Showing papers on "Vinyl acetate published in 1976"

Surface impregnated catalyst

Abstract: A surface impregnated catalyst consisting essentially of a catalyst support, a palladium-gold alloy distributed in a surface layer of the catalyst support extending less than about 0.5 millimeter from the surface, and alkali metal acetate are provided. The catalyst has substantially higher specific activity than prior art catalysts used for the production of vinyl acetate.

Ocular therapeutic system manufactured from copolymer

Abstract: Drug-delivery device for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time is comprised of a shaped body of polymeric material containing a pharmaceutically acceptable drug and permeable to passage of the drug by diffusion. The polymeric material is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of about 4 to 80% by weight and a melt index of about 0.1 to 1000 grams per 10 minutes.

Oxygen barrier layers for photopolymerizable elements

Abstract: Photopolymerizable elements are provided which comprise: (1) A support, (2) an addition polymerizable photosensitive layer, and (3) a solid, water-permeable, oxygen barrier protective layer, non-strippable as an unsupported film, said layer covering the entire photosensitive layer and being coated from an aqueous solution of a water-soluble macromolecular organic polymer or copolymer, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, having dispersed therein, finely divided solid particles of a water-insoluble polymer or copolymer selected from acrylic and alkacrylic polymers or copolymers and mixtures thereof, and copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate.

Terpolymer of (a) crotonic acid (b) vinyl acetate and (c) allyl or methallyl esters

Abstract: Terpolymer of crotonic acid, vinyl acetate and an allyl or methallyl ester having the formula ##STR1## wherein R' is hydrogen or CH 3 , R 1 is a saturated hydrocarbon chain containing 1-6 carbon atoms and R 2 is --CH 3 or --CH(CH 3 ) 2 , with the proviso that the sum of the number of carbon atoms in R 1 + R 2 is equal to or less than 7. The terpolymer is employed with a cosmetic carrier or vehicle to provide a cosmetic composition for the hair, such as a hair lacquer or hair setting lotion, generally in amounts of about 1-4 weight percent of the composition.

Container with improved heat-shrunk cellular sleeve

Abstract: There is disclosed herein improved packages, and methods of forming same, of the type wherein a container, such as for example a glass container, like a bottle or jar, is provided externally thereof with a heat-shrunk, cellular thermoplastic member, circumferentially and snugly engaging a sidewall portion of the container; the improvement resides in employing, as the thermoplastic member, a composite structure, or laminate, of a closed cellular polymeric layer preponderantly of polystyrene having incorporated therein from zero weight percent up to compatible amounts of a copolymer of ethylene and an alkyl ester of alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate or a copolymer of ethylene and an alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof, and, in adhered relationship to said cellular layer, a layer of a noncellular polymeric material preponderantly of ethylene moieties having incorporated therein moieties of vinyl acetate, or an alkyl ester of alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or an alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof.

Solubilities of ethylene and other organic solutes in liquid, low‐density polyethylene in the region 124° to 300°C

Abstract: Gas-liquid chromatography was used to measure the solubilities of ethylene, n-butane, vinyl acetate, n-hexane, benzene, toluene, and n-octane in three different samples of liquid, low-density polyethylene. Solubilities in the different samples are similar. A correlation is presented for estimation of solubilities of nonpolar solutes in liquid polyethylene.

Peelable human nail coatings

Abstract: A peelable human nail coating system comprises a water emulsion of polymer resin stabilized with partially acetylated poly vinyl alcohol. The resin includes poly vinyl acetate homopolymer and poly vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer. The composition is applied in a thin area coating drying rapidly upon exposure to air. A water impermeable clear plastic container has a restrictive wiping aperture for removing excess composition on an applicator stem to prevent dripping from the stem and caking. The composition is applied to human keratinous surfaces with a liquid absorbing applicator. After drying the coating may be removed by lifting the film at the cuticle and slowly pulling backward toward the tip of the nail. The composition is substantially odor free, contains no drying organic solvents, is generally non-toxic and non-flammable.

