Showing papers on "Vinyl acetate published in 1984"

Ink jet printing substrate

Abstract: A printing substrate adapted to receive ink droplets to form an image generated by an ink jet printer which comprises a transparent support carrying a layer comprising at least 70 weight percent polyurethane and 5 to 30 weight percent of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, poly(ethyleneoxide), gelatin and polyacrylic acid.

Adsorption of water‐soluble, nonionic polymers onto cellulosic fibers

Abstract: The adsorption of 12 different nonionic water-soluble polymers, methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), polygalactomannan (PGM), polyglycidol (PGD), polyacrylamide (PAAm), methylolated polyacrylamide (MPAAm), polymethacrylamide (PMAAm), three differently hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate)s (PVAs), poly(vinyl) methyl ether (PVME), and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) onto bleached kraft pulp (BK), unbleached kraft pulp (UK), and a groundwood pulp (MP) has been investigated under aqueous conditions with attention to the functional groups in the polymers and the chemical character of the pulps. It was found that the adsorption was often selective toward one of the pulps. In order to gain some additional information on these interactions, some adsorption experiments were also performed on acetylated pulps. Some polymers (PGD, PAAm, MPAAm, and PVA 124) having both proton donating and accepting capability were not adsorbed onto any of the pulps. This was attributed to intramolecular hydrogen bonding in these polymers. Some polymers (PVA 224, PVME, and PVP) were strongly adsorbed onto UK but not at all onto BK. It was suggested that in these cases the adsorptive interaction was between phenolic and/or catecholic groups in the lignin on the UK and proton accepting sites on the polymers. However, for three polymers (MC, PGM, and PMAAm), a more general type of hydrogen bonding interaction was considered. For some polymers (HPC, PMAAm, and PVA 420) having hydrophobic groups, it was suggested that hydrophobic interactions were important for the adsorption.

Storm window film comprising at least five layers

Abstract: A five layered thermoplastic film having a desired combination of physical characteristics is disclosed. The film may be utilized to form storm windows. A preferred palindromic embodiment of the film comprises a core layer consisting essentially of either (a) a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate or (b) a three component blend of (a) a linear low density polyethylene, (b) a linear medium density polyethylene and (c) an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. The preferred embodiment also comprises two intermediate layers each consisting essentially of a linear low density polyethylene and two surface layers each consisting essentially of a four component blend of (1) a linear low density polyethylene, (2) a linear medium density polyethylene, (3) a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate and (4) one or more light stabilizers. Appropriate slip, antiblock and antioxidant agents may also be present.

Free Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization

Abstract: Ring-opening polymerization has been exploited for incorporation of functional groups such as ethers, esters, amides, and carbonates into the backbone of polymers. However, it is difficult to use commercially available vinyl monomers for copolymerization in the ionic ring-opening polymerization investigated much thus far. Radical ring-opening polymerization would afford a general solution to copolymerization of ring-opening monomers with various kinds of vinyl monomers. Thus, this process makes possible the synthesis of commercially available vinyl polymers containing functional groups such as ether, ester, and ketone groups in the backbone of polymers.(1)

Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer binder emulsions for medical-surgical nonwoven fabrics

Abstract: A vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer binder emulsion prepared by the copolymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene in the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol which is 50 to 99 mole % hydrolyzed and has a 100 to 375 degree of polymerization such that it demonstrates a viscosity of about 2.4 to 4 as a 4% aqueous solution at 20° C. Nonwoven fabrics bond with such copolymers possess surprisingly improved softness while maintaining toughness.

Vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer emulsions exhibiting both partially- and fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol compatibility

Abstract: A vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer emulsion exhibiting both partially- and fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol compatibility which comprises an aqueous colloidal dispersion of a copolymer prepared by the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene in the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol stabilizing system having an 8 to 10 mole % residual vinyl acetate content, especially comprising a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol having a 3 to 6 mole % vinyl acetate content and a polyvinyl alcohol having a 10 to 14 mole % vinyl acetate content in a ratio that yields an average residual vinyl acetate content of 8 to 10 mole %. When blended with a partially- or fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol to provided an adhesive composition, such compositions demonstrate an enhanced plasticizer thickening.

Hot-melt adhesive

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a hot-melt adhesive exhibiting strong adhesion in the bonding of plastics to metal, esp. iron and steel materials, prepared by mixing specified ethylene copolymer, polyamide resin, rubber and rust preventive in a specified blend ratio. CONSTITUTION: The adhesive is prepared by blending (A) 50W90wt% ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymer having a hydrolysis ratio of 50W90wt%, (B) 5W30wt% polyamide resin having an amine value of 0.5W15, (C) 5W30wt% styrene/ butadiene/styrene or styrene/isoprene/styrene block copolymer having a styrene content of less than 30wt% and (D) 1.0W30wt% quick lime or slaked lime. Preferred ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer contains 0.1W5.0wt% graft polymerized unsatd. carboxylic acid and the preferred polyamide resin has a softening point of 80W180°C. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Vinyl acetate-ethylene binder composition having good wet tensile strength and low heat seal temperature for nonwoven products

Abstract: An emulsion composition is disclosed which provides a binder having good wet tensile strength and low heat seal temperature for nonwoven products which comprises an aqueous dispersion of a mixture consisting essentially of 50 to 95 wt % of a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and 5 to 50 wt % of a vinyl acetate-ethylene-crosslinking monomer copolymer.

