Showing papers on "Voltage regulation published in 1969"

Locating Shunt Capacitors on Primary Feeder for Voltage Control and Loss Reduction

Abstract: A method of applying shunt capacitors for voltage control and peak loss reduction is discussed. The concept is extended to the optimization of total monetary savings due to both peak loss and energy loss reductions. A computer program is developed to aid engineers in the application of such a method.

Multiple output dc voltage regulator

Abstract: A transformer having a multiplicity of secondary windings is employed to provide a multiplicity of different regulated output voltages by turning on a transistor switch in series with the primary winding, the unregulated voltage and a selected one of the regulated output voltages whenever the selected output voltage, so driven, falls below a reference voltage. When the selected output voltage is driven above reference voltage, the transistor switch is turned off. Diodes rectify the secondary winding currents that result when the switch turns off, to charge filter capacitors. The primary or one of the secondaries, whichever is employed to provide regulation of the selected output voltage, is clamped during the off period to the previously driven voltage. This clamping action produces on all output terminals regulated voltages related to the clamping voltage by a transformer turns ratio. A separate boost winding may be provided on the transformer to cause the transistor switch to be operated in saturation during the on cycle.

Dc to dc converter circuit with load voltage regulation utilizing a controlled simulated saturating core

Abstract: An inverter circuit driving a ferroresonant regulator utilizes a feedback controlled switching frequency arrangement to regulate its output voltage with respect to both line and load conditions A deviation in the output voltage alters the switching frequency of the inverter by altering the simulated saturation of a switching control transformer core included in the inverter circuit The output voltage of the ferroresonant regulator, which is proportional to the inverter frequency, is adjusted to some regulated value Saturation of the inverter transformer is simulated by controlling the volt-time area of the output voltage waveform of the inverter transformer

Battery-charging system with voltage reference means with two reference levels

Abstract: A battery-charging system wherein a power-controlling device, such as a power transistor, is controlled in accordance with feedback signals representing (1) a charging current exceeding a predetermined maximum reference level and (2) a battery voltage differing from the value associated with a voltage reference, the value of which is changeable between a first value related to a desired battery float voltage and a second value related to a battery voltage a preselected magnitude higher than the desired float voltage; the voltage reference means being arranged to automatically exhibit the second value whenever the battery voltage falls below the desired float voltage and to remain at such second value until the battery has attained the preselected higher voltage when the voltage reference means will exhibit the first value and cause the battery voltage to be regulated at the desired float voltage. A temperature responsive means is included to cause the value of the voltage reference means to change with temperature in a manner corresponding with the typical change in battery voltage with temperature.

Transformerless power supply with line to load isolation

Abstract: A transformerless power supply is disclosed in which a source capacitor has its charge maintained at a fraction of the AC supply voltage and a plurality of sink capacitors are sequentially switched between a charging connection to the source capacitor and a discharging connection to a load circuit. The load circuit is isolated from the line at all times to maintain safety protection. The use of a comparatively high switching speed will reduce the filter requirements in the load circuit and this together with the elimination of the transformer results in very substantial size and weight reductions from conventional supplies. Voltage regulation at the load is achieved by controlling the voltage to which the sink capacitors are charged from the source capacitor.

Buck-boost pulse-width-modulated line regulator

Abstract: An AC regulator controls the voltage applied to a load by using pulse-width-modulated correction signals. Any deviation of load voltage from that desired is sensed and converted to pulse-widthmodulated signals. These signals switch alternate halves of a secondary winding of a transformer connected in a buck-boost arrangement. The net voltage applied to the secondary winding is a function of the pulse-width modulation and a net correction voltage is coupled to the primary winding which is series connected between line and load. The invention also has application to line transient generation because of the overall high speed of response of the circuit.

