas density is shown to be the result of gas density effects on dispersion. In addition, the results show that vaporization decreases penetration and dispersion by as much as 20% relative to non-vaporizing sprays; however, the effects of vaporization decrease with increasing gas density. Characteristic penetration time and length scales are presented that include a dispersion term that accounts for the increased dependence of penetration on ambient density. These penetration time and length scales collapse the penetration data obtained over the entire range of conditions examined in the experiment into two distinct non-dimensional penetration curves: one for the non-vaporizing conditions and one for the vaporizing conditions. Comparison of the two nondimensional penetration curves to a theoretical penetration correlation for non-vaporizing sprays helped isolate and explain the effects of droplets and vaporization on penetration. The theoretical penetration correlation was derived using the penetration time and length scales and simple model for a non-vaporizing spray that has been previously presented in the literature. The correlation is in good agreement with the non-vaporizing data from this experiment and other commonly quoted penetration data sets. It also provides a potential explanation for much of scatter in the penetration predicted by various correlations in the literature.
965 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline the fundamental physics involved and go on to discuss recent experimental findings of pulsed laser deposition, as an alternative to chemical vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy.
Abstract: Photons have many advantages for vaporizing condensed systems, and laser vaporization sources have a flexibility not available with other methods. These sources are applied to making thin films in the well-known technique of pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The vaporized material may be further processed through a pulsed secondary gas, lending the source additional degrees of freedom. Such pulsed-gas sources have long been exploited for fundamental studies, and they are very promising for film deposition, as an alternative to chemical vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy. The authors outline the fundamental physics involved and go on to discuss recent experimental findings.
722 citations