Vehicular communication systems

About: Vehicular communication systems is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2532 publications have been published within this topic receiving 64775 citations. The topic is also known as: V2V & vehicle-to-vehicle.

Towards intelligent transportation Cyber-Physical Systems: Real-time computing and communications perspectives

Abstract: Traffic accidents and congestion problems continue to worsen worldwide. Because of vast number of vehicles manufactured and sold every year transportation sector is significantly stressed, leading to more accidents and fatalities, and adverse environmental and economic impact. Efforts across the world for Smart Transportation Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are aimed at addressing a range of problems including reducing traffic accidents, decreasing congestion, reducing fuel consumption, reducing time spent on traffic jams, and improve transportation safety. Thus, smart transportation CPS is expected to contribute a main role in the design and development of intelligent transportation systems. The advances in embedded systems, wireless communications and sensor networks provides the opportunities to bridge the physical components and processes with the cyber world that leading to a Cyber Physical Systems (CPS). Feedback for control through wireless communication in transportation CPS is one of the major components for both safety and infotainment applications where vehicles exchange information using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) through vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) and/or vehicle-to-roadside (V2R) communications. For wireless communication IEEE has 802.11p standard for Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) for Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment (WAVE). In this paper, we present how different parameters (e.g., sensing time, association time, number for vehicles, relative speed of vehicles, overlap transmission range, etc.) affect communication in smart transportation CPS. Furthermore, we also present driving components, current trends, challenges, and future directions for transportation CPS.

Game Theory Based Opportunistic Computation Offloading in Cloud-Enabled IoV

Abstract: With the growing popularity of the fifth-generation (5G) wireless systems and cloud-enabled Internet of Vehicles, vehicular cloud has been introduced as a novel mobile device computing mode, which enables vehicles to offload their computation-intensive tasks to neighbors. In this paper, we first present a 5G cloud-enabled scenario of vehicular cloud computing where a vehicular terminal works either as a service provider with idle computation resources or a requestor who has a computation-intensive task that can be executed either locally or offloaded to nearby providers via opportunistic vehicle-to-vehicle communications. Then, we study the following issues: 1) how to determine the appropriate offloading rate of requestors; 2) how to select the most appropriate computation service provider; 3) how to identify the ideal pricing strategy for each service provider. We address the above-mentioned problems by developing a two-player Stackelberg-game-based opportunistic computation offloading scheme under situations involving complete and incomplete information that primarily considers task completion duration and service price. We simplify the former case into a common resource assignment problem with mathematical solutions. For the latter case, Stackelberg equilibriums of the offloading game are derived, and the corresponding existence conditions are concretely discussed. Finally, a Monte-Carlo simulation-based performance evaluation shows that the proposed methods can significantly reduce the task completion duration while ensuring the profit of service providers, thus achieving mutually satisfactory computation offloading decisions.

CRaSCH: A cooperative scheme for service channel reservation in 802.11p/WAVE vehicular ad hoc networks

Abstract: IEEE 802.11p is an emerging standard intended to support wireless access in the vehicular environment and to deliver both safety and non-safety applications to vehicles on the roads. Despite the massive research effort related to the design of reliable and timely schemes for dissemination of safety messages, only a few works have investigated on-the-road delivery of non-safety data traffic, such as comfort and entertainment applications (e.g., multimedia, web browsing, e-mails, e-maps), by considering the standard features and capabilities. The IEEE802.11p/WAVE (Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment) standard foresees that safety and control messages are carried over a dedicated control channel, while non safety messages can be delivered over one of a set of available service channels. In this paper, we propose a cooperative reservation scheme for service channels to be carried out by wireless nodes acting as WAVE providers. The proposal is fully compliant with the IEEE802.11p/WAVE standard and supports both V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) and V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communications. We expect that the cooperative scheme can outperform the legacy IEEE 802.11p/WAVE protocol, by reducing the cases where two or more providers choose the same service channel for non-safety traffic delivery. This would result in improved system performance without adversely affecting the delivery of safety applications on the control channel.

An Infrastructure-less Framework for Preventing Rear-End Collisions by Vehicular Sensor Networks

Abstract: We consider vehicular sensor networks (VSNs) consisting of a large number of sensor nodes deployed on vehicles to facilitate vehicular applications. We try to apply such VSNs to preventing rear-end collisions that are common accidents due to sharp stops. An infrastructure-less framework is proposed, which only relies on vehicles' onboard sensors to prevent such accidents. The proposed framework consists of a distributed warning protocol and a location-based backoff scheme. Vehicle-to-vehicle communications is used to form warning groups, where a warning group is a set of vehicles that drive along the same lane and every pair of adjacent cars is within a certain distance. Only single-hop transmissions are needed to join and leave a group, thus keeping the group maintenance overhead low. When a sudden brake event is detected in a warning group, the location-based backoff scheme can quickly propagate warning messages among its group members. Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms existing schemes.

Performance evaluation of a multi-station shared vehicle system

Abstract: In recent years, shared vehicle systems have garnered a tremendous amount of interest as an innovative transportation paradigm which can potentially alleviate traffic congestion, improve air quality, and make surface transportation more efficient. In a multi-station configuration however, these systems place an additional burden on both users and system operators to make the system successful. Intelligent transportation technology can play a key role in making these systems user-friendly, easy to manage, and efficient. However, these systems will not necessarily succeed through the blind application of separate ITS technology bundles; there is a need to tightly integrate different types of ITS technology. Further, it is important to have quantitative performance measures to measure system efficiency. In this paper, we define various performance measures for multi-station shared vehicle systems and demonstrate their use in a real-world, intelligent shared electric vehicle system operating on the University of California-Riverside campus. This system has been set up as a "testbed" to improve our understanding of the operating details of a multi-station shared vehicle system and to identify the critical operating issues to make such systems successful.