Showing papers on "Voltage regulator published in 1969"

Closed-loop ferroresonant voltage regulator which simulates core saturation

Abstract: In a ferroresonant voltage regulator of the type in which transformer core saturation is simulated by the switching of a separate inductor effectively across the ferrocapacitor in response to the volt-time integral of output voltage, the separate inductor is incorporated into the main transformer as an ''''inductance'''' winding on the output or center leg of three core legs. Unwanted magnetic coupling between the inductance winding and the output winding is substantially eliminated by a magnetic shunt between the windings, and the inductance winding is wound in a direction to minimize the flux in the shunt. The inductance is optimized by the choice of thickness of a nonmagnetic spacer between the transformer core endpiece and the legs.

Multiple output dc voltage regulator

Abstract: A transformer having a multiplicity of secondary windings is employed to provide a multiplicity of different regulated output voltages by turning on a transistor switch in series with the primary winding, the unregulated voltage and a selected one of the regulated output voltages whenever the selected output voltage, so driven, falls below a reference voltage. When the selected output voltage is driven above reference voltage, the transistor switch is turned off. Diodes rectify the secondary winding currents that result when the switch turns off, to charge filter capacitors. The primary or one of the secondaries, whichever is employed to provide regulation of the selected output voltage, is clamped during the off period to the previously driven voltage. This clamping action produces on all output terminals regulated voltages related to the clamping voltage by a transformer turns ratio. A separate boost winding may be provided on the transformer to cause the transistor switch to be operated in saturation during the on cycle.

Automatically resetting transient protection device

Abstract: Apparatus for protecting electrical circuitry from voltage transients in a power supply or the like connected to the circuitry. A plurality of diodes and a silicon controlled rectifier are connected in series across the output of the power supply. The silicon controlled rectifier is triggered by a predetermined transient voltage level, and the output voltage of the power supply is clamped at the sum of the forward voltage drops of the diodes and controlled rectifier, the sum being set above the normal output voltage level of the power supply. The silicon controlled rectifier then commutates as soon as the transient ceases and the voltage level drops to normal. Various configurations are provided for DC or AC systems, as well as for remote sensing, and additional compensating circuits are employed for various applications.

Battery-charging system with voltage reference means with two reference levels

Abstract: A battery-charging system wherein a power-controlling device, such as a power transistor, is controlled in accordance with feedback signals representing (1) a charging current exceeding a predetermined maximum reference level and (2) a battery voltage differing from the value associated with a voltage reference, the value of which is changeable between a first value related to a desired battery float voltage and a second value related to a battery voltage a preselected magnitude higher than the desired float voltage; the voltage reference means being arranged to automatically exhibit the second value whenever the battery voltage falls below the desired float voltage and to remain at such second value until the battery has attained the preselected higher voltage when the voltage reference means will exhibit the first value and cause the battery voltage to be regulated at the desired float voltage. A temperature responsive means is included to cause the value of the voltage reference means to change with temperature in a manner corresponding with the typical change in battery voltage with temperature.

High-voltage integrated circuits

Abstract: Silicon monolithic integrated circuits have been developed with a voltage capability (LV CEO ) in excess of 300 volts. Novel process, device and circuit design techniques have been combined to achieve this voltage capability at a high yield. The design approach, integration and performance of three linear integrated circuits will be discussed: a video amplifier for direct connection to a TV picture tube, a gain block designed to extend the output voltage swing of operation amplifiers to ± 100 volts and a voltage regulator operating in the range from 10 to 300 volts.

Ac car dynamo

Abstract: An AC dynamo in which a rectifier, a voltage regulator and brush holders are disposed in stacked relationship, all these elements being secured to an end bracket of the dynamo by common securing means which provide electrical connection means between the elements as well as serve as electrical terminal means.

Dual polarity voltage regulator with tracking outputs

Abstract: A dual output voltage regulator supplying regulated voltages of identical magnitude and opposite polarity regulates the voltage of one polarity by comparison to a fixed reference voltage. The regulated voltage of the opposite polarity is regulated by detecting the voltage difference between the two regulated output voltages of opposite polarities and utilizing the voltage balance of the difference as a reference in regulating the voltage of the opposite polarity. The sensitivity of the regulator regulating the voltage of the opposite polarity is increased by using a differential error detector circuit energized by a constant current source.

Integrated circuit semiconductor-type voltage regulator and charging generator apparatus equipped with the same

Abstract: A semiconductor-type voltage regulator principally constituted by semiconductors such as transistors, diodes, and the like without having any electrical contact, which is adapted to enhance the effect of radiation and to be small in size and is incorporated with a generator without lead wires to thereby simplify the structure of a charging generator apparatus including said generator.

