Topic
Vapours
About: Vapours is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1153 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15022 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the interlayer bonding in graphite and boron nitride is initially stronger than in the other compounds, but can be reduced by increasing the temperature or admitting vapours.
125 citations
TL;DR: This study shows that the line patterning method used in device fabrication to obtain any desired pattern of films of SWNTs on flexible substrates can be used to rapidly screen simulants at high concentrations before developing more complicated sensor systems.
Abstract: Chemiresistor-based vapour sensors made from network films of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) bundles on flexible plastic substrates (polyethylene terephthalate, PET) can be used to detect chemical warfare agent simulants for the nerve agents Sarin (diisopropyl methylphosphonate, DIMP) and Soman (dimethyl methylphosphonate, DMMP). Large, reproducible resistance changes (75–150%), are observed upon exposure to DIMP or DMMP vapours, and concentrations as low as 25 ppm can be detected. Robust sensor response to simulant vapours is observed even in the presence of large equilibrium concentrations of interferent vapours commonly found in battle-space environments, such as hexane, xylene and water (10 000 ppm each), suggesting that both DIMP and DMMP vapours are capable of selectively displacing other vapours from the walls of the SWNTs. Response to these interferent vapours can be effectively filtered out by using a2 µ mt hickbarrier film of the chemoselective polymer polyisobutylene (PIB )o nt he SWNT surface. These network films are composed of a 1–2 µm thick non-woven mesh of SWNT bundles (15–30 nm diameter), whose sensor response is qualitatively and quantitatively different from previous studies on individual SWNTs, or a network of individual SWNTs, suggesting that vapour sorption at interbundle sites could be playing an important role. This study also shows that the line patterning method used in device fabrication to obtain any desired pattern of films of SWNTs on flexible substrates can be used to rapidly screen simulants at high concentrations before developing more complicated sensor systems. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
124 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the emission of organic gases and vapours of solvent type from 42 commonly used building materials was measured under standard atmospheric conditions, and the average arithmetic emission rate was 9.5 mg/m2 h, and 52 different compounds were identified.
123 citations
TL;DR: Sorption and permeation of several organic vapours in poly (dimethylsiloxane) were investigated in this article, where the solubility and permeability coefficients measured show a strong dependence of the applied vapour activity typical for these systems, contrary to the behaviour of permanent gases.
120 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach of depositing thin stimulating layer of various metals/oxides below the ITO film was tried and tested, and the response of the film with MgO catalytic layer on sensitivity and selectivity was observed.
114 citations