Showing papers on "Voltage regulator published in 1974"

Automotive alternator and solid state regulator tester

Abstract: A tester for a solid state voltage regulator includes two parallel branches available for interconnection to the two output contacts of the voltage regulator. The two branches both interconnect to the high voltage side of a battery. One of the branches includes a resistor in parallel combination with an indicator bulb. One of the branches includes a normally open switch. For use with automobile alternators having a built-in regulator, the tester can be connected directly to the regulator and test both the regulator and the alternator. When the regulator is independent of the alternator, it can be tested by itself by using actual rotor current available from an alternator used in conjunction with the tester. The on/off condition of the indicator bulb, when the switch and various contact terminals are interconnected, provides an indication of the effective operation of the regulator. A volt meter can be included integrally with the tester to provide output readings of the regulator.

Physically Realizable Wide Power Range Optimal Controllers for Power Systems

Abstract: A physically realizable linear optimal controller in terms of easily measurable state variables for the stabilization of power system is developed in this paper. The controller is based on a fairly accurate fifth order synchronous machine and a first order voltage regulator. The transformation of the system equations into a cannonical form enables us to determine the weighting matrices Q and R of the quadratic cost function with simple procedure and to design an optimal controller which can stabilize a power system under widel. power range operating conditions. Transient response test on the nonlinear model proves the effectiveness of the linear control design.

Volatile memory support system

Abstract: An automatic support system for a volatile memory which provides maintenance voltages to such memory upon the interruption of normal operating voltages and which permits the intentional termination of operating voltages with the provision of maintenance voltages. The main power inputs for the memory are applied simultaneously to a primary power supply and secondary supply, the secondary supply providing the required memory maintenance voltages. In addition a battery supply is provided as backup for main power failure. A voltage regulator controlled by an electronic power switch is operative to provide the necessary maintenance voltage to the memory making use of the available supplies in a preferential order of primary, secondary power supply and battery supply.

Fluorescent lamp dimmer

Abstract: A solid state dimmer for fluorescent lights with standard (non-dimming) ballasts. Dimming is adjusted by changing the resistance in a capacitor charging circuit. Features include a trimming adjustment for eliminating flicker, a voltage regulator compensating for line voltage change, a sequential switch which allows the lamp to heat up before being dimmed, and a diode varistor, zener thyrector or the like in the charging circuit which supply additional charging current as the dimming is increased. The dimmer mounts in the same outlet box as a conventional toggle switch and can be substituted for the switch in an existing installation without changing the ballast. The dimmer is also useful for other loads requiring a variable voltage.

Automatic frequency control for a sandwich transducer using voltage feedback

Abstract: An automatic drive control circuit for energizing or driving a sandwich transducer, which includes a mechanical displacement amplifier, piezoelectric crystal drivers and feedback piezoelectric crystals, compares the feedback voltage proportional to displacement and the driving voltage. The frequency of such driving voltage is automatically adjusted to drive the sandwich transducer at mechanical resonance, which occurs when the feedback voltage equals or exceeds the driving voltage. The drive control includes a sweep circuit coupled to a variable frequency oscillator, which produces an AC square wave signal at a frequency dependent on the sweep signal, and the AC signal is amplified and provided as the driving signal to the sandwich transducer. A comparator compares the driving voltage with the feedback voltage, and when the latter equals or exceeds the former, the sweep circuit locks at a fixed voltage to lock the oscillator AC signal frequency, which is maintained constant while the sandwich transducer is maintained at mechanical resonance.

Lyapunov-Popov stability analysis of synchronous machine with flux decay and voltage regulator

Abstract: The transient stability of ft synchronous machine connected to an infinite bus ia studied, including the flux decay effect, and voltage regulator action, through Lyapunov-Popov approach. This problem belongs to the general class of systems having multi-argument non-linearities. A systematic procedure to construct a Lyapunov function is evolved by combining a criterion of Dosoer and Wn (1909) and Kalman's construction procedure (1663). The Lyapunov function is then made use of to estimate the critical fault clearing time. The result is compared with that for the case where only flux decay is considered but. voltage regulator action is neglected and the case where both flux decay and voltage regulator action are neglected. The effect of variation of the main parameters of the voltage regulator is also studied and useful conclusions drawn. The Lyapunov function derived in this paper is considered to be superior to those currently available in the literature for this problem.