Photodegradation of some poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends: PVC/ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers and PVC/butadiene‐acrylonitrile (NBR) copolymers

Abstract: Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and its blends with polybutadiene-acrylonitrile (NBR) (containing 21.7 weight-percent acrylonitrile (AN), a heterogeneous two-phase system; and containing 41.6 weight-percent of AN, a homogeneous one-phase system) and with polyethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) (containing 45 weight-percent of vinyl acetate (VA), a heterogenous two-phase system; and containing 65 weight-percent VA, a homogeneous one-phase system) were UV-irradiated (at 3500 A UV-light (solar spectrum)). After UV irradiation the kinetics measurements were made of the formation of hydroperoxy (OOH) and carbonyl (CO) groups and the changes of mechanical properties: tensile strength, elongation to break, and impact energy. As a result of the photooxidative degradation of PVC blends, decreases of mechanical properties were observed. The effects are more severe in PVC/NBR blends, which contain unsaturated bonds (polybutadiene segments) than in the case of PVC/EVA. The phase structure plays an evident role on the UV degradation only of PVC/NBR blends. The photostability of PVC blends can be slightly improved by introducing Tinuvin P or Ni-chelates photostabilizers.

Process for continuous production of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer

Abstract: An improved process for continuously producing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing 20 to 50 mole % of ethylene is provided. An aliphatic alcohol solvent is employed in the polymerization vessel. Ethylene vapor discharged from the polymerization vessel is introduced into the tubes of the lower part of a multi-tubular heat exchanger. Vinyl acetate is introduced into the upper part of the heat exchanger and caused to flow through said tubes, thereby effecting absorption and solubilization of ethylene into the vinyl acetate. The solubilized ethylene and vinyl acetate is passed to the polymerization vessel. The process of this invention permits the stable production of the copolymer over a long period of time.

Process for preparing fiberboard

Abstract: In a one-step process for preparing fiberboard, an aqueous treating composition comprising about 3-20%, preferably 5-15%, by weight of an acrylic or vinyl acetate emulsion or solution polymer and about 0.05 to 3.0% by weight of a fluid, water-soluble organosilicone copolymer of dimethylpolysiloxane-polyalkylene ether is applied to the fiber panel prior to final compression. The treating composition acts both as a platen release agent during compression and a tempering agent for imparting water-resistance.

Microwave Drying of Polymers

Abstract: The technical feasibility of using microwaves to dry various types of commercial polymers was investigated in batch-mode experiments with a 1-k W microwave generator/cavity. The polymers tested were polypropylene, low-density polyethylene, hydroxyelhyl cellulose, polyisoprene rubber, and vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer. A variety of microwave-drying conditions was employed, including input power levels between 100 and 1000 W. and sample amounts from 5 to 100 g. A series of drying curves (moisture content versus time) was generated, and changes in the physical properties of the dried materials were determined. The results show that the polyolefin resins, polypropylene and polyethylene, are very good candidates for drying with microwave energy. Hydroxyethyl cellulose and vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, on the other hand, demonstrated good potential only under some drying conditions, while for others, severe degradation (burning) of these materials occurred. Finally, polyisoprene rubbe...

Container superior in crack resistance

Abstract: A multi-layered packaging container superior in crack resistance, said container being made up of an outer layer of thermoplastic resin and an inner layer of saponified product of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer characterized in that the ethylene content is 25 to 60 mole %, the degree of saponification of the vinyl acetate component is higher than 96 mole %, the melt viscosity index is lower than 1, the specific gravity (d) is in the range specified by the formula (1) below, and Y1 and Y2 are in the range specified by the formula (2) below: 1.274-4.4×10-3 X

Thermoplastic resin composition

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a compsn. flexible in the absence of plasticizers, excellent in transparency, heat resistance, weatherability, and low-temp. flexibility, by incorporating ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer and particular block copolymer with vinyl chloride resin. CONSTITUTION:A thermoplastic resin compsn. which contains, as components, vinyl chloride resin, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, and block copolymer of formula A-B-A (wherein A is a styrene polymer; B is a diene polymer). Said compsn. is transparent and excellent in flexibility, and has remarkably good heat resistance, thus being capable of use in a variety of fields where conventional resins are hardly usable so far, such as medical equipment (blood bag, infusion bag, catheter, blood circuit, circuit for artificial heart, surgical glove, etc.). In addn., it can also be used in laser, film for table ware package, tape substrate, wire coating materials, etc.