Process for rendering ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers agglomeration-resistant

Abstract: Tacky ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers having about 35-95% by weight vinyl acetate content are rendered agglomeration-resistant by surface treatment thereof, before, during, or after forming into particles, with a basic liquid medium to hydrolyze not more than about 10% by weight of the vinyl acetate groups originally present in the copolymer, the hydrolysis being mainly confined to the surface of the particles without effecting any significant hydrolysis of the interior of the particles. Previously agglomerated particles of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers containing about 35-60% by weight of vinyl acetate are deagglomerated and rendered agglomeration-resistant by a similar treatment with a basic liquid medium. Non-pelletizable, tacky ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers containing about 60-95% by weight of vinyl acetate are rendered agglomeration-resistant, and hence pelletizable, at the expense of the hydrolysis of not more than about 10% by weight of the vinyl acetate groups present, by similar treatment before or during particle formation.

Vinyl acetate catalyst

Abstract: A Group VIII novel metal catalyst supported on an alumina carrier having an alumina content greater than 99.0%, a crystalline alpha-alumina content of greater than 96%, a theta-alumina content of less than about 3.0%, a total calcium and magnesium content of less than 750 ppm, a surface area of about 2 to 6 m 2 /g, an average crush strength of from about 20 to 45 lbs., a bulk density of less than about 1.35 g/cc, and an acetic acid loading of less than about 1.5% in 200 hours. The catalyst generally contains an alkali metal carboxylate activator and optionally a metal such as gold, copper, and the like. The catalyst is particularly useful for the preparation of unsaturated organic esters such as vinyl acetate and allyl acetate by a vapor phase process wherein a gaseous mixture of an olefinic compound, a lower carboxylic acid, and oxygen is contacted with the catalyst.

Thermally self-cross-linkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers

Abstract: A thermally self-cross-linkable ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer consisting essentially of the following monomer units: A from 5 to 50% by weight of ethylene, B from 30 to 87% by weight of vinyl acetate, C from 2 to 10% by weight of a copolymerizable compound containing an N-methylol group, D from 5 to 20% by weight of an acryl compound selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylate and alkyl methacrylate where alkyl has from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, E from 05 to 3% by weight of a mono-olefinically-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and F up to 1% by weight of a poly-olefinically-unsaturated monomer, and having a glass transition temperature of between -40° and +10° C; as well as the process for its preparation

Flexible packaging films of high density polyethylene capable of forming easily openable heatseals

Abstract: Flexible packaging films of high density polyethylene capable of forming easily openable heatseals can be made by coextruding a layer of the high density polyethylene adjacent to a layer of a blend of an ionomer and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate or an ester of acrylic and or methacrylic acid. Packages made from the films by forming a blend-to-blend heatseal can be opened by a force between one and five pounds per inch width.

Degradation of polymer mixtures. VIII. Blends of poly(vinyl acetate) with poly(methyl methacrylate)

Abstract: The degradation of blends of PVA and PMMA in the form of films cast from a common solution of the polymers has been studied by TVA, TG, and EGA (evolved gas analysis) for acetic acid. Volatile degradation products have been characterized by spectroscopic and GLC techniques. Molecular weight, spectral and thermal stability changes in PMMA extracted from partially degraded blends have been examined. These blends behave in a closely analogous manner to PVC-PMMA blends already investigated. The results suggest that the PMMA component of the heterogeneous blends is modified in two ways: (1) in a destabilization reaction series initiated by attack of acetate radicals generated in the PVA phase which migrate into the PMMA phase, and (2) in a stabilization reaction involving conversion of ester side groups to acid and subsequently to anhydride ring structures which act as blocking points for depolymerization. The rate of acetic acid production in the blend is less than in PVA degraded alone. The mechanism of degradation of PVA is reconsidered in the light of these results.