High voltage power supply with overcurrent protection

Abstract: A high voltage electrostatic spray coating power supply which turns-off automatically when an overvoltage and/or overcurrent is detected, thereby reducing electrical shock and ignition hazards when spraying in an explosive atmosphere. Included is an unregulated DC supply, a DC voltage regulator, an inverter, and a multiplier of the capacitor/diode type which applies high DC voltage to an electrostatic spray gun. Ground return current from the multiplier output to a common internal ground lead is monitored and if it exceeds a predetermined selectable maximum is effective, via a turn-off circuit, to a) turn-off the DC regulator and b) short-circuit the regulator output and inverter input to the common ground. This prevents power transfer between the unregulated DC source and the voltage multiplier, as well as discharges electrical energy stored in the regulator smoothing capacitors and in the multiplier transformer. An overvoltage circuit is also included to independently turn-off the power supply when the regulator output voltage exceeds a predetermined maximum.

Current-supply arrangement for an electronic remote control receiver

Abstract: A current supply arrangement for an electronic remote control receiver, wherein a series circuit comprising a protective impedance, a capacitor and a full-wave rectifier is connected between two input terminals intended for connection to an alternating current network, a voltage limiter is operatively associated with the full-wave rectifier.

DC to DC Voltage converter

Abstract: A DC voltage source of amplitude below the DC voltage requirement of a load to be energized drives a pair of complementary transistors which are alternately turned on and off to apply supply voltage alternately to each of two capacitors connected in series. The sum voltage of the two capacitors is applied, in one embodiment, directly to a voltage regulator and filtered and, in another embodiment, is added to the DC source voltage prior to being regulated and filtered. The converter output is capacitively coupled to the DC supply voltage, thus furnishing a common AC connection.

Electroplating of recoverable silver from photographic solutions and cell with current control means therefor

Abstract: A system for optimizing current density versus voltage across a device for electroplating recoverablesilver from expended photographic solutions by controlling voltage applied across the electrodes of the device as a controlled function of current flow through the device, current being sensed in terms of voltage across a resistance in series with the device, and that voltage, after comparison with reference voltages being employed to control a voltage regulator in the circuit between a source of dc voltage and the electrodes. The cathode of the device is a removable flexible stainless steel cylinder, and is contained in a cylindrical tank of larger diameter than that of the cathode. The anode is a hollow graphite cylinder on which pivots an arm bearing two stirring paddles which is rotated from interiorly of the anode by means of a magnetic clutch.

AC-DC voltage regulator

Abstract: AC-DC voltage regulation is achieved utilizing, among other components, a series pass control element which is serially connected to a detector and filter output stage and between circuit input terminals and an output load. A rectified input voltage is applied to the series pass control element which controls the required amount of current flowing into a load every 1/2 cycle of the input signal. This current is, in turn, detected and filtered to provide the regulated DC output voltage. A voltage sensor is connected to the output of the series pass control element and in parallel with the detector and filter stage; this sensor breaks down at a predetermined level of series pass voltage to, in turn, generate a feedback control voltage. This control voltage is fed back to a current controlled switch which is connected in shunt with the series pass control element. This current controlled switch responds to the feedback voltage to accordingly limit the current conduction in the series pass control element to precisely the amount required by a varying load connected to the circuit output terminal. Thus, voltage regulation is achieved with a maximum AC-DC conversion efficiency and a minimum power dissipation.

Method of making a reference voltage source with a desired temperature coefficient

Abstract: A temperature stability of a high order is obtained by voltage divider trimming in a circuit in which a common current supply feeds a first branch containing one or more Zener diodes and a second branch containing a voltage divider composed of ohmic resistances, from the tap of which the output voltage is taken, by provision of a circuit configuration meeting one design criterion and trimming an output voltage divider to meet, at a single reference temperature, another design criterion and thus to set both the designed output voltage and the designed temperature coefficient, independently of the scatter of the characteristics of the diodes in the circuit.

Some experiments and considerations on behavior of the power converter with bridge-connected reactor circuit

Abstract: Recently, a new type of a parametrically excited power converter which is made by two C-cores rotated at 90° was proposed and called as Paraformer [1]. The novel characteristic of this device has been remarked as one of the important phenomena which permit to expand the new region of nonlinear magnetics [2], although the operation principles are not yet clearly understood. It is concluded from the present work that the performance characteristics of the bridge-core circuit which we designed are completely agreed with that of the Paraformer, and a novel characteristic of the Paraformer is generated by the bridge circuit. By using the symmetrical or the asymmetrical bridge-core circuit, it is possible to make not only a practical high efficient and high sensitive voltage regulator but also a power converter which can change the output frequency. Furthermore, a large capacity power converter can be achieved by constructing a bridge circuit with 3-5 separate reactors.

