Vehicular communication systems

About: Vehicular communication systems is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2532 publications have been published within this topic receiving 64775 citations. The topic is also known as: V2V & vehicle-to-vehicle.

A review of Intelligent Transportation Systems from a communications technology perspective

Abstract: The recent advancements in electronics and computer networks, as well as the clear need for interoperability and connectivity makes communication technologies and algorithms crucial for the success of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications. This survey paper provides a classification of communication technologies concerning their use in ITS and an assessment of their effectiveness. As a result, opportunities, gaps, and issues are identified in ITS and their associated Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). Even though several communication technology types are extensively used in ITS, there are challenges and issues regarding their operational effectiveness and reliability, which are thoroughly discussed in this paper. These challenges include the distance factor, bandwidth and medium access control, time/emergency situation, routing protocols, security, and privacy. In conclusion, this paper provides suggestions for improvement and directions for successfully utilizing communication technology in the area of ITS.

Broadband vehicle-to-vehicle communication using an extended autonomous cruise control sensor

Abstract: For several years road vehicle autonomous cruise control (ACC) systems as well as anti-collision radar have been developed. Several manufacturers currently sell this equipment. The current generation of ACC sensors only track the first preceding vehicle to deduce its speed and position. These data are then used to compute, manage and optimize a safety distance between vehicles, thus providing some assistance to car drivers. However, in real conditions, to elaborate and update a real time driving solution, car drivers use information about speed and position of preceding and following vehicles. This information is essentially perceived using the driver's eyes, binocular stereoscopic vision performed through the windscreens and rear-view mirrors. Furthermore, within a line of vehicles, the frontal road perception of the first vehicle is very particular and highly significant. Currently, all these available data remain strictly on-board the vehicle that has captured the perception information and performed these measurements. To get the maximum effectiveness of all these approaches, we propose that this information be shared in real time with the following vehicles, within the convoy. On the basis of these considerations, this paper technically explores a cost-effective solution to extend the basic ACC sensor function in order to simultaneously provide a vehicle-to-vehicle radio link. This millimetre wave radio link transmits relevant broadband perception data (video, localization...) to following vehicles, along the line of vehicles. The propagation path between the vehicles uses essentially grazing angles of incidence of signals over the road surface including millimetre wave paths beneath the cars.

Implementation of WAVE/DSRC Devices for vehicular communications

Abstract: The IEEE 802.11p and IEEE 1609-family standards are developed for vehicular communications in telematics. Based on these standards, the implementation of a wireless access in vehicular environment (WAVE)/ dedicated short-range communication system (DSRC) is presented. The performance of the implemented system is evaluated via on-road testing with the WAVE short-message protocol (WSMP), which shows the efficiency of the system in vehicular environments.

A new interference aware on demand routing protocol for vehicular networks

Abstract: Vehicular communication systems represent one of the most desirable technologies when the safety, efficiency and comfort of everyday road travel need to be improved. The main advantage is the absence of an infrastructure, typical of centralized networks, that makes them very scalable and adequate for highly-variable network topologies. On the other hand, communication protocols become very complex and, sometimes, signaling overhead may waste bandwidth availability. Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) are able to provide wireless networking capability in situations where no fixed infrastructure exists and the communication among nodes can be either direct or made via relaying nodes, as in the classical ad-hoc networks. In order to relieve the effects of the co-channel interference perceived by mobile nodes, transmission channels are switched on a basis of a periodical Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) evaluation. The attention is focused on the routing level of VANET and we propose an interference aware routing scheme for multi-radio vehicular networks, wherein each node is equipped with a multi-channel radio interface. A new metric is also proposed, based on the maximization of the average SIR level of the connection between source and destination. Our solution has been integrated with the AODV routing protocol to design an enhanced Signal-to-Interference-Ratio-AODV (SIR-AODV). NS-2 has been used for implementing and testing the proposed idea, and significant performance enhancements were obtained, in terms of throughput, packet delivery and, obviously, interference.

Toward Mitigating Phantom Jam Using Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication

Abstract: Traffic jams often occur without any obvious reasons such as traffic accidents, roadwork, or closed lanes. Under moderate to high traffic density, minor perturbations to traffic flow (e.g., a strong braking motion) are easily amplified into a wave of stop-and-go traffic. This is known as a phantom jam. In this paper, we aim to mitigate phantom jams leveraging the three-phase traffic theory and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. More specifically, an efficient phantom jam control protocol is proposed in which a fuzzy inference system is integrated with a V2V-based phantom jam detection algorithm to effectively capture the dynamics of traffic jams. Per-lane speed difference under traffic congestion is taken into account in the protocol design, so that a phantom jam is controlled separately for each lane, improving the performance of the proposed protocol. We implemented the protocol in the Jist/SWAN traffic simulator. Simulations with artificially generated traffic data and real-world traffic data collected from vehicle loop detectors on Interstate 880, California, USA, demonstrate that our approach has by up to 9% and 4.9% smaller average travel times (at penetration rates of 10%) compared with a state-of-the-art approach, respectively.