Vehicular communication systems

About: Vehicular communication systems is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2532 publications have been published within this topic receiving 64775 citations. The topic is also known as: V2V & vehicle-to-vehicle.

Analytical model for information flow propagation wave under an information relay control strategy in a congested vehicle-to-vehicle communication environment

Abstract: Vehicular traffic congestion in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication environment can lead to congestion effects for information flow propagation. Such congestion effects can impact whether a specific information packet of interest can reach a desired location, and if so, in a timely manner to influence the traffic system performance. Motivated by the usefulness and timeliness of information propagation, this paper aims to characterize the information flow propagation wave (IFPW) for an information packet in a congested V2V communication environment under an information relay control strategy. This strategy seeks to exclude information that is dated in the communication buffer under a first-in, first-out queue discipline, from being relayed if the information flow regime is congested. It trades off the need to enable the dissemination of every information packet as far as possible, against the congestion effects that accrue because of the presence of multiple information packets. A macroscopic two-layer model is proposed to characterize the IFPW. The upper layer is formulated as integro-differential equations to characterize the information dissemination in space and time under this control strategy. The lower layer adopts the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model to capture the traffic flow dynamics. Based on the upper layer model, a necessary condition is derived which quantifies the expected time length that needs to be reserved for broadcasting the information packet of interest so as to ensure the formation of an IFPW under a given density of V2V-equipped vehicles. When the necessary condition is satisfied under homogeneous conditions, it is shown that the information packet can be propagated at an asymptotic speed whose value can be derived analytically. Besides, under the proposed control strategy, only a proportion of vehicles (labeled asymptotic density of informed vehicles) can receive the specific information packet, which can be estimated by solving a nonlinear equation. The asymptotic IFPW speed, the asymptotic density of informed vehicles, and the necessary condition for the IFPW, help in evaluating the timeliness of information propagation and the influence of traffic dynamics on information propagation. In addition, the proposed model can be used to numerically estimate the IFPW speed for heterogeneous conditions, which can aid in the design of traffic management strategies built upon the timely propagation of information through V2V communication.

Intelligent transportation systems benefits and costs: 2003 update

Abstract: The increasing demand for travel by highway and public transit in the United States is causing the transportation system to reach the limits of its existing capacity. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can help ease this strain through the application of modern information technology and communications. This report is a continuation of a series of reports providing a synthesis of the information collected by the United States Department of Transportation's ITS Joint Program Office on the impact that ITS projects have on the operation of the surface transportation network. New in this 2003 report is the inclusion of cost information for representative ITS deployments; previous reports contained only benefits information. Information in this report is drawn from the ITS Benefits and Unit Costs Database, a regularly updated repository of such information, available on the Internet at http://www.benefitcost.its.dot.gov/. The report presents material from the database that describes the impacts and costs of the intelligent transportation infrastructure as well as intelligent vehicle applications.

Congestion Based Mechanism for Route Discovery in a V2I-V2V System Applying Smart Devices and IoT

Abstract: The Internet of Things is a new paradigm in which objects in a specific context can be integrated into traditional communication networks to actively participate in solving a determined problem. The Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) technologies are specific cases of IoT and key enablers for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). V2V and V2I have been widely used to solve different problems associated with transportation in cities, in which the most important is traffic congestion. A high percentage of congestion is usually presented by the inappropriate use of resources in vehicular infrastructure. In addition, the integration of traffic congestion in decision making for vehicular traffic is a challenge due to its high dynamic behavior. In this paper, an optimization model over the load balancing in the congestion percentage of the streets is formulated. Later, we explore a fully congestion-oriented route discovery mechanism and we make a proposal on the communication infrastructure that should support it based on V2I and V2V communication. The mechanism is also compared with a modified Dijkstra’s approach that reacts at congestion states. Finally, we compare the results of the efficiency of the vehicle’s trip with the efficiency in the use of the capacity of the vehicular network.

Light commodity devices for building vehicular ad hoc networks

Abstract: Vehicular communication networks represent both an opportunity and a challenge for providing smart mobility services by using a hybrid solution that relies on cellular connectivity and short range communications. The evaluation of this kind of network is overwhelmingly carried out in the present literature with simulations. However, the degree of realism of the results obtained is limited because simulations simplify real world interactions too much in many cases. In this article, we define an outdoor testbed to evaluate the performance of short range vehicular communications by using real world personal portable devices (smartphones, tablets, and laptops), two different PHY standards (IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11a), and vehicles. Our test results on the 2.4?GHz band show that smartphones can be used to communicate vehicles within a range up to 75?m, while tablets can attain up to 125?m in mobility conditions. Moreover, we observe that vehicles equipped with laptops exchange multimedia information with nodes located further than 150?m. The communications on the 5?GHz band achieved an effective transmission range of up to 100?m. This, together with the optimization of the protocols used, could take our commodity lightweight devices to a new realm of use in the next generation of ad hoc mobility communications for moving through the city.

Aspects and trends in realistic VANET simulations

Abstract: Realistic simulations of Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are necessary to evaluate novel technologies based on such networks and to prove benefits obtained from their implementation. This survey gathers from several research domains aspects that increase the quality of VANET simulations. It explains a multi-fold nature of VANETs and presents main building blocks of their simulation-traffic and network simulators. The paper proposes a comprehensive architecture for VANET simulation platform that focuses on producing reliable results. The architecture contains traffic and network simulators that communicate with each other in a dynamic and bi-directional way. The concept of a realistic traffic generator is introduced. It uses real-world data (e.g. maps, traffic volume counts) to model an activity-based traffic varying in time. The traffic generator aims at reproducing accurate vehicular traces for urban scenario. A higher level of realism can be obtained by modelling of human behaviour with intelligent agents and by the implementation of related subsystems, like traffic management and control or weather factors.