Functional monomers and copolymers thereof

Abstract: Novel copolymerizable esters of cinnamic acid or an ω-alkenoic acid of from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, such as undecylenic acid, with certain hydroxyalkane sulfonic acids, such as isethionic acid, are described together with processes of making them and copolymers thereof. These novel copolymerizable esters may be made by reaction of the ω-alkenoic or cinnamic acid with the hydroxyalkane sulfonic acid or a sultone, such as propane sultone. These novel ester are useful as copolymerizable surfactants in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers; particularly for the production of self-stabilizing latices of polymeric materials possessing excellent mechanical stability and from which can be deposited films having improved adhesion, pigment wetting and bonding properties and greatly improved resistance to water. They are also useful as comonomers for the production of polymeric materials having sulfonic acid functionality, such as polyelectrolyte materials based on acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylates, methacrylates, styrene, etc.; for example, when used as a comonomer in the production of fibers and films based on the above monomers, they impart improved dye receptivity and anti-static properties to the polymeric fibers and films so made.

Emulsifiers useful for emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers

Abstract: In the emulsion polymerization of polymers which comprise monomers selected from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkyl esters of those acids and which may also comprise other compatible vinyl monomers such as styrene, vinyl acetate, N-methylolacrylamide, acrylonitrile, itaconic acid and the like, the emulsifier for the emulsion polymerization is a surface-active agent having the formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## is the acyl radical of a fatty acid having 7 to 21 carbon atoms and M is selected from ammonium, the alkali metals, and certain alkaline earth metals, and x is 1 to 3.

Hydrolyzed vinyl acetate-vinyl alkoxy silane polymers

Abstract: A polymer of vinylacetate and a vinylalkoxysilane wherein the alkoxy groups of said vinylalkoxysilane are in a saponified form and the acetyl groups of said vinylacetate are at least partially saponified, the vinyl silane radicals of said copolymer having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R is hydrogen, aryl, cycloalkyl or a branched or unbranched saturated alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; Ma is an alkali metal, NH 4 or H; n is 0 to 2; A process for preparing such a saponified copolymer by contacting a solution of vinylacetate-vinylalkoxysilane copolymer with an alcoholic solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, isolating a precipitated copolymer and dissolving said copolymer in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide or aqueous ammonia solution; the use of said copolymer as a surface coating agent for inorganic silicaceous substrates.

Aqueous flowable concentrates of particulate water-insoluble pesticides

Abstract: Flowable aqueous pesticidal concentrates comprising water, 10 to 80% by weight, based on the water, of a water-insoluble solid particulate pesticide and a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate polymer having about 5 to 15 mols of vinyl acetate per 100 mols of copolymer and a molecular weight of at least 50,000, wherein the weight ratio of pesticide to copolymer is in the range of 1:1 and 1000:1. These concentrates are compatible with other agricultural chemicals systems. This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 206,516, filed Dec. 9, 1971 now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation of application Ser. No. 829,769, filed June 2, 1969, now abandoned.

Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsions having improved water resistance

Abstract: Adhesive compositions consisting essentially of an aqueous emulsion of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer prepared in the presence of protective colloid comprising fully hydrolyzed vinyl alcohol copolymer containing methyl methacrylate have improved water resistance.

Conformations of Vinyl Formate and Vinyl Acetate

Abstract: Ab initio molecular orbital theory has been used to deduce the preferred gas-phase conformations of vinyl formate and vinyl acetate. In addition, experimental dipole moments (1030μ/Cm) and molar Kerr constants (1027mK/m5 V-2 mol-1) at 25oC are reported for both molecules as solutes in carbon tetrachloride: vinyl formate (5.07, + 48.1) and vinyl acetate (5.70, + 3.8). The preferred solution-state conformations indicated by the analysis of these results are shown to be consistent with the theoretical predictions.

