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Vapours

About: Vapours is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1153 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15022 citations.


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01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, metal-catalyst-free carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been synthesized on Si/SO2 substrates via a novel two-zone Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) facility using ethanol vapours as carbon source.
Abstract: Metal-catalyst-free carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been synthesised on Si/SO2 substrates via a novel two-zone Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) facility using ethanol vapours as carbon source. When the pyrolysis of the ethanol vapours is carried out at 1000 degreesC in the first zone of the CVD, in the second zone the formation of metalcatalyst- free CNTs is possible at temperatures as low as 500 degreesC. It was found that the chemical pre-treatment of the Si-substrate in liquid ethanol is critical for defects generation on a Si/SO2 surface which were found to be responsible for carbon precipitation and formation of the metal-catalyst-free CNTs. The role of the separation of the ethanol vapours pyrolysis from the CNT formation in the two-zone CVD and the role of ethanol pre-treatment of the Si/SO2 surface are discussed.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the porosity of polyarylate (PA) films with varying porosities was studied for helium, argon, nitrogen and methanol vapours.
Abstract: Penetrability P of polyarylate (PA) films of varying porosities was studied for helium, argon, nitrogen and methanol vapours. The coefficients D and σ have been determined. The PA films produced by pouring solutions on to supports have been found to have a porous structure with closed pores. This conclusion has been based on the finding of much porosity, an independence of P on excess pressure and on 1√M (M is the mol.wt. of the diffusing gas). The transport of the gas through the PA film has been found to be the result of an activated diffusion which has an activation energy of 4–6 kcal/mole; the size of the latter is independent of the porosity. A mechanism of penetration of the gases and vapours through glass-like, polymer films with closed pores is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a seed decontamination treatment for organic seeds against plant pathogens (Acidovorax citrulli and Xanthomonas campestris) using essential oil (EO) vapours without affecting the seeds' germination rate was developed.
Abstract: AIM This study was done to develop a seed decontamination treatment for organic seeds against plant pathogens (Acidovorax citrulli and Xanthomonas campestris) using essential oil (EO) vapours without affecting the seeds' germination rate. METHODS AND RESULTS By using a diffusion assay and determining minimum inhibitory and lethal concentrations, we screened two EO vapours which were most inhibitory to A. citrulli (cinnamon bark and garlic EO vapours) and X. campestris (onion and garlic EO vapours). After 48 h of exposure to EO vapours at 25°C and 43% or 85% relative humidity (RH), no significant decrease (p > 0.05) in germination rates was observed compared with those of control seeds. It was observed that EO vapour treatment at 25°C and 43% or 85% RH for 48 h caused significant population reductions (p ≤ 0.05) (ca. 0.3-2.6 log colony forming unit/g) compared to those of untreated seeds. CONCLUSION Applications of EO vapours showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) antimicrobial effects against A. citrulli and X. campestris on both laboratory mediums and plant seeds without decreasing the germination rate of seeds. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides useful information for the development of natural seed sterilization treatments using EO vapours.
Posted ContentDOI
13 Nov 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the formation of droplets of light in Bose-Einstein condensates was studied using a Gaussian variational approach and the results were checked through numerical simulations of the Schrodinger equation for each regime.
Abstract: The propagation of light in nonlinear media is well described by a $2$D nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLSE) within the paraxial approximation, which is equivalent to the Gross-Pitaesvskii equation (GPE), the mean-field description for the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Due to this similarity, many theoretical and experimental investigations of phenomena which have already been studied and realized in BECs have been recently analysed in alternative experimental platforms such as hot atomic vapours. In this work, we study the formation of droplets of light in these media, attempting to establish a mapping between the experimental parameters normally used in BEC experiments and those needed to observe the analogous phenomenon in hot atomic vapours. We obtain the energy functional for the susceptibility of the medium in the $\chi^{(3)}$ , $\chi^{(3)}+\chi^{(5)}$ and saturating regimes for a two-level atomic configuration considering the focusing (attractive) regime. We apply a Gaussian variational approach and check its predictions through numerical simulations of the NLSE for each regime. Finally, we study the real-time dynamics of the system for both the $\chi^{(3)}+\chi^{(5)}$ and saturating nonlinearities, focusing our attention on the behaviour of the breathing mode and on the analysis of droplet formation for realistic experimental conditions.

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202337
202276
202112
202025
201914
201818