Topic
Vinyl acetate
About: Vinyl acetate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15970 publications have been published within this topic receiving 162142 citations. The topic is also known as: Ethenyl acetate & Ethenyl ethanoate.
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TL;DR: The hypothesis that DPXL formation by vinyl acetate requires microsomal metabolism to acetaldehyde, which is the active crosslinking agent, is supported.
Abstract: The formation and stability of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPXLs) formed by incubation of pUC13 plasmid DNA and calf thymus histones with 1-100 mM acetaldehyde was studied using a filter binding assay. DPXLs were formed at a rate of 127 DPXLs/plasmid molecule/mmol acetaldehyde in a reaction containing 1 microgram of histones and 0.33 microgram of DNA at 37 degrees C for 1 h. Acetaldehyde-induced DPXLs were unstable at 37 degrees C, with loss of up to 75% by 8 h. Crosslink formation was significantly higher at lower pH, with 3- and 2-fold higher levels at pH 5 and 6 respectively than at pH 7.5. Induction of DPXL formation by 1-100 mM vinyl acetate in the presence of rat liver microsomes was observed at 37 degrees C over 3 h. DPXL accumulation followed S-phase enzymatic kinetics, with a rate of formation of 1.1 DPXLs/plasmid molecule/mmol vinyl acetate/microgram microsomal protein/microgram DNA. Vinyl acetate was unable to cause formation of DPXLs in the absence of microsomes. A carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate, was able to block DPXL formation by vinyl acetate and microsomes. This work supports the hypothesis that DPXL formation by vinyl acetate requires microsomal metabolism to acetaldehyde, which is the active crosslinking agent.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the rate coefficient for radical desorption from polymer particles was theoretically derived by a different approach, and its applicability to vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride emulsion polymerization was examined in detail using experimental data available in the literature.
Abstract: Investigators have proposed the rate coefficient for radical desorption from polymer particles to explain the kinetic deviation of the emulsion polymerization of water-soluble monomers such as vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride from the classical Smith and Ewart theory.6 In this article, the rate coefficient for radical desorption is theoretically derived by a different approach, and its applicability to vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride emulsion polymerization is examined in detail using experimental data available in the literature. The theory developed here predicts the average number of radicals per polymer particle in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride.
45 citations
Patent•
02 Sep 195445 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of both type of metal hydroxides in respect of their influence on flammability as well as mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of EVA/LDPE composites is presented.
Abstract: Formulations of chemically cross-linked poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) blends containing metal hydroxides flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide (MH) were prepared. Comparison of both type of metal hydroxides in respect of their influence on flammability as well as mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of EVA/LDPE composites is presented. Most of the investigated properties are better for composites containing MH in comparison with composites containing ATH. Influence of various EVA/LDPE ratios on investigated properties is presented as well. Importance of improving compatibility using compatibilizers to improve some of the investigated properties is described. Polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PEgMA) was found to be better compatibilizer for ATH than vinyl silanes.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation effects on the molecular weight as well as on the rheological and mechanical properties of polypropylene-(ethylene-propylene) heterophasic copolymer (PP-EP)/poly(ethylene co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) blends of different composition were multiply-extruded (nine cycles) in order to evaluate the degradation effect.
45 citations