Cosmetic emulsions containing N-vinylpyrrolidone-alkyl acrylate copolymers

Abstract: Water-in-oil emulsions wherein the emulsifier consists essentially of a copolymer or terpolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone with a C6-24 alkyl or cycloalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, and vinyl acetate if desired, and the continuous phase is a cosmetically acceptable oily material which can be prepared easily, safely and inexpensively. The emulsions are substantially odorless and are cosmetically acceptable for the care of the skin.

Method of treating a subterranean formation with a polymeric diverting agent

Abstract: A water-insoluble particulate composition having controlled slow oil-solubility at temperatures in excess of 350° F. is disclosed. The composition is comprised of solid particles of a homogeneous mixture of (1) polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing about 15 to 30 weight percent vinyl acetate, or admixtures of these polymers; (2) a polyamide having a melting point of between about 400° F. and 460° F.; and (3) a softening agent such as a long chain aliphatic diamide having a melting point between about 280° F. and 300° F., or a polyterpene resin having a melting point of between 230° F. and 275° F. Also disclosed is a method of using this particulate composition in well drilling and treating operations where formation temperatures of 350° F. or above are encountered.

Water-in-oil creams with polymeric emulsifiers

Abstract: Cosmetic emulsions containing from 2 to 20% by weight of polymeric emulsifiers capable of forming water-in-oil creams comprising a copolymer of N-vinylimidazole, an alkyl (meth)acrylate and optionally vinyl acetate; 20 to 75% by weight of water; and the remainder to 100% by weight of a cosmetically-acceptable oily substance.

Surface modification of polyethylene by radiation-induced grafting for adhesive bonding. I. Relationship between adhesive bond strength and surface composition

Abstract: A number of vinyl monomers have been surface grafted onto a polyethylene sheet by the mutual irradiation in monomer vapor and by a trapped-radical technique. The surface composition of the grafted sheets has been determined by means of ATR infrared spectrophotometry and compared with the peel strength of the joints bonded with conventional structural adhesives. In the methyl acrylate grafts followed by a saponification treatment, only the surfaces having graft compositions of more than 80 mole-% methyl acrylate give a high peel strength. A similar relationship between peel strength and surface composition is found in the surface grafts of vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, and methylolacrylamide. It is concluded that the formation of a surface with such a high monomer content is a necessary condition for the strong adhesive bonding of grafted polyethylenes at bonding temperatures below the softening point. Moreover, the adhesive bondability of the highly modified surfaces with epoxy adhesives is significantly enhanced by the introduction of carboxy and carbamyl radicals.

Homogeneous dispersions of diorganopolysiloxane compositions in mineral oils

Abstract: Homogeneous and stable dispersions of organosiloxane polymers in mineral oils are provided by mixing at a temperature above 80° C. organosiloxane polymer compositions and mineral oil compositions and solid ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer. Such dispersions are excellent foam inhibitors for lubricating oil compositions.

Unsaturated hydantoin coagents

Abstract: of the Disclosure Unsaturated hydantoin derivatives of the formula or where R1 and R2 are for example alkyl, R3 is vinyl, allyl, alkylene, substituted alkylene or polyvalent aralkyl, R4 is vinyl or allyl and n is 1 to 3, with the proviso that, when n is 1, R3 and R4 cannot both be vinyl, are coagents for curing polymeric compositions to improve their physical, chemical and electrical properties. These coagents are particularly useful in crosslinking PVC, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene and poly(ethylene/vinyl acetate) compositions.

Degradation of polymer mixtures. VII. Blends of poly(vinyl acetate) with polystyrene

Abstract: The degradation of films containing both PVA and PS has been investigated for comparison with the behavior already reported for PVC/PS blends. The presence of PS had little, if any, effect on the behavior of PVA, but PVA had an effect similar to that of PVC on the degradation of PS. Styrene production was retarded in the blend, compared to PS alone, and an increase in the rate of chain scission was observed for a high molecular weight sample. The molecular weight effect, however, was much smaller than in corresponding experiments with PVC/PS blends. Interference with intermolecular transfer in PS is again advanced as the probable explanation of the stabilization of PS.