Integrator amplifier circuit with voltage regulation and temperature compensation

Abstract: An integrator amplifier circuit for producing signal pulses of a trapezoidal shape having leading and trailing edges with constant rise and fall slopes during variations in operating potentials supplied to the circuit and equal rise and fall slopes during ambient temperature variations The circuit is suitable for fabrication by integrated circuit technology and for use in a bipolar transmitter which derives bipolar signals from monopolar signals Controlled input current flow from a switched voltage regulator and a component configuration designed to balance ambient temperature effects provide for constant and equal rise and fall times, respectively

Static square-wave resistance tube welding system

Abstract: A resistance welder system for welding a continuous seam throughout the length of a tube or pipe having controlled thyristors for generating a square-wave current of a desired amplitude and at constant or variable frequency The power is generated and transmitted at high voltage low current and transformed at the welder electrodes to low voltage high current The system includes a controlled DC link for obtaining a desired voltage and current from a constant voltage source, and a static square-wave generator consisting of an inverter with forcing to generate a square-wave AC current from the DC link output The voltage converter for controlling the DC link is regulated by a voltage regulator to maintain an average value of AC voltage at the electrode transformer, and a fast responding minor loop current regulator to maintain constant current in the presence of transient changes in resistivity or contact resistance

Load insensitive electrical device

Abstract: A class of power converters is disclosed for supplying direct current at one voltage from a source at another voltage which includes a simple passive circuit arrangement of solid-state switches, inductors, and capacitors by which the output voltage of the converter tends to remain constant in spite of changes in load. The switches are sensitive to the current flowing in the circuit and are employed to permit the charging of capacitance devices in accordance with the load requirements. Because solidstate switches (such as SCR''s) may be used with relatively high voltage and because of the inherent efficiency of the invention that permits relatively high switching frequencies, power supplies built in accordance with the invention, together with their associated cabling, can be substantially lighter in weight for a given output power level and efficiency of operation than systems of the prior art.

Regulator circuit responsive to input voltage,output voltage and current

Abstract: Operational amplifiers are used in a regulator circuit for a DC output voltage. A rectifier supplies a voltage to output leads and three loops are provided, an input voltage loop, an output voltage loop, and a current limit loop. Each loop compares a reference voltage with a feedback voltage to develop an error signal and these are all combined and multiplied in operational amplifiers to maintain constant load voltage despite input voltage fluctuations and output or load voltage fluctuations and also to limit the current upon reaching a present value.

High-voltage regulation circuit for a color television receiver

Abstract: A high voltage regulation circuit for a color television receiver comprising a horizontal deflection yoke, a high voltage circuit and a variable inductance element connected in parallel with said horizontal deflection yoke, thereby controlling the inductance of said variable inductance element in response to the variation of a high voltage of the high voltage circuit.

Voltage measurement in current zero investigations

Abstract: • A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.

Protective circuit for a voltage regulator

Abstract: A protective circuit for a semiconductor voltage regulator of the transistor type which is used to control the output voltage of a generator. The regulator is adapted to regulate the output voltage of a diode-rectified alternating current generator that is used to supply the electrical loads on a motor vehicle. The generating system includes auxiliary diodes for feeding the field winding of the generator under the control of a switching transistor device which forms a part of the voltage regulator. The protective circuit regulates the output voltage of the generator at a value which is higher than the desired regulated voltage in the event that a disconnection occurs in the system which would otherwise cause a destructive high voltage output from the generator. This protective circuit includes a voltage divider formed in part by a temperature sensitive resistance. The voltage divider is coupled to a semiconductor such as a forward biased diode or a transistor and when the voltage applied to the field circuit of the generator rises to a predetermined value the protective circuit operates to control the output transistor stage of the voltage regulator to limit the output voltage of the generator to a value which is higher than its normal operating value but which is low enough to prevent destruction of the semiconductor components of the voltage regulator.

Constant current high-voltage power supply

Abstract: A direct current DC source and a square wave voltage source are applied to a bridge type switching amplifier. The output of the amplifier is applied to the primary of a step up transformer, and the secondary of the transformer is connected to a voltage quadrupler. The output of the voltage quadrupler is the desired DC voltage output.