High voltage series resonant inverter ion engine screen supply. [SCR series resonant inverter for space applications]

Abstract: Anticipated future spacecraft requirements have motivated research on high power, high voltage dc to dc power processors. Therefore, a LC series resonant inverter utilizing silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR's) or thyristors as power switches has been developed as the main power stage of the ion engine power processor over an input of 200 to 400Vdc, and an output of no load to 2.5KW.

Semiconductor controlled ignition systems for internal combustion engines

Abstract: To improve the operation of semiconductor control ignition systems under widely varying supply voltage conditions, a voltage divider having a division tap point is connected in parallel to the main switching part of the switching transistor of the ignition system, and a voltage breakdown element, typically a Zener diode is connected from the tap point to the control electrodes of the semiconductor switch to provide an additional control voltage thereto if the voltage at the tap point exceeds a value leading to breakdown of the breakdown device (Zener diode); the main control circuit for the main ignition transistor may be conventional.

Adapter for automatically adapting dc equipment for energization by a first or second ac voltage of different amplitudes

Abstract: DC equipment requiring a determined operating voltage is adapted for energization by a first AC voltage, or a second AC voltage having twice the amplitude of the first AC voltage. Rectifiers rectify the AC voltage and charge an output capacitor connected across the terminals furnishing the operating voltage. A voltage doubler capacitor is provided as is a thyristor which is responsive to a second rectified voltage and connects the voltage doubler capacitor to the rectifier-output capacitor circuit for voltage doubling purposes when the AC voltage is the first AC voltage. A number of full-wave and half-wave arrangements are shown.

Simultaneous logging system for deep wells

Abstract: An improved well logging system of the type utilizing a single conductor cable to provide power from the surface equipment to a down hole subsurface unit and for simultaneously supplying current mode telemetry signals from one or more radiation detectors in the subsurface unit to the surface equipment. The surface equipment includes a power supply for the subsurface unit comprising a constant current source having a high output impedance connected to a series pass voltage regulator having a low output impedance. A switching mode voltage regulator is employed within the subsurface unit to compensate for variations in the voltage supplied to the subsurface unit which result from variations in cable resistance and other factors. The subsurface unit includes circuitry capable of operating at the high temperature encountered in deep wells for an extended period of time and which transforms the detector output signals into corresponding current mode telemetry signals which are supplied over the single conductor cable to the low impedance output terminals of the series pass voltage regulator at the surface. The current mode signals are transformed by the series pass voltage regulator and appear as amplified voltage signals at the high impedance junction of the constant current source and the series pass regulator. Demultiplexing and recording circuitry is connected to the aforementioned junction to receive the amplified voltage signals and develop corresponding rate meter signals which may be applied to a recorder in the surface equipment.

Low cost switching high voltage supply

Abstract: A switching high voltage supply of the type which includes the secondary of a high voltage step-up transformer in series with a DC high voltage power supply, such as for providing different high voltages to a cathode ray tube, includes a capacitor in series with the primary to establish DC voltages that result from random duty cycles and variable DC input levels, the capacitor voltage being fed to the regulation or control input of the DC high voltage supply, whereby DC voltages are coupled by the capacitor to the high voltage supply and AC voltages are coupled through the high voltage transformer. In a second embodiment, the transformer has two secondaries each in series with a high voltage supply controlled by the DC voltage of the capacitor, to provide related, switched high voltages, such as for the anode and the focus of a beam penetration cathode ray tube.

Circuit for converting alternating current voltages to a constant magnitude direct current voltage

Abstract: An AC-DC regulator circuit is disclosed that is suitable for providing a constant magnitude, minimal ripple DC supply voltage in response to AC line voltages having varying peak amplitudes. The magnitude of the output voltage of the regulator is detected and restricted from exceeding a predetermined value by a feedback circuit employing a regenerative mode of operation. The resulting regulation provides a minimal ripple, constant magnitude supply voltage that may be applied to loads that are sensitive to voltage magnitude variations.

Series direct-current voltage regulator

Abstract: A series direct-current voltage regulator. The regulator comprises a field effect transistor as a series regulating element and a reference element comprising a forward-biased PN junction.

Voltage condition monitor

Abstract: A device for monitoring a variable voltage supply level is disclosed. The monitoring device functions to supply a signal which may be used to shut-down that equipment being supplied and/or drive an indicating device when the voltage level is below a trip voltage and, when the voltage level exceeds the trip voltage to provide a signal which may be used to reconnect the equipment circuit. The monitoring device includes a pair of low power generators each of which produce a digital signal. The digital signal of one generator varies more than the digital signal of the other generator with changes in applied voltage. The two digital signals are compared by a low power circuit and voltage level information is determined.

