Topic
Virus
About: Virus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 136914 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5209107 citations. The topic is also known as: infectious agent & viruses.
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TL;DR: The level of human immunodeficiency virus replication in patients reflects a balance between stimulatory and inhibitory host factors (particularly endogenous cytokines); new information concerning the cellular co-receptors for HIV and the cellular tropism of different strains of virus will advance understanding of HIV-induced pathogenesis.
Abstract: The level of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in patients reflects a balance between stimulatory and inhibitory host factors (particularly endogenous cytokines). New information concerning the cellular co-receptors for HIV and the cellular tropism of different strains of virus will advance our understanding of HIV-induced pathogenesis and suggests new therapeutic and preventive strategies.
875 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that CD8+ cells are the main effector cells responsible for viral clearance and disease pathogenesis during acute HBV infection, and it is suggested that viral clearance is mediated by both noncytolytic and cy tolytic effector functions of the CD8-T-cell response.
Abstract: Although the CD4 + - and CD8 + -T-cell responses to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) are thought to be crucial for the control of HBV infection, the relative contribution of each T-cell subset as an effector of viral clearance is not known. To examine this question, we monitored the course of HBV infection in control, CD4-depleted, and CD8-depleted chimpanzees. Our results demonstrate that CD8 + cells are the main effector cells responsible for viral clearance and disease pathogenesis during acute HBV infection, and they suggest that viral clearance is mediated by both noncytolytic and cytolytic effector functions of the CD8 + -T-cell response.
875 citations
TL;DR: Electron microscopy of duodenal mucosa from nine children with acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis revealed virus particles in epithelial cells from six patients, believed to have been an important cause of sporadic gastroEnteritis in children in Melbourne during the 3 months of the survey.
870 citations
TL;DR: Activities of HTLV-III were neutralized by the human antibodies against the virus when immunofluorescence and plaque assays were used, and the same results were obtained with the lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV1).
Abstract: The human T-cell lines MT-2 and MT-4 carry the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). When MT-2 and MT-4 were infected with HTLV-III, the probable etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), rapid cytopathogenic effects and cytotoxicity were observed that made it possible to titrate the biologically active virus in a plaque-forming assay. The cytopathogenic effects were preceded by the rapid induction and increase of HTLV-III antigens as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation. Activities of HTLV-III were neutralized by the human antibodies against the virus when immunofluorescence and plaque assays were used. Essentially the same results were obtained with the lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV1).
868 citations
TL;DR: The rescued influenza A virus is rescued by transfection of 12 plasmids into Vero cells by plasmid-based reverse genetics technique, which facilitates the generation of recombinant influenza viruses containing specific mutations in their genes.
Abstract: We have rescued influenza A virus by transfection of 12 plasmids into Vero cells. The eight individual negative-sense genomic viral RNAs were transcribed from plasmids containing human RNA polymerase I promoter and hepatitis delta virus ribozyme sequences. The three influenza virus polymerase proteins and the nucleoprotein were expressed from protein expression plasmids. This plasmid-based reverse genetics technique facilitates the generation of recombinant influenza viruses containing specific mutations in their genes.
867 citations