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Volume fraction
About: Volume fraction is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16312 publications have been published within this topic receiving 374181 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of solute-fiber hydrodynamic interactions on the hindered diffusion of a spherical macromolecule in random media comprised of cylindrical fibers is investigated.
Abstract: Results are presented for the effect of solute–fiber hydrodynamic interactions on the hindered diffusion of a spherical macromolecule in random media comprised of cylindrical fibers Hydrodynamic interactions are calculated by representing the sphere as a collection of point singularities and accounting for the fibers by using a numerical version of slender‐body theory Electrostatic and other nonhydrodynamic interactions are neglected The calculations show that the hydrodynamic mobility of the solute decreases in an exponential‐like fashion as the fiber volume fraction is increased Also, at a given volume fraction, a medium of thinner fibers hinders solute transport more than a medium of thicker fibers The results compare well with experimental data, both for protein diffusion in solutions of the polysaccharide Dextran and for protein diffusion in cross‐linked agarose gels
115 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed theoretical investigation of how the particle size influences the relationship between LII signal and soot volume fraction for different experimental conditions, and they are able to understand how experimental conditions should be chosen in order to minimize the errors introduced when assuming a linear dependence between the signal and volume fraction.
Abstract: “The laser-induced incandescence (LII) signal is proportional to soot volume fraction” is an often used statement in scientific papers, and it has – within experimental uncertainties – been validated in comparisons with other diagnostic techniques in several investigations. In 1984 it was shown theoretically in a paper by Melton that there is a deviation from this statement in that the presence of larger particles leads to some overestimation of soot volume fractions. In the present paper we present a detailed theoretical investigation of how the soot particle size influences the relationship between LII signal and soot volume fraction for different experimental conditions. Several parameters have been varied; detection wavelength, time and delay of detection gate, ambient gas temperature and pressure, laser fluence, level of aggregation and spatial profile. Based on these results we are able, firstly, to understand how experimental conditions should be chosen in order to minimize the errors introduced when assuming a linear dependence between the signal and volume fraction and secondly, to obtain knowledge on how to use this information to obtain more accurate soot volume fraction data if the particle size is known.
115 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the wave propagation of generalized thermoelastic medium with voids under the effect of thermal loading due to laser pulse with energy dissipation was studied and a normal mode method was proposed to analyze the problem and obtain numerical solutions for the displacement components, stresses, temperature distribution and the change in the volume fraction field.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the wave propagation of generalized thermoelastic medium with voids under the effect of thermal loading due to laser pulse with energy dissipation. The material is a homogeneous isotropic elastic half-space and heated by a non-Gaussian laser beam with the pulse duration of 0.2 ps. A normal mode method is proposed to analyse the problem and obtain numerical solutions for the displacement components, stresses, temperature distribution and the change in the volume fraction field. The results of the physical quantities have been illustrated graphically by comparison between both types II and III of Green-Naghdi theory for two values of time, as well as with and without void parameters.
115 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the volume fraction of the lighter component in the lower layer is constant regardless of the bulk bed composition, and that layer inversion occurs for a given particle mixture when the liquid velocity passes through a value at which the volume of the thinner component in lower layer becomes equal to the larger component in upper layer.
115 citations
TL;DR: Porous samples of commercial pure titanium grade-4 were obtained by following both loose-sintering processing and space-holder technique with NaCl between 40 and 70% in volume fraction and most reliable Young's modulus measurements were achieved.
115 citations