Showing papers on "Vehicular communication systems published in 2003"

MAC for dedicated short range communications in intelligent transport system

Abstract: The need for critical improvements to the North American surface transportation infrastructure vis-a-vis alleviation of congestion while enhancing public safety has led to new intelligent transportation system (ITS) infrastructure based on vehicle-to-vehicle (v2v) wireless communications. The allocation of 75 MHz in the 5.9 GHz band for dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) may also enable future delivery of rich media content to vehicles at short to medium ranges via vehicle-to-roadside (v2e) links. Recently, AASTM committee E17.51 endorsed a variant of the IEEE wireless LAN standard, denoted 802.11a roadside applications (R/A), as the platform for the DSRC link and data link layer. In this article, we provide a tutorial overview of DSRC applications and assess IEEE802.11 PHY and MAC layer characteristics in this context. It is anticipated that current 802.11 specifications need to be suitably altered to meet requirements for DSRC environments of multihop connectivity, high vehicle mobility, and heterogeneous services with a variety of QoS requirements for which the original design was not intended. This article captures the current state of the art of 802.11-based multiple access protocols and highlights open research issues.

Method and apparatus for vehicle-to-vehicle communication

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for vehicle-to-vehicle communication between vehicles having vehicle-to-vehicle communication apparatuses. When a vehicle transmits a request, a network is formed including the vehicle that has transmitted the request and the vehicles that should respond to the request. The vehicles included in the network respond to the request or take action in response to the request.

Efficient discovery of Internet gateways in future vehicular communication systems

Abstract: Future road communication scenarios are expected to deploy a radio ad hoc communication technology for the transmission of data between vehicles. Such ad hoc networks are able to support low latencies and cost efficiency, which is very important for, e.g., safety related applications. In addition to vehicle-to-vehicle communication, users also will be interested in accessing Internet services from within the vehicular network. Access can be gained by using roadside installed Internet Gateways, which are able to communicate with the vehicles. However, several difficulties must be addressed in such a scenario. Examples are the interoperability of communication protocol, mobility support, communication efficiency, the discovery of Internet gateways, and the handover of connections from one gateway to the next. In this paper, we are focusing on the aspect of discovering the Internet gateways. We therefore developed a service discovery protocol, which is highly optimized for the characteristics of future vehicular ad hoc networks. Besides the benefit of efficient service discovery, our protocol is able to choose the most suitable Internet gateway among others using fuzzy methods. Furthermore, evaluations show that we are able to decrease the overhead caused by the service discovery process significantly.

A cooperative vehicular identification system

Abstract: Cooperative Vehicular Identification Systems and Methods (figure 10), capable of monitoring and recording vehicular law violations, with the assistance and cooperation of the vehicles in violation, are disclosed. Real-time information from vehicular sensors is communicated to a Central Processing Unit (CPU). Strategically located Interrogator devices (Interrogators), on roads/highways, at intersections, in and around school zones, integrated with traffic lights, etc., issue inquiries/interrogations to passing-by vehicles. Vehicles proximate to such Interrogators respond with unique identifying information and with parameter lists provided by their vehicular sensors. Each Interrogator inquiry can provide data, including the lawful parameter limits associated with its location. In response to having successfully decoded an inquiry, and in response to the state of its vehicular sensors, a vehicular Transponder may transmit information to the specific Interrogator that has issued an inquiry. The Interrogator then relays relevant identifying information to the CPU for further processing.

Cartalk 2000: Development of a co-operative ADAS based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication

Abstract: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) benefit from using vehicle-to-vehicle communication. In the 5th framework EC project CarTALK2000 co-operative ADAS are designed, tested and evaluated with respect to increasing traffic safety, efficiency and driving comfort. Communication based longitudinal control (CBLC) systems extend the driver’s horizon and supplement state-of-the-art ACC and Stop&Go systems. Research in communication and positioning technology is used to design longitudinal co-operative vehicle control systems by TNO and DaimlerChrysler AG. Conditioned evaluation tests of the CBLC systems give an impression of the benefits of co-operative driving.

Intelligent transportation systems benefits and costs: 2003 update

Abstract: The increasing demand for travel by highway and public transit in the United States is causing the transportation system to reach the limits of its existing capacity. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can help ease this strain through the application of modern information technology and communications. This report is a continuation of a series of reports providing a synthesis of the information collected by the United States Department of Transportation's ITS Joint Program Office on the impact that ITS projects have on the operation of the surface transportation network. New in this 2003 report is the inclusion of cost information for representative ITS deployments; previous reports contained only benefits information. Information in this report is drawn from the ITS Benefits and Unit Costs Database, a regularly updated repository of such information, available on the Internet at http://www.benefitcost.its.dot.gov/. The report presents material from the database that describes the impacts and costs of the intelligent transportation infrastructure as well as intelligent vehicle applications.

On the effectiveness of distributing information among vehicles using inter-vehicle communication

Abstract: Recently, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are becoming an important research topic. One goal of ITS is to distribute information among vehicles in a timely and efficient manner. In the ITS research community, inter-vehicle communications (IVC) is considered in a way that may be able to achieve this goal. An information network built on top of vehicles using IVC can be viewed as a type of mobile ad hoc networks. Although several information and distribution protocols for mobile ad hoc networks have been proposed, how well they can be applied to an IVC network is still poorly studied. For this reason, based on reasonable vehicle traces generated by a microscopic traffic simulator, this paper studies the effectiveness of distributing information among vehicles using multi-hop inter-vehicle communications.