Integrator amplifier circuit with voltage regulation and temperature compensation

Abstract: An integrator amplifier circuit for producing signal pulses of a trapezoidal shape having leading and trailing edges with constant rise and fall slopes during variations in operating potentials supplied to the circuit and equal rise and fall slopes during ambient temperature variations The circuit is suitable for fabrication by integrated circuit technology and for use in a bipolar transmitter which derives bipolar signals from monopolar signals Controlled input current flow from a switched voltage regulator and a component configuration designed to balance ambient temperature effects provide for constant and equal rise and fall times, respectively

Rotating body having combined power generating and signal coupling system

Abstract: A rotatable member is disposed for rotation in proximity with a stationary body, the rotatable member having an annular capacitive plate adapted for rotation immediately adjacent a plurality of magnetic teeth on the stationary body, the teeth and the annular plate forming a capacitor for coupling signals between the stationary body and rotatable member. At one point in the annular member is a magnetic head having a winding, the magnetic head passing over successive ones of the magnetic teeth generating electric current which is utilized on the rotating body to operate a transducer circuit, the output signal of which is coupled back through the capacitive coupling formed by the teeth in the annular surface to monitoring equipment located on the stationary body. The transducer circuit may include a power rectifier and voltage regulator which operates strain gauges, amplifiers and voltage control oscillators, the outputs of the voltage control oscillators may be multiplexed in the mixer prior to returning as a signal through the capacitive coupling.

Temperature compensated and protected battery charging apparatus

Abstract: A temperature compensation arrangement in or for battery charging equipment embodying a voltage regulator, the voltage regulator having a feedback arrangement in which a potential divider is provided for feeding back a fraction of the regulated voltage for regulating the charging current applied to a battery. The temperature compensation arrangement is provided with two shunt paths for shunting the respective parts of the potential divider, the impedance of the shunt paths being made variable in dependence upon the temperature of a part of the equipment so that the fraction of the regulated voltage fed back varies with temperature.

Static square-wave resistance tube welding system

Abstract: A resistance welder system for welding a continuous seam throughout the length of a tube or pipe having controlled thyristors for generating a square-wave current of a desired amplitude and at constant or variable frequency The power is generated and transmitted at high voltage low current and transformed at the welder electrodes to low voltage high current The system includes a controlled DC link for obtaining a desired voltage and current from a constant voltage source, and a static square-wave generator consisting of an inverter with forcing to generate a square-wave AC current from the DC link output The voltage converter for controlling the DC link is regulated by a voltage regulator to maintain an average value of AC voltage at the electrode transformer, and a fast responding minor loop current regulator to maintain constant current in the presence of transient changes in resistivity or contact resistance

Voltage regulated power supply having low ripple factor

Abstract: A high-gain AC amplifier is coupled to amplify the AC signal components forming the ripple voltage superimposed on the regulated DC output voltage provided by a regulated DC power supply. The amplified AC signal components are coupled to the control electrode of a series pass voltage regulator of the power supply as an AC error signal to cancel AC signal components coupled thereto from a source of unregulated voltage serving as the primary power source.

Chopper-type alternating current regulator employing amplitude sensor and zero crossing detector

Abstract: A FAST RESPONSE TIME VOLTAGE REGULATOR WHICH WILL MAINTAIN THE AMPLITUDE OF AN ALTERNATING CURRENT VOLTAGE CONSTANT OVER A RELATIVELY WIDE RANGE OF FREQUENCIES. THIS IS ACCOMPLISHED BY CHOPPING THE INPUT ALTERNATING CURRENT VOLTAGE AT A FREQUENCY MUCH HIGHER THAN THAT OF THE ALTERNATING CURRENT VOLTAGE TO BE REGULATED, AND THEREAFTER FILTERING THE CHOPPER WAVEFORM TO RECONSTRUCT A TRUE SINE WAVE. BY SENSING THE AMPLITUDE OF THE FILTERED OUTPUT AND BY VARING THE "ON" AND "OFF" TIMES OF THE CHOPPER AS A FUNCTION OF VARIATIONS IN AMPLITUDE, SAID AMPLITUDE CAN BE MAINTAINED CONSTANT.

Flux-gated voltage regulator

Abstract: A voltage regulator in which an inductor having a saturable core is connected in series with a capacitor, the output being taken from across the inductor. After startup, the combined effect of the input voltage and the capacitor cause the core of the inductor to periodically switch from a nonsaturated to a saturated condition and vice versa so that the impedance of the inductance switches correspondingly from a high to a low value. The result is a square wave voltage developed across the inductor that has a constant amplitude regardless of input voltage variations if the input frequency remains constant.

Regulator circuit responsive to input voltage,output voltage and current

Abstract: Operational amplifiers are used in a regulator circuit for a DC output voltage. A rectifier supplies a voltage to output leads and three loops are provided, an input voltage loop, an output voltage loop, and a current limit loop. Each loop compares a reference voltage with a feedback voltage to develop an error signal and these are all combined and multiplied in operational amplifiers to maintain constant load voltage despite input voltage fluctuations and output or load voltage fluctuations and also to limit the current upon reaching a present value.

