Showing papers on "Vapours published in 1982"
TL;DR: In this article, the emission of organic gases and vapours of solvent type from 42 commonly used building materials was measured under standard atmospheric conditions, and the average arithmetic emission rate was 9.5 mg/m2 h, and 52 different compounds were identified.
123 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, simple mathematical models of film condensation of pure non-metal vapours are discussed and their correction according to the available experimental data is described, and a simple mathematical model of the condensation process is proposed.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the interaction of a number of organic vapours with hydroxypropyl cellulose was measured by gas chromatographic (g.c.) methods, and the limiting Flory-Huggins interaction parameters at infinite dilution of vapour in polymer were readily evaluated, but the data did not provide a route to the solubility parameter for the polymer.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus for determining maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) of gases and vapours up to 130°C was described, particularly useful for liquids that vaporise only at elevated temperatures.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a graphitized carbon black diffusive sampler for the monitoring of organic vapours in the environment and in working sites is described, where adsorbed compounds are thermally desorbed and analyzed by gas chromatography.
Abstract: A graphitized carbon black diffusive sampler for the monitoring of organic vapours in the environment and in working sites is described. Adsorbed compounds are thermally desorbed and analysed by gas chromatography Operational parameters in terms of diffusive path length, sampling time, linearity and sensitivity have been evaluated.
9 citations
8 citations
Patent•
10 Feb 1982TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to separate extraneous materials contained in the vapours by precipitation, filtration or scrubbing, before the compression of the liquid vapours to provide the most economical procedure possible.
Abstract: In a method and apparatus for using the heat in the vapours emanating from liquids in thickening processes, the vapours are compressed for the purpose of heating or evaporating liquid and cooled, and condensed, in heat exchange with the liquid. To provide the most economical procedure possible, it is proposed to separate off extraneous materials contained in the vapours by precipitation, filtration or scrubbing, before the compression of the vapours.
6 citations
Patent•
26 Aug 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the isolation of trioxane from trioxene-containing oxymethylene polymers comprises the following process steps: A) Trioxane vapours are removed in gas form from the polyethylene polymer in a degassing zone at a temperature between 70 and 300 DEG C and a pressure between 0.005 and 50 bar without any solvent or inert gas being added.
Abstract: A process for the isolation of trioxane from trioxane-containing oxymethylene polymers comprises the following process steps: A) trioxane vapours are removed in gas form from the oxymethylene polymer in a degassing zone at a temperature between 70 and 300 DEG C and a pressure between 0.005 and 50 bar without any solvent or inert gas being added; B) the trioxane vapours are diverted through a vapour line, the vapour temperature being kept above the condensation point; C) if necessary, the trioxane vapours are compressed to a pressure above 1 bar in a compression zone and kept at this pressure at a temperature above the condensation point of the vapours; D) gaseous trioxane is condensed from the vapours in a condensation zone at a pressure above 1 bar, it being possible to remove uncondensed impurities, in particular formaldehyde, in gaseous form; E) if necessary, the trioxane is purified in a purification zone.
5 citations
01 Jan 1982
4 citations
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, a gas chromatographic method was used for the direct analysis of vapours of explosives including ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN) and nitroglycerine (NG) with the concentration levels down to 10−12−10−14g/ml.
Abstract: The gas chromatographic method presented in this paper is particularly suitable for the direct analysis of vapours of explosives including ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN), ethylene glycol mononitrate (EGMN) and nitroglycerine (NG) with the concentration levels down to 10−12–10−14g/ml.This method includes the use of a sensitive 63Ni electron capture detector (ECD) and a specially designed gas chromatographic column system. Short, mixed liquid phases and combined packed-capillary columns are employed in the G.C. system in order to minimize the adverse factors caused by the adsorption and decomposition effects of some explosives. Consequently, the sensitivity and detectivity of the E.C. detector will be greatly enhanced.Preconcentration procedures are required for detection of explosive vapours below the concentration levels of 10−14g/ml.
TL;DR: In this article, the upper flammability limits of saturated vapours of four hydrocarbons (cyclohexane, benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene) in oxygen were discussed.
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: This method had been used to study pollution with anaesthetic gases and vapours in operating theatres and the vapours of other chemicals used in hospitals and other places of work also have been studied.
Abstract: Most gases and vapours with a bipolar molecular structure absorb infrared energy. If such a gas is interposed between an object emitting infrared radiation and a thermocamera the gas will absorb some of the infrared radiation and thus cast a shadow on the thermocamera picture. In this assay it is possible to visualise the gas. This method had been used to study pollution with anaesthetic gases and vapours in operating theatres. The vapours of other chemicals used in hospitals and other places of work also have been studied. The method permits the study of dispersion and flow patterns of polluting gases and vapours during work.
01 Nov 1982
TL;DR: The Authors describe some methods which can be used when solubility coefficients of gas and vapours in liquids are to be measured; they are easily performed methods, which are based on the validity of Henry's law.
Abstract: The Authors describe some methods (at constant pressure and constant volume) which can be used when solubility coefficients of gas and vapours in liquids (water, blood, oil etc.) are to be measured; they are easily performed methods, which are based on the validity of Henry's law.
TL;DR: In this article, the flammability limits of saturated vapours of toluene in oxygen have been measured up to 180°C and 10 atm using a direct pressure versus temperature diagram.
Journal Article•
01 Nov 1982
TL;DR: A new alveolar air sampler is described and tested; it can be used in monitoring subjects exposed to gas and vapours in their working places.
Abstract: A new alveolar air sampler is described and tested; it can be used in monitoring subjects exposed to gas and vapours in their working places. The tests were made under different experimental conditions, using both vapours of industrial solvents as acetone, ethanol, trichloroethylene, methyl ethyl ketone, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and respiratory gas (O2, CO2).
Patent•
09 Jun 1982
TL;DR: In this article, a fibrous filter on the path of the vapours is used for decontamination of medium to low activity liquid effluents, where a certain amount of droplets are inevitably entrained in the form of aerosols with the evapn vapours.
Abstract: Appts for improving the decontaminating efficiency of radioactive liquid effluent treatment plants in which the liquid effluent is evapd in an evaporator sump and the vapours pass to a condenser, consists of a fibrous deep bed filter incorporated on the path between the evaporator and the condenser Pref this filter is incorporated in a horizontal line between the evaporator and condenser Used in partic in plants for the decontamination of medium to low activity liquid effluents, where a certain amt of droplets are inevitably entrained in the form of aerosols with the evapn vapours By incorporating a fibrous filter on the path of the vapours, a very large proportion of the aerosols are extd from the vapours before they reach the condenser