Topic
Vapours
About: Vapours is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1153 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15022 citations.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, three different MCM-41 mesoporous materials were employed as catalysts, namely, acidic HMCM- 41-15, H-MCM 41-20, and aluminium-free silica Na-Si MCM 41, with cellulose beads used as a raw material.
Abstract: In this paper, catalytic deoxygenation of cellulose pyrolysis vapours over mesoporous materials is investigated. Three different MCM-41 mesoporous materials were employed as catalysts, namely, acidic HMCM-41-15, H-MCM-41-20 and aluminium-free silica Na-Si-MCM-41, with cellulose beads used as a raw material. Pyrolysis/deoxygenation experiments were carried out in a dual-fluidized bed reactor. Thermal pyrolysis occurred over quartz sand and the vapours formed were upgraded in a consecutive fluidized bed, in which the mesoporours materials acted as catalysts. Both the yield and chemical composition of the pyrolysis products were affected by the catalysts. More water and CO were formed as a result of catalytic deoxygenation, compared to the non-catalytic experiment. Some of the organic compounds in the catalytic bio-oil had a lower oxygen content than the predominant levoglucosan in the non-catalytic bio-oil.
16 citations
Patent•
Enel1
TL;DR: In this paper, metal chlorides are mixed with vapours of an alcohol and carried into a reaction chamber under the action of the laser beam so as to form the corresponding alcoxides that subsequently undergo a pyrolysis process, thus producing particles of powders with diameters ranging between 5 and 20 nm.
Abstract: Vapours of metal chlorides are mixed with vapours of an alcohol and carried into a reaction chamber under the action of the laser beam so as to form the corresponding alcoxides that subsequently undergo a pyrolysis process, thus producing particles of powders that are well crystallized and with diameters ranging between 5 and 20 nm.
16 citations
Patent•
19 Jul 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, an apparatus for purifying an exhaust gas containing solvent vapours by bringing the exhaust gas and adsorbent particles into continuous mutual contact to adsorb the solvent and subsequently regenerating the adsorbed particles containing the solvent was presented.
Abstract: An apparatus for purifying an exhaust gas containing solvent vapours by bringing the exhaust gas and adsorbent particles into continuous mutual contact to adsorb the solvent vapours onto the adsorbent particles and subsequently regenerating the adsorbent particles containing the solvent vapours thus adsorbed and simultaneously recovering the solvent vapours. In regenerating the adsorbent particles containing the solvent vapours, the apparatus is capable of advantageously using an incondensable inert gas as a carrier gas for regenerating the adsorbent particles.
16 citations
TL;DR: A fibre-optic fluorescence sensor based on a film of the pH-sensitive molecule 2-napthol, hydrogen-bonded to a matrix of poly(ethylene oxide), is described in this article.
Abstract: A fibre-optic fluorescing sensor based on a film of the pH-sensitive molecule 2-napthol, hydrogen-bonded to a matrix of poly(ethylene oxide), is described. The indicator molecule has well-defined fluorescence peaks, due to protonated and deprotonated forms, and the relative proportions of these change in response to interaction with amine vapours. No significant quenching by oxygen is apparent and water vapour does not influence the behaviour below a relative humidity of 90%. At higher humidities the effect is pronounced. The lower limit for reliable detection of monoethanolamine (MEA), and several other amines, is better than 1 μM (24 ppm). The sensor responds reversibly and the time taken to achieve 90% of full-scale variation is approximately 45 s. Recovery to 90% of initial response takes around 5 min.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical approach to the diffusion of the vapours and their condensation at the crystal surface is presented, showing that the supersaturation is a function of the transport resistance and the surface resistance.
16 citations