Controllable high voltage source having fast settling time

Abstract: A high voltage dc stepping power supply for sampling a utilization device such as an electrostatic analyzer has a relatively fast settling time for voltage steps The supply includes a waveform generator for deriving a low voltage staircase waveform that feeds a relatively long response time power supply deriving a high output voltage generally equal to a predetermined multiple of the input voltage In the power supply, an ac voltage modulated by the staircase waveform is applied to a step-up transformer and thence to a voltage multiplier stack to form a high voltage, relatively poor replica of the input waveform at an intermediate output terminal A constant dc source, applied to the input of the power supply, biases the voltage at the intermediate output terminal to be in excess of the predetermined multiple of the input voltage A fast shunt regulator responsive to the input signal provides an output which is a faithful high voltage reproduction of the staircase waveform The shunt regulator includes a solid state shunt device connected to the intermediate output terminal via a dropping resistor The supply output is taken from the junction of the resistor and the shunt device

A new DC-AC converter by a combination of Royer's circuit and parametric excitation

Abstract: The following is a brief description of the operation principle and the circuit configuration of a new dc-ac converter proposed by the authors. This device is constructed by a magnetic circuit of unusual shape and has a number of excellent characteristics in the operation. Therefore dc voltage can be converted to alternating sine wave voltage with an optional frequency, and even if the load current is increased, the values of the output voltage and its frequency are constant over a wide range.

Electrical power converting apparatus

Abstract: Power converting apparatus for use with an automotive electrical system or the like having an electric storage battery and a charging circuit for the battery including a variable output alternator and a regulator for controlling the alternator output voltage to the battery. The power converting apparatus has a power outlet and switching means for selectively bypassing the voltage regulator and connecting the alternator output directly to the power outlet. The power converting apparatus further includes means for indicating a predetermined voltage level of the alternator output (preferably 110 volts) in the bypassed state, thereby providing standard electrical power for all but inductive loads. A circuit breaker cooperates with the power outlet to prevent damage to its load or to the alternator by reason of excessive current flow.

High voltage probe for liquid immersion

Abstract: A capacitive voltage divider for the measurement of very high voltage transients in liquid‐filled transmission lines has been developed. The probe is suitable for pulse lengths in the range 10 nsec to 1 μsec, and peak voltages between 50 kV and 10 MV. The divider automatically compensates for changes in dielectric constant and loss.

Fail-safe high voltage protection circuit

Abstract: A fail-safe high voltage protection circuit for a television receiver includes means for rectifying pulses developed in the high voltage transformer for developing a direct current voltage proportional thereto for providing an additional bias voltage for the automatic frequency control (AFC) transistor. If the developed high voltage pulse becomes excessive, the corresponding increased bias supplied to the AFC transistor causes an increase in the horizontal oscillator frequency resulting in an unviewable raster.

Bang-Bang Excitation Control

Abstract: This paper concerns itself with the time-optimal control of large oscillations in power systems by bang-bang excitation control. The determination of the instants at which the control is switched from one level to another and the application of such a piece-wise constant control to a tenth order nonlinear model which includes the effects due to field time lag and damper bars and the dynamics of exciter and govternor are the principal aspects of the paper. The results show that as compared to the normal proportional voltage regulator the bang-bang control effects more efficient damping of the system. Significant improvements are seen in the rate of response and the number and amplitudes of oscillations. The enhancement of the critical clearing time due to bang-bang network control is inidicated. It is hoped that the approach to the bang-bang control outlined in this paper would serve as a guide to future system studies on discontinuous control.

Overvoltage protection for high voltage shunt capacitor banks

Abstract: An integral shunt capacitor bank connected between high voltage AC terminals and comprising a plurality of serially-connected groups of paralleled capacitors is provided with a dual level overvoltage detection circuit between the paralleling buses defining each capacitor group. Each dual level detection circuit includes a voltage measuring impedance providing a low variable voltage proportional to the voltage to be measured and a pair of voltage responsive circuits across the measuring impedance. The voltage responsive circuits comprising each such pair are responsive to different overvoltage levels and include oppositely poled blocking rectifiers.

Line voltage monitor

Abstract: A line voltage monitor for monitoring the voltage applied to electrical equipment and for providing an indication or protective disablement of the equipment in the event excessive variations occur in the line voltage. The line voltage monitor includes a steady state voltage sensing means and a transient voltage sensing means for detecting both types of voltage variations.

Dual function coupling system and method

Abstract: An additional signal is supplied to an integrated circuit, including a voltage regulator and a plurality of electronic circuit elements, by impressing the signal on a terminal coupled to the voltage regulator. Circuitry in the integrated circuit recover the signal by detecting the voltage regulator response thereto. Method and apparatus with voltage regulators of shunt and series type are described.