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Showing papers on "Vapours published in 1977"





Patent
10 Sep 1977
TL;DR: In this article, a plate heat exchanger composed of a frame including front and pressure plates between which are arranged suspended plates is used for condensing vapours yielded by polymerisation of chloroprene.
Abstract: Vapours are condensed in a plate heat exchanger composed of a frame including front and pressure plates between which are arranged suspended plates. Ued for condensing vapours yielded by polymerisation of chloroprene. Advantages are low thermal resistance, favourable flow conditions resulting in low tendency to clogging and low heat losses, high throughput in compact plant, good servicibility and low clearing costs.

7 citations




Patent
11 Aug 1977
TL;DR: In this article, a wave-guide has a deposit on its surface consisting of a liquid crystal material, a source transmitting light along the waveguide and a means of measuring the light leaving the wave guide.
Abstract: A device for detecting organic vapours incorporates a wave-guide having a deposit on its surface consisting of a liquid crystal material, a source transmitting light along the wave guide and a means of measuring the light leaving the wave guide. The liquid crystal material is sensitive to organic vapour in that the organic vapour changes the power of transmission of the guide. The appts. gives a simple, flexible and rapid means of detecting and controlling organic vapours present in very small quantities in a gaseous medium, e.g. the atmosphere.

1 citations


Patent
05 Aug 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, a symmetric dialkylureas are obtained by reaction of carbon dioxide with excess monoalkylamines at elevated temperatures and pressures in a reaction zone and expelling a part of the unreacted starting substances and the water formed in the reaction by releasing the pressure of the reaction melt obtained in the chemical reaction.
Abstract: Symmetrical dialkylureas are obtained by reaction of carbon dioxide with excess monoalkylamines at elevated temperatures and pressures in a reaction zone and expelling a part of the unreacted starting substances and the water formed in the reaction by releasing the pressure of the reaction melt obtained in the reaction. The alkylamine alkylcarbamate contained in the reaction melt is then thermally decomposed into monoalkylamine and carbon dioxide, which are expelled from the melt together with further water vapour. The vapours expelled during the pressure release and thermal decomposition are condensed and treated with sodium hydroxide solution to recover monoalkylamine. According to the invention the vapours expelled during the pressure release are washed in a separating column with a part of the liquefied monoalkylamine contained in the vapours and liquefied at the top of the separating column. The other part of the liquefied, virtually CO2- and water-free monoalkylamine is fed back into the reaction zone.

1 citations


Patent
30 Apr 1977
TL;DR: In this article, a safe and closed system recovering method for hydrocarbon vapours in high yields characterized in using kerosene as absorbent was proposed, which was shown to be safe and effective.
Abstract: PURPOSE:A safe and closed system recovering method for hydrocarbon vapours in high yields characterized in using kerosene as absorbent.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1977
TL;DR: In this article, uniform field electric strength measurements on a range of fluorocarbon vapours were reported, over a temperature range of −40°C to temperatures just below the respective boiling points and for gap spacings in the range 1.5-5 mm.
Abstract: Uniform-field electric-strength measurements on a range of fluorocarbon vapours are reported. The fully fluorinated compounds were examined over a temperature range of −40°C to temperatures just below the respective boiling points and for gap spacings in the range 1.5–5 mm. The electric strengths and breakdown distributions are interpreted in terms of the ionisation and attachment processes taking place. The utilisation of the exceptionally good dielectric properties of these materials when operated as evaporative coolants/insulants is discussed.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the porosity of polyarylate (PA) films with varying porosities was studied for helium, argon, nitrogen and methanol vapours.
Abstract: Penetrability P of polyarylate (PA) films of varying porosities was studied for helium, argon, nitrogen and methanol vapours. The coefficients D and σ have been determined. The PA films produced by pouring solutions on to supports have been found to have a porous structure with closed pores. This conclusion has been based on the finding of much porosity, an independence of P on excess pressure and on 1√M (M is the mol.wt. of the diffusing gas). The transport of the gas through the PA film has been found to be the result of an activated diffusion which has an activation energy of 4–6 kcal/mole; the size of the latter is independent of the porosity. A mechanism of penetration of the gases and vapours through glass-like, polymer films with closed pores is suggested.