Angular velocity control system for step servo motor system responsive to winding deenergization

Abstract: The disclosure embodies an electrical system for a bidirectional step servomotor to control the dissipation of counter torque developed by the deenergization of each rotor coil. The amplitude of the induced voltage generated when each rotor coil is deenergized is electrically controlled by a selected one of a plurality of voltage regulators. Each voltage regulator has a different regulating voltage. The larger the amplitude of the induced voltage, the faster the dissipation time of the counter torque, therefore, the higher the angular velocity of the rotor.

Mosic with protection against voltage surges

Abstract: A circuit for protecting a metal-insulator semiconductor integrated circuit (MOSIC) against voltage surges is described. The circuit utilizes a diffused PN junction connected between the gate of an input MOS transistor and the source voltage in such a manner that the control voltage applied to the gate reverse biases the PN junction, which then functions as a Zener diode. The circuit may include a diffused resistance between the gate and the source voltage, or between the gate and an input terminal to protect either the diode, or the gate, or both against heavy current levels. Two or more diodes can be connected back to back to provide a higher breakdown voltage and permit higher control voltage signals to be used.

Observation of the current and voltage waveforms of the Si IMPATT diode

Abstract: Current and voltage waveforms of the Si IMPATT diode were observed directly by means of the oscillating circuit using microstrip line. The results indicate that the conventional small-signal theory cannot be applied to the observed type of oscillation. The oscillation starts at the bias voltage just above the breakdon voltage of the diode; then along with its buildup, the bias voltage is lowered owing to the auto-bias effect, to reach a steady value considerably below the breakdown voltage. Large amplitude oscillation of high efficiency is expected over a wide frequency range.

Voltage stabilizer with reversible binary counter for alternating-current lines

Abstract: A plurality of transformers, having their secondary windings cascaded in either or both conductors of an AC line to be regulated, have graded voltage-transformation ratios corresponding to binary voltage increments to be impressed in aiding or opposing relationship upon the line in order to compensate for deviations of its output voltage from a predetermined magnitude. The transformers are fed from a common source of alternating current, synchronized with the line current, via enabling circuits responsive to the setting of respective stages of a reversible binary counter which is stepped forward or backward by pulses from a voltage-level sensor, a switchover circuit reverses the sense of the count upon the arrival of the counter in its zero positions, with simultaneous reversal of the phase of the impressed compensating voltages, to provide both positive and negative counts and to prevent discontinuities in the compensating voltage.

Zener diode reference circuit independent of input voltage changes

Abstract: A Zener diode voltage reference circuit whose output is maintained at exactly the Zener voltage irrespective of changes in the input voltage. More particularly, since the voltage appearing across a Zener diode fluctuates slightly with changes in the Zener current, exact regulation is accomplished by maintaining the current flowing through the diode at a constant value; furthermore, the Zener current is held constant by adding to the circuit a second Zener diode which serves to extract from the first Zener diode all the current which would cause a voltage fluctuation.

Protective circuit for a voltage regulator

Abstract: A protective circuit for a semiconductor voltage regulator of the transistor type which is used to control the output voltage of a generator. The regulator is adapted to regulate the output voltage of a diode-rectified alternating current generator that is used to supply the electrical loads on a motor vehicle. The generating system includes auxiliary diodes for feeding the field winding of the generator under the control of a switching transistor device which forms a part of the voltage regulator. The protective circuit regulates the output voltage of the generator at a value which is higher than the desired regulated voltage in the event that a disconnection occurs in the system which would otherwise cause a destructive high voltage output from the generator. This protective circuit includes a voltage divider formed in part by a temperature sensitive resistance. The voltage divider is coupled to a semiconductor such as a forward biased diode or a transistor and when the voltage applied to the field circuit of the generator rises to a predetermined value the protective circuit operates to control the output transistor stage of the voltage regulator to limit the output voltage of the generator to a value which is higher than its normal operating value but which is low enough to prevent destruction of the semiconductor components of the voltage regulator.

Control system for converters

Abstract: A static converter connecting an AC network with a DC line has a control system in which an AC control function voltage is derived from the AC network, while a DC regulator voltage is derived from a regulator. The control system further comprises a first arrangement for deriving the actual time between subsequent following control pulses for the valves of the converter and a second arrangement for deriving a desired value for said time corresponding to the relation between the period time of the AC network and number of pulses of the converter. The difference between said actual time and its desired value is stored in a memory circuit for each valve and as a correction magnitude taken together with the control function voltage and the regulator voltage.