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication method and apparatus

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce traffic volume and to relay data over a wide range. SOLUTION: In the vehicle-to-vehicle communication method for relaying and communicating transmitted information in order between vehicles, when broadcasting the transmitted information to surrounding vehicles, a vehicle (A) designates repeater vehicles (D, H), and the repeater vehicles are allowed to broadcast the received information to a vehicle (E; F) around said repeater vehicles. When determining the repeater vehicle, the vehicle (A) receives the location information from the surrounding vehicles, refers to map information to specify branch roads (RD1, RD2) where the surrounding vehicles are located, and determines a surrounding vehicle (D; H) which is farthest away from the present vehicle on each of the branch roads as a repeater vehicle. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

The research of parking guidance and information system based on dedicated short range communication

Abstract: Parking guidance and information system (PGIS) is a part of intelligent transportation system (ITS). As a new short-range wireless transmission technology. Dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) is a rock-bottom communication technique of ITS, which realizes the communication between roads and vehicles. In this paper, the DSRC system was introduced. The architecture of PGIS based on DSRC was built up. The information provided by PGIS, as well as its functions and characteristics, was discussed. The key problems in implementing PGIS were put forward.

Towards the applications of multi-agent techniques in intelligent transportation systems

Abstract: As a new development in information technology, multi-agent technique can help to respond to the growing interest in making traffic and transportation more efficient, resource saving and ecological. This paper gives an overview of a diverse range of applications where multi-agent systems promise to create a great impact in ITS domain. Furthermore, further investigation directions and their feasibility and prospect are discussed.

A novel intelligent transportation monitoring and management system based on GPRS

Abstract: In this paper, we review the status of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). We describe a novel intelligent transportation monitoring and management system based on GPRS wireless communication technology designed and realized by us, present the logic structure and functions of this system, and explain its integrated working mechanism. Furthermore, we explore the ways to realize such a system and key technologies involved. Finally, we point out the near-future development directions of ITS in China based on GPRS wireless communication.

The benefits of intelligent transport systems: modelling the effects of different ITS systems

Abstract: Mobility and transportation are the engine to economic growth of a country. Unfortunately this engine shows the signs of the times (i.e. congestion, accessibility and road safety problems), since it is often designed without much consideration for the increasing population of a country, especially in the developing world. At the moment, in nearly all urban areas in South Africa, the common signs of an ineffective traffic and transport (management) system can be experienced: traffic jams during peak hours, little or no use of public transport by the affluent population group, unreliable and unsafe trains and taxis, and unsatisfied customers. Many researchers worldwide are looking for opportunities to improve the situation by implementing technology in the transportation field. Although the research efforts are increasing, the field itself is still new and not explored to its full potential. The annual ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) world conference has only been organised for the last seven years. ITS is the integrated application of advanced sensor, computer, electronics, and communications technologies and management strategies providing traveller information to increase the safety and efficiency of surface transportation systems (Intelligent Transport Systems Deployment Network). According to the ITS Co-operative Deployment Network, the following are the projected benefits of ITS expected in the US (period 1996-2015); ! 44% accident cost savings ! 41% time savings ! 6% emissions/fuel savings ! 5% operating cost savings ! 4% agency cost savings ! Less than 1% other savings. It is not easy to estimate the impact of ITS measures. The fact that ITS is still a relatively new field, results in limited practical experience. Current expectations are mainly based on modelling exercises. This paper gives an overview of ITS measures that have been modelled and the expected effects based on the modelling exercises. Possibilities to model ITS measures are still very limited. This paper provides an overview of ITS modelling results in general and gives an indication of ITS measures, which look promising in the developing world. 1 Courtesy of Apogee Report on Global ITS Benefits; http://www.nawgits.com/nawg/itsaware/mod1/sld012.htm 2 Security improvement is an important expected benefit as well, but it was not mentioned in the Courtesy of Apogee Report

Toward a fully automated and intelligent marine transportation system

Abstract: This paper presents a review on results of studies carried out toward a fully automated and intelligent marine transportation system, including: current status of marine transportation systems, contents of virtual vessel traffic service, intelligent marine traffic systems, marine intelligent transport systems; a concept of fully automated and intelligent ships. Main conclusions and further study directions are also pointed out.

Communications for Intelligent Transportation Systems

Abstract: The paper presents an overview of the evolution of research in the field of communications for ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems). After a brief description of the services aimed at improving safety and efficiency of road transport, a synthetic view of the past and current research activities is presented and the role of communication-based systems for ITS service provision is discussed. Several examples of dedicated systems currently studied are presented, afterwards the attention is focused on the assessment of existing relevant standards in mobile communications to define and activate new ITS services. As far as dedicated solutions are concerned, the paper shows some results related to radars as well as 60 GHz and infrared communication systems. An example of ITS service provision by means of an already standardized system is given evaluating the feasibility of an Emergence Warning service based on GPRS (General Packet Radio Service); furthermore the performance of road-to-vehicle and target-to-vehicle communication, based on Bluetooth, is addressed by means of both an analytical and experimental approach. Keywords: ITS; transportation; communication systems; mobile radio, bluetooth