Toughened thermoset laminates

Abstract: Disclosed is a water-based thermosetting epoxy composition of a water compatible epoxy resin, about 5 to about 35%, based on a total solids, of a water compatible impact modifier, about 1.5 to about 7%, based on the weight of the epoxy resin, of a water compatible epoxy hardener, up to about 0.3%, based on the weight of the epoxy resin, of a catalyst, and sufficient water to provide a viscosity of about 100 to about 500 centipoises. The impact modifier is a copolymer of about 10 to about 60% ethylene, propylene, or mixtures thereof, and about 40 to about 90% vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, or mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are laminates prepared from this composition and a method of preparing them.

Semiconductive resin composition

Abstract: A semiconductive resin composition used in power cables having excellent properties is disclosed, which comprises 100 parts by weight of a base resin of at least one member selected from the group consisting of a low-density polyethylene, an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 25% by weight or less and an ethylene/(meth)acrylate copolymer having a (meth)acrylate content of 20% by weight or less, and 6 to 25 parts by weight of electroconductive carbon black having a DBP-absorption number of 220 to 340 ml/100 g and an impurity metal residue of 0.2% by weight or less.

Multi-layered thermoplastic structures comprising a layer of a vinyl or vinylidene fluoride polymer bonded to a layer of an alpha-olefin polymer

Abstract: Multi-layered thermoplastic structures comprising a layer of a vinyl or vinylidene fluoride polymer bonded to a layer of an alpha-olefin polymer with the joint aid of a vinyl acetate polymer and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate. The multi-layered thermoplastic structures can be in the form of films, sheets, plates or tubes which can be used in the field of protection from corrosion or ultra-violet rays.

Foamable polymer blend compositions

Abstract: Compatible blends of an ethylene/methacrylic or ethylene/acrylic acid dipolymer or a terpolymer with n-butyl or isobutyl acrylate with an ethylene/X/Y terpolymer, where X is vinyl acetate or an alkyl acrylate and Y is CO or SO 2 , with an elastomer, a blowing agent, and a curing agent can be readily formed into stiff foamed articles having very good physical properties, especially split tear and tensile strength. The foamed articles are useful, among others, in such applications as footwear, insulation, shock absorbance, floatation devices, seals and, gaskets.

High-temperature coupling of high-speed GPC with continuous viscometry. II. Ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers

Abstract: An application of the high temperature coupling of a gel permeation chromatograph with a home-made continuous viscometric detector is described. It concerns the comprehensive characterization of ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers. Suitable chromatographic conditions are chosen to enable a correct use of the universal calibration concept. Through analysis of poly(vinyl acetate) fractions and commercial polyethylene samples, a comparison is made with the results of classical measurements. Average molecular weights as well as intrinsic viscosity appear to be in good agreement within experimental error, which proves the system for the characterization of random ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers. In attempting to obtain a reliable estimate of long chain branching frequency λ, a series of commercial samples has been selected, with the vinyl acetate weight fraction within the range 0–45%. As a rule, experimental viscosity law exhibits two parts, a straight line with a Mark–Houwink exponent 0.7 in the low molecular weight region and a curvature, well smoothed by a third-degree polynomial regression. Consequently, long chain branching does not appear before a limiting molecular weight of about 50,000. Beyond this limit, λ is 0.5 × 10−4, with no dependence on molecular weight, which resembles low density polyethylene.

Characterization of copolymers of vinyl acetate with ethyl α‐cyanocinnamate

Abstract: Alternating and random copolymers of ethyl α-cyanocinnamate and vinyl acetate were studied. Infrared, 1H, and 13C spectra of the copolymers are discussed by comparison with a model compounds, poly(vinyl acetate), and various copolymers. The decomposition temperature and Tg of copolymers of various composition, studied by TMA and DSC, increase both with increasing content of ethyl α-cyanocinnamate.

Polyvinyl chloride resin composition

Abstract: PURPOSE: The titled composition generating little poisonous gas on burning, made by incorporating an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a nitrile butadiene rubber, fine particulate CaCO 3 , a plasticizer, and a flame retardant containing no halogen into a PVC resin. CONSTITUTION: To 100pts.wt. PVC resin are incorporated 5W25pts.wt. ethylene- vinyl acetate copolymer containing at least 60wt% vinyl acetate, 5W20pts.wt. nitrile butadiene rubber, 55W80pts.wt. fine particulate CaCO 3 , 30W60pts.wt. plasticizer (e.g. dioctyl phthalate), and 5W30pts.wt. flame retardant containing no halogen (e.g. Sb 2 O 3 ). EFFECT: A PVC resin composition having well-balanced properties such as processability, mechanical properties, low-temperature resistance, oil resistance, and flexibility can be obtained. USE: Coating material for wire and cable. COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Control of a vinyl acetate process

Abstract: An integrated control system for a vinyl acetate process. A desired production rate of vinyl acetate is achieved by maintaining a desired reactor temperature. At the same time, the concentration of oxygen in the vinyl acetate reactor and condenser are maximized and the reactor pressure is maximized, all in a safe manner, so as to increase the selectivity of the process to the production of vinyl acetate. Also, the overall process is controlled so as to improve the efficiency of energy and materials usage.