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Vermiculite

About: Vermiculite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2320 publications have been published within this topic receiving 37142 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the cation exchange behavior of vermiculite using the Cu-triethylenetetramine (Cu-trien) CEC method and the influence of mechanical and chemical pretreatment, with the ammonium acetate method serving as a reference.
Abstract: The cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a characteristic property of expandable clay minerals, such as smectites and vermiculites. The aim of this work was to examine the cation exchange behavior of vermiculite using the Cu-triethylenetetramine (Cu-trien) CEC method and the influence of mechanical and chemical pretreatment, with the ammonium acetate method serving as a reference. The Cu-trien method makes rapid and direct CEC measurements possible. Three different kinds of mill were used to grind a vermiculite sample from Russia, in order to reduce the particle size to <10 μm. The Netzsch CGS 10 dry mill reduced the particle size more effectively than the other grinding methods. Chemical pretreatments were used to remove carbonates, organic matter, Fe oxides, and divalent exchangeable cations from vermiculite samples prior to CEC measurements. Subsamples of ground and chemically pretreated vermiculite samples were saturated with Na, Li, Mg, Ca, and Cu cations to determine the effect of exchangeable cations on measured CEC values. Chemical pretreatment, monovalent cation pretreatment, and 48 h of shaking time were needed to measure vermiculite CEC values effectively using the Cu-trien method.

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a 24 factorial design was used for organovermiculite preparation to assess the influence of the temperature (303 and 323 K), ethylenediamine concentration (0.1 and 0.2 mol L− 1), reaction time (24 and 48 h) and acid activation of the clay mineral (leached and non-leached samples).

19 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the mineralogy of sodic soil profiles developed on alluvium using X-ray and optical methods and found that the sand fractions showed a dominance of quartz and feldspars in association with white mica, biotite and other accessory minerals.
Abstract: Mineralogy of some sodic soil profiles developed on alluvium was investigated both by X-ray and optical methods. The sand fractions showed a dominance of quartz and feldspars in association with white mica, biotite and other accessory minerals. Semiquantitative estimates of minerals in the silt fractions indicated illite as the dominant mineral followed by mixed layers, chlorite and vermiculite. Subsequent weathering produced vermiculite, smectite and two-component (10–14 A) as well as three-component (10.14–14 A) interstratified minerals in the clay fractions. A plausible mechanism involving K depletion together with Fe2+ oxidation and subsequent movement of Fe3+ from the octahedral positions under the seasonally arid environment appeared to be responsible for the transformation of biotite to smectite through the intermediate stages of (10–14) A interstratification. The principle of ‘nucleation and silication’ has been invoked to explain the three-component interstratification.

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Sep 1961-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that macroscopic vermiculite crystals complexed with butylammonium ions absorb large quantities of water and swell in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the silicate layers.
Abstract: ORGANIC substances, either as neutral molecules or as cations, form ‘sandwich’ complexes with the expanding-lattice silicate minerals in which films of the organic substance a few Angstroms thick alternate with silicate layers 10 A. thick. Recent work has shown that macroscopic vermiculite crystals complexed with butylammonium ions absorb large quantities of water and swell in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the silicate layers1,2.

19 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202395
2022223
202163
202068
2019104
2018101