Electrical power supply system for automotive vehicles and particularly polyphase bridge-type rectifier therefor

Abstract: To prevent transient overvoltages in automotive-type power supply systems using three-phase alternators and full wave rectifiers connected thereto, at least one of the rectifier pairs connected to an output winding of the alternator uses breakdowntype power rectifier diodes having a breakdown voltage at least 5 percent above the nominal voltage set by the voltage regulator of the system. Connection of breakdown diodes to further, or preferably all phases provides still better protection at greater expense, however.

Integrated voltage-controlled oscillators using distributed parameter phaseshift networks

Abstract: An IC sinusoidal volage-controlled oscillator using simultaneously-processed bipolar and unipolar junction devices suitable for phase-locked loop applications will be described and experimental results presented. Distributed RC devices are used for the frequency-controlling elements.

Voltage regulator, particularly for use with permanent magnet vehicle-type ac generator-rectifier combination

Abstract: Controlled semiconductor switches, such as SCR''s are connected in parallel to, and with reverse polarity to the rectifier elements of the rectifier system connected to an AC permanent magnet vehicle-type generator, which may generate high voltages upon being driven at high speed and low load. A Zener diode senses overvoltage conditions, the Zener diode being connected to trigger a blocking oscillator to oscillate and to provide sharp triggering pulses to the SCR''s, the frequency of oscillations of the blocking oscillator being additional by determined by the output voltage so that the SCR''s will be conductive for a longer time, during any half cycle, as output voltage rises above the predetermined value.

Transistorized voltage regulator,particularly for automotive use

Abstract: The output voltage of an automotive generator is rectified and applied to a bridge network, the cross connection from the bridge being connected to an amplifier with a differential input stage. The output of the amplifier controls current through the field winding of the alternator. Each of the branches of the bridge contains temperature-sensitive and voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements connected in opposition, so that upon deviation from the exact output voltage desired, the potential across the cross connection will change rapidly and exact voltage control can be obtained.

Shunt-type negative impedance converter with both short and open circuit stability

Abstract: A shunt type negative impedance converter (NIC) which is normally only short circuit stable is also made open circuit stable by internal circuit action so that it can be used in shunt across telephone trunk circuits to cancel the resistance of central office battery feed resistors. It includes two transistors of opposite conductivity type with a resistive voltage divider and a zener diode controlling the base biasing voltage of the PNP transistor. Whenever a telephone subscriber goes on-hook, presenting a substantially open circuit to the converter, the action of the voltage divider and the zener diode causes both transistors to switch to their nonconducting states.

Measuring bridge having a temperature-compensating transistorized voltage stabilizer shunting the power supply to the bridge

Abstract: A direct-current supply circuit for apparatus of the type in which a measuring bridge is provided comprising at least one electric dosing filament, the resistance of which is a function of a value to be measured. The said circuit comprises a source of direct current of regulated intensity connected in series with the measuring bridge and a shunt voltage stabilizer circuit with transistors, connected directly to the terminals of the measuring bridge and which shunts at any moment the desired portion of the supply current of regulated intensity, so that the voltage at the terminals of the bridge is maintained at the desired value.

Voltage protection circuit for transistor regulators

Abstract: NECTED TO SAID BATTEY THROUGH SAID DIODE, ONE END OF SAID DIODE BEING CONNECTED TO SAID BATTERY AND THE OTHER END THEREOF BEING CONNECTED TO SAID INPUT TERMINAL OF SAID VOLTAGE DIVIDER, AND A RESISTOR CONNECTED BETWEEN SAID OUTPUT TERMINAL OF SAID MAIN RECTIFIER CIRCUIT AND SAID INPUT TERMINAL OF SAID VOLTAGE DIVIDER. 1. A VOLTAGE REGULATOR DEVICE OF A GENERATOR FOR VEHICLES COMPRSING: AN AC GENERATOR HAVING AN OUTPUT WINDING AND A FIELD WINDING, A RECTIFIER MEANS HAVING A MAIN RECTIFIER CIRCUIT AND AN AUXILIARY RECTIFER CIRCUIT, A BATTERY CONNECTED TO AN OUTPUT TERMINAL OF SAID MAIN RECTIFER CIRCUIT, A ZENER DIODE AND A DIODE, A SWITCHING CIRCUIT MEANS FOR CONTROLLING A FIELD CURRENT FLOWING THROUGH SAID FIELD WINDING IN RESPONSE TO CONDUCTION OF SAID ZENER DIODE, AND OUTPUT TERMINAL OF SAID SWITCHING CIRCUIT MEANS BEING CONNECTED TO AN OUTPUT TERMINAL OF SAID AUXILIARY RECTIFIER CIRCUIT THROUGH SAID FIELD WINDING, A VOLTAGE DIVIDER WHOSE OUTPUT TERMINAL IS CONNECTED TO AN INPUT TERMINAL OF SAID SWITCHING CIRCUIT MEANS THROUGH SAID ZENER DIODE AND WHOSE INPUT TERMINAL IS CON-