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Vapours

About: Vapours is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1153 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15022 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1934-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, the magnetic susceptibilities of organic vapours have been investigated and it was shown that in the case of some liquids, such as benzene, carbon disulphide, pentane and hexane, there is considerable divergence between the liquid and vapour values.
Abstract: VERY little work has so far been done on the magnetic susceptibilities of organic vapours. Vaidya-nathan's1 experiments indicate that in the case of some liquids, such as benzene, carbon disulphide, pentane and hexane, there is considerable divergence between the liquid and vapour values. Sivarama-krishnan's2 careful measurements by a new method3 developed in this laboratory also gave a similar result in the case of benzene (a molar susceptibility of 79.6 × 106 for the vapour and 54.6 × 106 for the liquid).

2 citations

Patent
30 Jun 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and apparatus for the recovery of organic vapours from gases, in particular of gasoline vapours, is proposed, wherein the laden gases or gas vapours are scrubbed in a downward-flow cooler in co-current of gas and scrubbing fluid in a scrubber, the cooling of the gas/scrubbing fluid mixture taking place in counter-current in the scrubber.
Abstract: A method and apparatus for the recovery of organic vapours from gases, in particular of gasoline vapours, is proposed, wherein the laden gases or gasoline vapours are scrubbed in a downward-flow cooler in co-current of gas and scrubbing fluid in a scrubber, the cooling of the gas/scrubbing fluid mixture taking place in counter-current in the scrubber.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigated the effects of exposing mice to pyrolysis oil produced from municipal solid waste as a fuel and little is known about the toxicity of the vapours of its vapours.

2 citations

Patent
14 Apr 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and apparatus for the continuous concentration of trace gases in a gaseous medium, such as air, comprising the steps of bringing the air into intimate contact with a suitable free-flowing adsorption powder in an ad-sorption region, passing the air containing the treated powder and adsorbed vapours through a cyclone separator to produce a substantially power-free air stream and a powder containing adsored vapours, then passing the powder through desorption regions, whereby the powder carrying trace vapours is heated in a heating
Abstract: The specification discloses a method and apparatus for concentration of vapours present in trace quantities in the atmosphere in a continuous and rapid manner. It relates especially to a device to enhance the concentration of trace vapours to such a level that they may be more readily analyzed by appropriate instrumentation. This is of considerable value in connection with the detection of certain vapours which are associated with explosive devices and bombs. These are of considerable importance now in connection with security at airports and the like. The specification discloses a method and apparatus for the continuous concentration of trace gases in a gaseous medium, such as air, comprising the steps of bringing the air into intimate contact with a suitable free-flowing adsorption powder in an adsorption region (13), passing the air containing the treated powder and adsorbed vapours through a cyclone separator (12) to produce a substantially power-free air stream and a powder containing adsorbed vapours, then passing the powder through a desorption region (40) whereby the powder carrying trace vapours is heated in a heating zone (45, 46) in the presence of a carrier stream at a temperature sufficient to release the adsorbed trace vapours of interest, and thus to produce a vapour- enriched carrier gas stream. The powder is then normally recycled into the air inlet stream (10).

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the French Academy's experiments were used to find out if the density of steam in contact with water followed any distinct law with reference to the temperature measured from the zero of gaseous tension.
Abstract: The relation between the pressure and temperature of vapours in contact with their generating liquids has been expressed by a variety of empirical formulæ, which, although convenient for practical purposes, do not claim to represent any general law. Some years ago, while examining a mathematical theory of gases, I endeavoured to find out from the French Academy’s experiments, if the density of steam in contact with water followed any distinct law with reference to the temperature measured from the zero of gaseous tension. [By Rudberg’s experiments, confirmed by Magnus and Regnault, this zero is —461° in Fahr. scale, or —273°·89 in the Centigrade scale. Temperatures reckoned from this zero I shall call G temperatures to save circumlocution.] If t represents the G temperature, Δ the density of a gas or a vapour, and p its elastic force, the equation tΔ = p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1.) represents the well-known laws of Marriotte and of Dalton and Gay-Lussac. The function that expresses a general relation between p and t in vapours must include a more simple function, expressing a general relation between Δ and t. The proper course, therefore, seemed to be to tabulate the quotients p/t from the experiments of the Academy and to project them into a curve. Now, for reasons connected with the vis viva theory of gases, which represents the G temperature as a square quantity, I projected these densities as ordinates to the square root of the G temperatures as abscissæ, and the curve traced out was of the parabolic kind, but of high power. To reduce this, because density is a cubic quantity, I tabulated their cube roots and set them off as ordinates to the same abscissæ. The result was gratifying, for the familiar conic parabola made its appearance. To ascertain whether this curve was exactly the conic parabola, I tabulated the square root of these ordinates, corresponding with the sixth root of the densities, and laid them off as new ordinates to the same abscissæ. The result is shown in the accompanying Chart, Plate VII., under the title French Academy's Steam. The observation's are denoted by dots thus•, and it will be remarked that they range with great precision in a straight line, any slight divergence being sometimes to the right and sometimes to the left; precisely as might be expected from small errors of observation. Other series of experiments on steam were projected in a similar manner; and it was found that although no two exactly agreed with each other, yet that each set ranged in a straight line nearly. The vapours of ether, alcohol, and sulphuret of carbon were tried in the same way, and found to conform to the same law. I have since added to the Chart M. Avogadro’s observations on the vapour of mercury, which will be found remarkably in accordance; also Dr. Faraday’s experiments on liquefied gases, given in the Philosophical Transactions for 1845. Of these, olefiant gas (No. 1, p. 160) is remarkably in accordance; also the nitrous oxide (No. 2, p. 168), ammonia, cyanogen, sulphurous acid, and carbonic acid at the upper part of its range. Muriatic acid, sulphuretted and arseniuretted hydrogen do not show the same regularity. The coordinates of the points being the square root of the G temperature and the sixth root of the densities, the equation to the straight line that passes through the points expresses the sixth root of the density in terms of the square root of the G temperature.

2 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202337
202276
202112
202025
201914
201818