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Volume fraction

About: Volume fraction is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16312 publications have been published within this topic receiving 374181 citations.


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TL;DR: The results showed that the interphase layer provided a smooth transition of elastic modulus from steel particles to the polymeric matrix, and a 10% volume fraction of steel particles could enhance the elasticModulus of PLLA polymer by 31%.
Abstract: The objective of this study is to characterize the micromechanical properties of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) composites reinforced by grade 420 stainless steel (SS) particles with a specific focus on the interphase properties. The specimens were manufactured using 3D printing techniques due to its many benefits, including high accuracy, cost effectiveness and customized geometry. The adopted fused filament fabrication resulted in a thin interphase layer with an average thickness of 3 µm. The mechanical properties of each phase, as well as the interphase, were characterized by nanoindentation tests. The effect of matrix degradation, i.e., imperfect bonding, on the elastic modulus of the composite was further examined by a representative volume element (RVE) model. The results showed that the interphase layer provided a smooth transition of elastic modulus from steel particles to the polymeric matrix. A 10% volume fraction of steel particles could enhance the elastic modulus of PLLA polymer by 31%. In addition, steel particles took 37% to 59% of the applied load with respect to the particle volume fraction. We found that degradation of the interphase reduced the elastic modulus of the composite by 70% and 7% under tensile and compressive loads, respectively. The shear modulus of the composite with 10% particles decreased by 36%, i.e., lower than pure PLLA, when debonding occurred.

454 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a Debye-Cole dual-dispersion dielectric model consisting of a component that accounts for the volume fraction occupied by water in free form and another component comprised of water molecules bound to bulk-vegetation molecules is presented.
Abstract: This paper is the second in a series evaluating the microwave dielectric behavior of vegetation material. It draws upon the data presented in Part I to develop a Debye-Cole dual-dispersion dielectric model consisting of a component that accounts for the volume fraction occupied by water in free form and another that accounts for the volume fraction occupied by the mixture comprised of water molecules bound to bulk-vegetation molecules. To determine the dielectric dispersion properties of the latter, measurements were made for sucrosewater solutions of known volume ratios. The proposed dielectric model is found to give excellent agreement with data over a wide range of moisture conditions and over the entire 0.2-20 GHz range examined in this study.

450 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the viscosities of cyclohexane suspensions of sterically stabilized (hard) silica spheres are reported as a function of shear rate (γ) and volume fraction.
Abstract: The viscosities of suspensions of sterically stabilized (hard) silica spheres in cyclohexane are reported as a function of shear rate (γ) and volume fraction (6×10−4<φ<0.6). The shear thinning scales according to (ηr−η∞)/(η0−η∞) =1/(1+1.31ηγa3/kT) with limiting low and high shear viscosities described up to φ∼0.35 by η0=1+5/2φ+(4±2)φ2+(42±10)φ3 , η∞=1+5/2φ+(4±2)φ2+(25±7)φ3 . At higher volume fractions the viscosity becomes more sensitive to φ and diverges at φm=0.63±0.02 (γ→0) , φm=0.70±0.02 (γ→∞) . The experimental results compare well with existing hard sphere theories and the data of Krieger (1972) for aqueous lattices. Even at the highest volume fraction neither yield stresses nor shear thickening are observed.

448 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the size, volume fraction, and spatial distribution of the pores in model samples have been characterised in 3D, using X-ray Computed Tomography, and correlated to the process variables.

445 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a third generation Ni-base single-crystal superalloy TMS-75 and its γ/γ " tie line alloys were designed to contain various volume fractions of γ, while the compositions of two individual phases were kept the same.

444 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023965
20222,020
2021744
2020736
2019786
2018696