Vehicular communication systems

About: Vehicular communication systems is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2532 publications have been published within this topic receiving 64775 citations. The topic is also known as: V2V & vehicle-to-vehicle.

Machine Learning for Security in Vehicular Networks: A Comprehensive Survey

Abstract: Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as an attractive and viable technique to provide effective solutions for a wide range of application domains. An important application domain is vehicular networks wherein ML-based approaches are found to be very useful to address various problems. The use of wireless communication between vehicular nodes and/or infrastructure makes it vulnerable to different types of attacks. In this regard, ML and its variants are gaining popularity to detect attacks and deal with different kinds of security issues in vehicular communication. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of ML-based techniques for different security issues in vehicular networks. We first briefly introduce the basics of vehicular networks and different types of communications. Apart from the traditional vehicular networks, we also consider modern vehicular network architectures. We propose a taxonomy of security attacks in vehicular networks and discuss various security challenges and requirements. We classify the ML techniques developed in the literature according to their use in vehicular network applications. We explain the solution approaches and working principles of these ML techniques in addressing various security challenges and provide insightful discussion. The limitations and challenges in using ML-based methods in vehicular networks are discussed. Finally, we present observations and lessons learned before we conclude our work.

Performance assessment of fragmentation mechanisms for vehicular delay-tolerant networks

Abstract: Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) are a new approach for vehicular communications where vehicles cooperate with each other, acting as the communication infrastructure, to provide low-cost asynchronous opportunistic communications. These communication technologies assume variable delays and bandwidth constraints characterized by a non-transmission control protocol/internet protocol architecture but interacting with it at the edge of the network. VDTNs are based on the principle of asynchronous communications, bundle-oriented communication from the DTN architecture, employing a store-carry-and-forward routing paradigm. In this sense, VDTNs should use the tight network resources optimizing each opportunistic contact among nodes. Given the limited contact times among nodes, fragmentation appears as a possible solution to improve the overall network performance, increasing the bundle delivery probability. This article proposes the use of several fragmentation approaches (proactive, source, reactive, and toilet paper) for VDTNs. They are discussed and evaluated through a laboratory testbed. Reactive and toilet paper approaches present the best results. It was also shown that only the source fragmentation approach presents worst results when compared with non-fragmentation approaches.

CONVOY: A New Cluster‐Based Routing Protocol for Vehicular Networks

Abstract: The vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET) could be considered as an ad hoc extension of a cellular mobile network. Thus communications are then possible either between vehicles or from vehicle to infrastructure based-network. However, the VANET suffers from a lack of connectivity and a limited capacity. One solution is to use clustering-based protocols to communicate between vehicles. The Clustering approach is well suited for vehicular networks because the dynamics of vehicular traffic result in the formation of natural groups of vehicles. In VANET, clustering criteria have to take into account the time and spatial dynamics of vehicular traffic. In this study, we review the effective clustering criteria used for VANET self-organization to exhibit such properties as scalability and stability of the structure. Finally, we introduce and develop a new clustering-based protocol for vehicular networks, called CONVOI. We show within simulation experiments that our proposal allows to build stable convoys with limited size.

Requirement analysis for building practical accident warning systems based on Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Abstract: An Accident Warning System (AWS) is a safety application that provides collision avoidance notifications for next generation vehicles whilst Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) provide the communication functionality to exchange these notifi-cations. Despite much previous research, there is little agreement on the requirements for accident warning systems. In order to build a practical warning system, it is important to ascertain the system requirements, information to be exchanged, and protocols needed for communication between vehicles. This paper presents a practical model of an accident warning system by stipulating the requirements in a realistic manner and thoroughly reviewing previous proposals with a view to identify gaps in this area.

An auxiliary V2I network for road transport and dynamic environments

Abstract: Since vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications require a major initial outlay and continuous maintenance, they have been less frequently implemented than vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications in applications in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Nevertheless, making use of the information provided by the infrastructure – traffic signals, traffic panels, and so on – can help improve the performance of various ITS applications. The present work describes the design and implementation of a low-cost infrastructure network based on ZigBee technology to alert drivers (or even override them by using active safety systems) in the case of some unexpected circumstance on the road so that they can prepare for the appropriate handling of their vehicles. Its implementation as an auxiliary network within a larger communications scheme allows the network’s load to be reduced and its performance to be improved. The proposed architecture was tested on a real car in a real scenario with quantified results for different applications.