Proportional power control circuit

Abstract: A proportional power control circuit in which the average power applied to the load is controlled by controlling the number of cycles of power applied to a load in a series of available cycles of power. A proportional gate is generated for controlling the application of power to the load. The proportional gate is generated by a circuit which compares a reference voltage that varies in accordance with the demand for power with a ramp voltage whose potential varies as a function of time.

Modes of Operation of Three-Phase Inverters

Abstract: Three-phase inverters have different modes of operation, while the load power factor angle varies over a 3600 range. A method of analysis is described which makes it possible to find these modes of operation. The method is based on the use of Park vectors. These vectors-generally used in the analysis of three-phase ac machines-are composed of the instantaneous values of a three-phase system. Voltage and current vectors of a three-phase inverter are used to find the current distribution of the inverter. An analysis is given of all the possible conditions of an inverter connected to an active load that can produce any load power factor from zero leading to zero lagging. Some special modes of operation are discussed in detail. Ranges of load power factor angles having different types of commutations are obtained. A control method is shown which makes it possible to obtain effective voltage regulation at the full range of load power factor at a reduced commutation frequency.

Regulated dc power supply

Abstract: A regulated DC power supply wherein the main pass transistor is connected to an operational amplifier having a positive feedback which rapidly switches the main pass transistor on and off, rather than maintaining transistor continuously on, so as to intermittently supply DC power from a rectified source to the output of the supply while maintaining the voltage of the output within predetermined limits of voltage regulation for various loads and line current fluctuations. By rapidly switching the main pass transistor, it is possible to significantly reduce its heat dissipation and therefore reduce the size and cost of the power supply.

Line Discharge by Potential Transformers

Abstract: The isolation of a section of a high-voltage transmission line or cable may leave the section charged to a voltage in the order of operating values. Upon automatic reclosing, dangerous transient overvoltages which may exceed tolerable overvoltage factors could be produced unless the isolated section is discharged to a small fraction of operating voltage. Of all the means presently available that act to discharge the section, including shunt devices and circuit- breaker resistors, the electromagnetic potential transformers (under conditions described in this paper) could be the most effective. A theoretical analysis of the discharge phenomena which permits determination of instantaneous voltage as a function of time is included.

Automatic error detection and indication in a remotely programmable regulated power supply

Abstract: A programmable regulated power supply includes internal control circuits for determining the output voltage and digital visual read-out indicators showing the output voltage called for by the control circuits In the operation of this power supply there are a number of predetermined circuit conditions which may result in the actual output voltage being different from the called for voltage These conditions are detected and indicated individually and collectively Certain of these conditions when detected serve to also extinguish the visual indicators

Power supply providing synchronized energization of a load

Abstract: A power supply having an energy storage capacitor for supplying energy at a predetermined voltage to a pulsed load, and a charging circuit operative during recurring intervals between the pulsing of the load and responsive to the magnitude of the voltage supplied to the pulsed load for charging the energy storage capacitor. A transformer is provided in combination with the charging circuit to isolate the energy storage capacitor from the charging circuit during the pulsing of the load.

Temperature compensated voltage regulation system

Abstract: A battery charging system includes a voltage regulator having a drive section and an output section. The drive section contains all of the temperature sensitive drive components of the voltage regulator. The power section contains all of the heat-producing power components of the voltage regulator. The drive section is mounted on the battery in intimate heat-conducting relationship so that the temperature sensitive drive components are compensated for variations in the temperature of the battery. The power section is mounted on the generator out of intimate heatconducting relationship with the drive section so that the temperature sensitive drive components are not effected by the heat-producing power components.

