scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Vermiculite

About: Vermiculite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2320 publications have been published within this topic receiving 37142 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicated that the addition of vermiculite significantly reduces the uptake of metal pollutants by plants, confirming the possibility of using this clay in amendment treatments of metal-contaminated soils.

175 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study showed that biological wastes are potential adsorbents of Cr, which could be successfully used to reduce the Cr concentrations in tannery effluent.

171 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears that the suppression of black root rot by strain CHA0 requires sufficient iron, and iron competition is not a suppressive mechanism in this system, and it is hypothesized that HCN production has a role in disease suppression.
Abstract: Strain CHA0 of Pseudomonas fluorescens suppressed black root rot of tobacco, caused by Thielaviopsis basicola, under gnotobiotic conditions in an artificial soil containing vermiculite as clay mineral. When vermiculite was replaced by illite, P. fluorescens provided poor protection. Better protection was obtained by the addition of FeCl3 to illite. When Fe3+ chelated with ethylenediaminedi (o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (FeEDDHA) was added to illite, strain CHA0 gave good protection. Strain CHA400, a nonfluorescent, pyoverdine-negative mutant obtained by transposon insertion, protected the plant to the same extent as did the wild-type strain CHA0 in the systems containing vermiculite, illite, or illite amended with FeCl3. However, in the system containing illite and FeEDDHA, strain CHA400 gave poor protection, in contrast to strain CHA0. No differences were observed between CHA400 and CHA0 with respect to the intensity of root colonization. The survival of T. basicola was similar in both the vermiculite and the illite systems. The availability of iron in vermiculite clay was higher than in illite, as indicated by the amount of iron in soil water solution and the amount of HCN produced by P. fluorescens in minimal medium amended with the clay minerals. From these experiments, it appears that the suppression of black root rot by strain CHA0 requires sufficient iron, and iron competition is not a suppressive mechanism in this system. We hypothesize that HCN production has a role in disease suppression.

171 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the case of amphibole syenite, a specialized weathering microenvironment around each mineral grain initially produces minute phyllosilicate crystallites and a rind of clay minerals forms around the dissolving parent phase, eventually culminating in abundant 5-10 μm diameter polymer-bound aggregates of face-to-face oriented clay minerals of homogeneous composition as discussed by the authors.

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the role of soil mineralogy and aggregate stability as key variables controlling soil organic C dynamics in a California conifer forest was investigated, and a combination of aggregate protection and organo-mineral association with Al-hnmus complexes and SRO Al minerals was suggested.
Abstract: Uncertainty about the effects of climate change on terrestrial soil organic C stocks has generated interest in clarifying the processes that underlie soil C dynamic. We investigated the role of soil mineralogy and aggregate stability as key variables controlling soil C dynamics in a California conifer forest. We characterized soils derived from granite (GR) and mixed andesite-granite (AN) parent materials from similar forest conditions. Granite and AN soils contained similar day mineral assemblages as determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), dominated by vermiculite, hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite (HIV), kaolinite, and gibbsite. However, AN soils contained significantly more Al in Al-humus complexes (6.2 vs. 3.3 kg m - 2 ) and more crystalline and short-range order (SRO) Fe oxyhydroxides (30.6 vs. 16.8 kg m - 2 ) than GR soils. Andesite-granite pedons contained nearly 50% more C relative to GR soils (22.8 vs. 15.0 kg m - 2 ). Distribution of C within density and aggregate fractions (free, occluded, and mineral associated C) varied significantly between AN and GR soils. In particular, AN soils had at least twice as much mineral associated C relative to GR soils in all horizons. Based on 1 4 C measurements, occluded C mean residence time (MRT) > mineral C > free C in bath soil types, suggesting a significant role for aggregate C protection in controlling soil C turnover. We found highly significant, positive correlations between Al-humus complexes, SRO Al minerals, and total C content. We suggest that a combination of aggregate protection and organo-mineral association with Al-hnmus complexes and SRO Al minerals control the variation in soil C dynamics in these systems.

168 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Organic matter
45.5K papers, 1.6M citations
80% related
Soil water
97.8K papers, 2.9M citations
77% related
Soil organic matter
39.8K papers, 1.5M citations
77% related
Water content
49.8K papers, 1.1M citations
76% related
Sorption
45.8K papers, 1.3M citations
76% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202395
2022223
202163
202068
2019104
2018101