Buck-boost voltage regulation circuit

Abstract: THE INVENTION RELATES TO A BUCK-BOOST VOLTAGE REGULATOR WHEREIN THE OUTPUT OF A DC VOLTAGE SOURCE TO BE CONTROLLED IS COMBINED WITH A SOURCE OF ALTERNATING CURRENT FROM AN INVERTER. THE RESULTANT SIGNAL IS APPLIED TO A CHOPPER CIRCUIT. THE CHOPPER CIRCUIT UTILIZES A PAIR OF SWITCHING TRANSISTORS ALTERNATELY MAINTAINED IN CONDUCTION BY A SINGLE CURRENT TRANSFORMER AND AN INDUCTIVE LOAD. THE CHOPPER CIRCUIT IS DESIGNED TO PERMIT INSTANTANEOUS SWITCHING BETWEEN THE TRANSISTORS AND IS FURTHER DESIGNED TO PREVENT SIMULTANEOUS CONDUCTION THEREOF. THIS ALLOWS OPERATION OF THE CHOPPER CIRCUIT THROUGH A WIDE RANGE OF FREQUENCIES WITHOUT ANY LONG COMMUTATION INTERVALS AND THEREBY PREVENTS SHORT CIRCUITS FROM BEING APPLIED THROUGH THE TRANSFORMER TO THE INVERTER.

Ac to de high-accuracy low-level voltage measuring system

Abstract: An AC to DC system is provided for measuring with high accuracy the low-level output voltage signals from an AC-excited Wheatstone-bridge-type circuit arrangement including electrical strain-responsive elements in its arms. In such a circuit arrangement, output voltages from the initially balanced bridge will be caused by a change in impedance of the strain-responsive elements due to external influences which are to be measured. The output signals from the bridge circuit arrangement are operationally amplified, demodulated to DC, and then read by a digital indicator, such as a digital voltmeter, to give an indication proportional to the to-be-measured influences upon the electrical strain responsive elements. A second demodulator may be used to compensate for system lead resistance and any demodulator inaccuracy, by using the output thereof to control the AC excitation applied to the bridge circuit arrangement input. The second demodulator output may also be directly applied as a reference input for a ratiometer-type digital indication. In one particular application, the strain-responsive elements are mounted as part of a load cell or transducer, and, when loads are applied to the same, the system output indications will be accurately related to the applied load.

Stabilized power supply circuits

Abstract: A stabilized power supply circuit is provided having a transistor series control circuit, a resistance voltage divider shunting the load, a control circuit with a control amplifier and a reference voltage source as well as a circuit for superposing disturbances derived from input voltage variations.

High voltage transistor amplifier with constant current load

Abstract: An amplifying circuit is disclosed wherein a constant current source is used as the collector load for an output amplifying transistor to provide high gain voltage amplification The amplifying circuit has an high output impedance operable from a high DC supply voltage The constant current source in one embodiment comprises a plurality of cascade connected transistors, having their base bias'' fixedly determined by either diodes or voltage cells The number of cascade connected transistors may be varied to accommodate any supply voltage level while insuring that each load transistor operates below its avalanche breakdown range

Capacitor charge circuit

Abstract: A signal comparator compares a reference voltage with a related voltage. The related voltage is related to the higher of the actual voltage on the capacitor or a charging signal voltage. The signal comparator output signal is controlled so that it can fire the capacitor charging SCR only on the downslope of a rectified wave so that the voltage to the capacitor can be no higher than the voltage at which the SCR was triggered.

Current limiting power supply

Abstract: A power supply for regulating an input source voltage to provide a DC output current of a predetermined maximum level and a DC output voltage of a predetermined level including a transistor switch, a transformer and a filter connected in series between input and output terminals. Current flows through the primary winding of the transformer thereby inducing a voltage on a secondary winding proportional to the output current level of the power supply. The proportional voltage actuates a first bistable device to a first or second stable state to generate a control signal depending upon the output current being above or below a predetermined maximum level. Voltage regulation is accomplished by comparing variations in the output voltage with a reference voltage to produce an error signal, the error signal actuating a second bistable device to a first and second stable state depending upon the output voltage level being above or below the predetermined level, the second bistable device controlling the transistor switch conductivity or nonconductivity to maintain the predetermined voltage. Current limiting is accomplished by utilizing the first bistable device to control the second bistable device which in turn controls the conductivity of the transistor switch to maintain the output current level below the predetermined maximum level.